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Tag: bakari meaning in Japanese
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Understanding ~ใฐใใ in Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding ~ใฐใใ in Japanese
The Japanese grammar pattern ~ใฐใใ (bakari) is often used to express the idea of “only,” “just,” or “nothing but.” It can indicate an excess of something, recent completion, or restriction to a particular action or state. The meaning changes based on the context, making it a versatile and essential grammar structure in Japanese.
This blog will explore the formation, various uses, and nuances of ~ใฐใใ in different situations, along with a list of verbs, nouns, and adjectives in the ~ใฐใใ form with example sentences.
Formation of ~ใฐใใ
~ใฐใใ can be formed using verbs, nouns, and adjectives. Below is the formation process:
1. Verb + ใฐใใ
- Vใๅฝข (Past Tense) + ใฐใใ โ Indicates something just happened.
- Example: ้ฃในใใฐใใ (tabeta bakari) โ “Just ate.”
2. Noun + ใฐใใ
- Noun + ใฐใใ โ Indicates “only” or “nothing but.”
- Example: ใ่ๅญใฐใใ (okashi bakari) โ “Nothing but sweets.”
3. Adjective + ใฐใใ
- ใ-adjective (Base Form) + ใฐใใ โ Indicates an excess.
- Example: ๆใใฐใใ (atsui bakari) โ “Nothing but hot.”
- ใช-adjective + ใฐใใ โ Similar excessive meaning.
- Example: ้ๅฑใฐใใ (taikutsu bakari) โ “Only boredom.”
Usage of ~ใฐใใ in Different Situations
- Indicating Recent Completion
- Formation: Verb (Past Tense) + ใฐใใ
- Example: ๅฎฟ้กใ็ตใใใฐใใใงใใ
- (Shukudai o oeta bakari desu.) โ “I just finished my homework.”
- Indicating Excessive Amount or Focus
- Formation: Noun + ใฐใใ
- Example: ็ใใใฎใฐใใ้ฃในใใ
- (Amai mono bakari taberu.) โ “I eat only sweet things.”
- Expressing “Nothing but” or “Only”
- Formation: Noun/Adjective + ใฐใใ
- Example: ๆใใฐใใใงใๅคใซๅบใใใชใใ
- (Atsui bakari de, soto ni detakunai.) โ “Itโs just too hot, so I donโt want to go outside.”
Situations Where ~ใฐใใ is Used
- Describing Recent Actions (ใใใฐใใ)
- Emphasizing Quantity
- Expressing Excessive Conditions
- Showing a Restriction (Nothing but X)
- Expressing Repetition of an Action
List of Verbs, Nouns, and Adjectives in ~ใฐใใ Form
Type Base Form ~ใฐใใ Form Example Sentence 1 Romaji Meaning Example Sentence 2 Romaji Meaning Verb ้ฃในใ ้ฃในใใฐใใ ใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใใฐใใใงใใ Gohan o tabeta bakari desu. I just ate a meal. ๆใใฏใใ้ฃในใใฐใใใงใใ Asagohan o tabeta bakari desu. I just had breakfast. Verb ่กใ ่กใฃใใฐใใ ๅญฆๆ กใธ่กใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Gakkou e itta bakari desu. I just went to school. ็ ้ขใธ่กใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Byouin e itta bakari desu. I just went to the hospital. Verb ๅธฐใ ๅธฐใฃใใฐใใ ๅฎถใซๅธฐใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Ie ni kaetta bakari desu. I just came home. ไผ็คพใใๅธฐใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Kaisha kara kaetta bakari desu. I just returned from work. Verb ่ฆใ ่ฆใใฐใใ ๆ ็ปใ่ฆใใฐใใใงใใ Eiga o mita bakari desu. I just watched a movie. ๅฝผใฏใใฌใใ่ฆใใฐใใใงใใ Kare wa terebi o mita bakari desu. He just watched TV. Verb ่ฒทใ ่ฒทใฃใใฐใใ ๆฐใใ้ดใ่ฒทใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Atarashii kutsu o katta bakari desu. I just bought new shoes. ๆฌใ่ฒทใฃใใฐใใใงใใ Hon o katta bakari desu. I just bought a book. Noun ้่ ้่ใฐใใ ้่ใฐใใ้ฃในใฆใใพใใ Yasai bakari tabete imasu. I eat only vegetables. ๅฝผใฏ้่ใฐใใ้ฃในใใ Kare wa yasai bakari taberu. He eats nothing but vegetables. Noun ๅฎฟ้ก ๅฎฟ้กใฐใใ ๅฎฟ้กใฐใใใใฆใใใ Shukudai bakari shite iru. I’m always doing homework. ๅฝผใฏๅฎฟ้กใฐใใใใฆใใพใใ Kare wa shukudai bakari shite imasu. He does nothing but homework. Adjective ้ซใ ้ซใใฐใใ ใใฎๅบใฎๅๅใฏ้ซใใฐใใใงใใ Kono mise no shouhin wa takai bakari desu. The products in this store are just expensive. ใใฎๆ่จใฏ้ซใใฐใใใงๆฉ่ฝใๅฐใชใใ Kono tokei wa takai bakari de kinou ga sukunai. This watch is just expensive with few functions.
More Example Sentences
- ๆฅๆฌใซๆฅใใฐใใใชใฎใงใๆฅๆฌ่ชใใใใใพใใใ
Nihon ni kita bakari na no de, nihongo ga wakarimasen.
“I just came to Japan, so I don’t understand Japanese.” - ๅฝผใฏใฒใผใ ใฐใใใใฆใใพใใ
Kare wa geemu bakari shite imasu.
“He does nothing but play games.” - ๆฏใฏๆ็ใฐใใไฝใฃใฆใใพใใ
Haha wa ryouri bakari tsukutte imasu.
“My mother is always cooking.” - ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏๆณฃใใฐใใใฎ่ฉฑใ ใฃใใ
Kono eiga wa naku bakari no hanashi datta.
“This movie was nothing but a tearjerker.” - ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆๅฅใฐใใ่จใฃใฆใใใ
Kanojo wa monku bakari itte iru.
“She does nothing but complain.” - ็ถใฏไปไบใฐใใใใฆใใพใใ
Chichi wa shigoto bakari shite imasu.
“My father is always working.” - ๅฝผใฏในใใใฐใใ่ฆใฆใใใ
Kare wa sumaho bakari mite iru.
“He does nothing but look at his smartphone.” - ๆจๆฅ่ฒทใฃใ้ดใๆฑใใใฐใใใงใใ
Kinou katta kutsu ga yogoreta bakari desu.
“The shoes I bought yesterday just got dirty.” - ๅญไพใใกใฏ้ใใงใฐใใใใใ
Kodomo-tachi wa asonde bakari iru.
“The kids are always playing.” - ใใฎ้จๅฑใฏๆใใฐใใใงใๆฐๅใๆชใใชใใ
Kono heya wa kurai bakari de, kibun ga waruku naru.
“This room is nothing but dark, making me feel unwell.”
Fill in the Blanks
- ๆจๆฅใๆฅๆฌใซ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใชใฎใงใใพใ ๆๅทฎใผใใใใใพใใ
- ใๆฏใใใฏๆใใใใฃใจ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใไฝใฃใฆใใใ
- ๅฝผใฏใใฌใใ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใใใฎใงใๅ จ็ถ้ๅใใชใใ
- ใใฃใใ้ฃฏใ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใ ใใใใ่ นใใใฃใฑใใ ใ
- ๅ้ใฏ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใ่จใฃใฆใๅ จ็ถๆไผใฃใฆใใใชใใ
- ๆ ่กใใ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใงใ่ท็ฉใ็ไปใใฆใใชใใ
- ๅฝผใฏใ้ใฎใใจ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใ่ใใฆใใใ
- ใใฎ็บใฏ้ซใใใซ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใงใๆใฎ้ฐๅฒๆฐใใชใใชใฃใใ
- ๅคใซใชใใจใๆใ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใงๅคใซๅบใใฎใๅซใซใชใใ
- ่ตคใกใใใ็ใพใใใฐใใใชใฎใงใ๏ผ______๏ผใฐใใใใใ
Answers
- ๆฅใ (kita) โ ๆจๆฅใๆฅๆฌใซๆฅใใฐใใใชใฎใงใใพใ ๆๅทฎใผใใใใใพใใ
I just came to Japan yesterday, so I still have jet lag. - ๆ็ (ryouri) โ ใๆฏใใใฏๆใใใใฃใจๆ็ใฐใใไฝใฃใฆใใใ
My mother has been cooking nothing but food since morning. - ่ฆใฆ (mite) โ ๅฝผใฏใใฌใใ่ฆใฆใฐใใใใใฎใงใๅ
จ็ถ้ๅใใชใใ
He does nothing but watch TV, so he never exercises. - ้ฃในใ (tabeta) โ ใใฃใใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใใฐใใใ ใใใใ่
นใใใฃใฑใใ ใ
I just ate a meal, so I’m full. - ๆๅฅ (monku) โ ๅ้ใฏๆๅฅใฐใใ่จใฃใฆใๅ
จ็ถๆไผใฃใฆใใใชใใ
My friend does nothing but complain and never helps. - ๅธฐใฃใ (kaetta) โ ๆ
่กใใๅธฐใฃใใฐใใใงใ่ท็ฉใ็ไปใใฆใใชใใ
I just returned from a trip, so I haven’t unpacked yet. - ใ้ (okane) โ ๅฝผใฏใ้ใฐใใ่ใใฆใใใ
He only thinks about money. - ใฐใใ (bakari) โ ใใฎ็บใฏ้ซใใใซใฐใใใงใๆใฎ้ฐๅฒๆฐใใชใใชใฃใใ
This town has nothing but tall buildings, and its old atmosphere is gone. - ใฐใใ (bakari) โ ๅคใซใชใใจใๆใใฐใใใงๅคใซๅบใใฎใๅซใซใชใใ
In summer, it’s nothing but hot, so I don’t want to go outside. - ๆณฃใใฆ (naite) โ ่ตคใกใใใ็ใพใใใฐใใใชใฎใงใๆณฃใใฆใฐใใใใใ
Since the baby was just born, they do nothing but cry.
Conclusion
The ~ใฐใใ form is an essential grammar structure in Japanese that expresses recent completion, restriction, or excessiveness. By mastering its formation and usage, you can enhance your fluency and express various nuances in Japanese. Practice with the examples provided and incorporate them into your daily conversations!
That’s it! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be using ~ใฐใใ like a native speaker.
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Happy learning! ๐
- Vใๅฝข (Past Tense) + ใฐใใ โ Indicates something just happened.