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Using 〜とおり in Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding「〜とおり」 in Japanese
If you’re learning Japanese, you’ve probably come across the phrase 「〜とおり」 at some point. This grammar pattern is incredibly useful for expressing actions, instructions, and events happening “as expected,” “just as,” or “in the same way” as something else. Whether you’re following a recipe, describing an event, or giving precise instructions, 「〜とおり」 helps you communicate with accuracy and clarity.
In this comprehensive guide, you’ll learn:
✅ The true meaning of 「〜とおり」 and why it’s so powerful
✅ How to use 「〜とおり」 correctly in everyday conversations
✅ Common mistakes learners make (and how to avoid them!)
✅ Real-life example sentences with Romaji, and English translationsBy the end of this lesson, you’ll not only understand 「〜とおり」 perfectly, but you’ll also be able to use it naturally, just like a native speaker.
Let’s dive in!
Common Expressions Using 「〜とおり」
Now that you understand the basics of 「〜とおり」, let’s explore 10 useful expressions where this grammar pattern naturally appears. These phrases are commonly used in daily conversations, instructions, and even formal speech.
1. 思ったとおり (Omotta tōri) – Just as I thought
📌 Example:
🔹 思ったとおり、テストは難しかった。
🔹 Omotta tōri, tesuto wa muzukashikatta.
🔹 (Just as I thought, the test was difficult.)2. 予想どおり (Yosō dōri) – As expected
📌 Example:
🔹 予想どおり、雨が降り始めた。
🔹 Yosō dōri, ame ga furi hajimeta.
🔹 (As expected, it started to rain.)3. 指示どおり (Shiji dōri) – According to instructions
📌 Example:
🔹 先生の指示どおりに、宿題をしました。
🔹 Sensei no shiji dōri ni, shukudai o shimashita.
🔹 (I did my homework according to the teacher’s instructions.)4. 予定どおり (Yotei dōri) – As planned
📌 Example:
🔹 旅行は予定どおりに進んでいます。
🔹 Ryokō wa yotei dōri ni susundeimasu.
🔹 (The trip is going as planned.)5. ルールどおり (Rūru dōri) – According to the rules
📌 Example:
🔹 試合はルールどおりに行われました。
🔹 Shiai wa rūru dōri ni okonawaremashita.
🔹 (The match was conducted according to the rules.)6. 予報どおり (Yohō dōri) – Just like the forecast said
📌 Example:
🔹 天気は予報どおりに晴れた。
🔹 Tenki wa yohō dōri ni hareta.
🔹 (The weather cleared up just like the forecast said.)7. 計画どおり (Keikaku dōri) – As per the plan
📌 Example:
🔹 プロジェクトは計画どおりに進んでいます。
🔹 Purojekuto wa keikaku dōri ni susundeimasu.
🔹 (The project is progressing as per the plan.)8. 約束どおり (Yakusoku dōri) – As promised
📌 Example:
🔹 約束どおり、明日会いましょう。
🔹 Yakusoku dōri, ashita aimashō.
🔹 (Let’s meet tomorrow as promised.)9. 本のとおり (Hon no tōri) – Just like the book says
📌 Example:
🔹 この料理は本のとおりに作りました。
🔹 Kono ryōri wa hon no tōri ni tsukurimashita.
🔹 (I made this dish just like the book says.)10. マニュアルのとおり (Manyuaru no tōri) – Following the manual
📌 Example:
🔹 マニュアルのとおりに設定してください。
🔹 Manyuaru no tōri ni settei shite kudasai.
🔹 (Please set it up according to the manual.)These 10 practical expressions will help you use 「〜とおり」 in real-life situations with confidence. Try practicing them in conversations and writing to make them feel natural!
Usage of 「〜とおり」
The grammar point 「〜とおり」 is highly versatile and used in various real-life situations. Below are the key scenarios where this expression is commonly applied:
1. Expressing “Just as Expected”
You can use 「〜とおり」 to show that something happened exactly as you predicted or expected.
✅ Example:
🔹 思ったとおり、試験は難しかった。
🔹 Omotta tōri, shiken wa muzukashikatta.
🔹 (Just as I thought, the exam was difficult.)
2. Following Instructions or Orders
When you need to indicate that something was done according to given instructions, rules, or commands, 「〜とおり」 is the perfect phrase to use.
✅ Example:
🔹 先生の指示どおりに宿題をやりました。
🔹 Sensei no shiji dōri ni shukudai o yarimashita.
🔹 (I did my homework according to the teacher’s instructions.)
3. Describing Plans and Predictions
If something happens as planned or as forecasted, 「〜とおり」 helps to express that the outcome matched the expectation.
✅ Example:
🔹 旅行は予定どおりに進んでいます。
🔹 Ryokō wa yotei dōri ni susundeimasu.
🔹 (The trip is going as planned.)✅ Example:
🔹 天気は予報どおりに晴れた。
🔹 Tenki wa yohō dōri ni hareta.
🔹 (The weather cleared up just like the forecast said.)
4. Performing Actions in the Same Manner
You can use 「〜とおり」 when instructing someone to follow a manual, book, or any set of instructions exactly as given.
✅ Example:
🔹 マニュアルのとおりに設定してください。
🔹 Manyuaru no tōri ni settei shite kudasai.
🔹 (Please set it up according to the manual.)✅ Example:
🔹 本のとおりに料理を作りました。
🔹 Hon no tōri ni ryōri o tsukurimashita.
🔹 (I made the dish exactly as written in the book.)
5. Describing Rules and Regulations
When something follows a set of rules, laws, or official guidelines, 「〜とおり」 can be used to describe adherence to them.
✅ Example:
🔹 試合はルールどおりに行われました。
🔹 Shiai wa rūru dōri ni okonawaremashita.
🔹 (The match was conducted according to the rules.)
6. Keeping Promises
When you want to emphasize that something was done as promised, you can use 「〜とおり」 to confirm that the commitment was fulfilled.
✅ Example:
🔹 約束どおりにお金を返しました。
🔹 Yakusoku dōri ni okane o kaeshimashita.
🔹 (I returned the money as promised.)
7. Explaining Results Matching Expectations
When an outcome perfectly matches an expectation or prediction, 「〜とおり」 expresses that sense of alignment.
✅ Example:
🔹 予想どおり、彼が試合に勝った。
🔹 Yosō dōri, kare ga shiai ni katta.
🔹 (As expected, he won the match.)
8. Giving Step-by-Step Instructions
If you need to explain how to do something in a step-by-step manner, you can use 「〜とおり」 to ensure that actions are followed precisely.
✅ Example:
🔹 私の言うとおりにしてください。
🔹 Watashi no iu tōri ni shite kudasai.
🔹 (Please do exactly as I say.)These are the most common situations where 「〜とおり」 is used in Japanese. This grammar point is essential for daily communication, making instructions clear, and expressing expectations accurately.
Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with Verb
The grammar point 「〜とおり」 can be used with verbs in different forms. Below is a complete breakdown of how to use it with:
- Dictionary Form (Plain Form) → (Verb as is)
- Past Form (Ta-form) → (Verb in た-form)
- Stem Form (Masu-stem for ます verbs) → (Verb without ます)
1. Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with Different Verb Groups
Verb Group Dictionary Form (Plain Form) + とおり Past Form (Ta-form) + とおり Stem Form (Masu-stem) + とおり Group 1 (う-Verbs) 読むとおり (Yomu tōri) → (As one reads…) 読んだとおり (Yonda tōri) → (As one read…) 読みとおり (Yomi tōri) → (As one is reading…) Group 2 (る-Verbs) 見るとおり (Miru tōri) → (As one sees…) 見たとおり (Mita tōri) → (As one saw…) 見とおり (Mi tōri) → (As one is seeing…) Group 3 (Irregular Verbs) する通り (Suru tōri) → (As one does…) 来るとおり (Kuru tōri) → (As one comes…) したとおり (Shita tōri) → (As one did…) 来たとおり (Kita tōri) → (As one came…) しとおり (Shi tōri) → (As one is doing…) 来とおり (Ki tōri) → (As one is coming…)
2. Example Sentences for Each Verb Group in Different Forms
📌 Group 1 (う-Verbs) Example: 「書く」 (kaku – to write)
✅ Dictionary Form:
🔹 先生が書くとおりにメモしてください。
🔹 Sensei ga kaku tōri ni memo shite kudasai.
🔹 (Please take notes exactly as the teacher writes.)✅ Past Form (Ta-form):
🔹 先生が書いたとおりに答えを書いてください。
🔹 Sensei ga kaita tōri ni kotae o kaite kudasai.
🔹 (Please write the answer exactly as the teacher wrote.)✅ Stem Form (Masu-stem):
🔹 先生の書きとおりに書けば大丈夫です。
🔹 Sensei no kaki tōri ni kakeba daijōbu desu.
🔹 (If you write as the teacher is writing, you’ll be fine.)
📌 Group 2 (る-Verbs) Example: 「食べる」 (taberu – to eat)
✅ Dictionary Form:
🔹 レシピに書いてあるとおりに食べると美味しいです。
🔹 Reshipi ni kaite aru tōri ni taberu to oishii desu.
🔹 (It’s delicious if you eat it as written in the recipe.)✅ Past Form (Ta-form):
🔹 レシピのとおりに食べたら、美味しかった。
🔹 Reshipi no tōri ni tabetara, oishikatta.
🔹 (It was delicious when I ate it as per the recipe.)✅ Stem Form (Masu-stem):
🔹 レシピの食べとおりに作れば大丈夫です。
🔹 Reshipi no tabe tōri ni tsukureba daijōbu desu.
🔹 (If you cook it as you are eating, it will be fine.)
📌 Group 3 (Irregular Verbs) Example: 「する」 (suru – to do) & 「来る」 (kuru – to come)
✅ Dictionary Form:
🔹 彼がする通りにやってください。
🔹 Kare ga suru tōri ni yatte kudasai.
🔹 (Please do it just as he does.)✅ Past Form (Ta-form):
🔹 彼がしたとおりにやれば成功します。
🔹 Kare ga shita tōri ni yareba seikō shimasu.
🔹 (If you do it as he did, you will succeed.)✅ Stem Form (Masu-stem):
🔹 彼のしとおりに練習すれば上手になります。
🔹 Kare no shi tōri ni renshū sureba jōzu ni narimasu.
🔹 (If you practice as he is doing, you will improve.)
📌 Example with 「来る」 (Kuru – to come)
✅ Dictionary Form:
🔹 先生が来るとおりに準備してください。
🔹 Sensei ga kuru tōri ni junbi shite kudasai.
🔹 (Prepare as the teacher comes.)✅ Past Form (Ta-form):
🔹 先生が来たとおりに、試験が始まります。
🔹 Sensei ga kita tōri ni, shiken ga hajimarimasu.
🔹 (As the teacher arrived, the exam started.)✅ Stem Form (Masu-stem):
🔹 先生の来とおりに行動してください。
🔹 Sensei no ki tōri ni kōdō shite kudasai.
🔹 (Act as the teacher is coming.)By mastering the different verb conjugations with 「〜とおり」, you can express actions that are done exactly as expected, predicted, or instructed. Whether you are following a manual, repeating someone’s actions, or verifying if something happened as anticipated, this grammar pattern is essential for clear and natural Japanese communication!
Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with Nouns and Adjectives
In addition to verbs, 「〜とおり」 can also be used with nouns and adjectives to express “as expected,” “just like,” or “exactly as.” Below is a detailed breakdown of how to use 「〜とおり」 with:
- Nouns
- い-Adjectives
- な-Adjectives
1. Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with Nouns
📌 Rule for Nouns:
For nouns, 「の」 is added before 「とおり」 to link the two words.
🔹 Noun + の + とおり → (As per [Noun], Just like [Noun])Noun Example Sentence Romaji English Translation 予想 (yosou) – Expectation 予想のとおり、試験は難しかった。 Yosou no tōri, shiken wa muzukashikatta. As expected, the exam was difficult. 説明 (setsumei) – Explanation 先生の説明のとおりにやってください。 Sensei no setsumei no tōri ni yatte kudasai. Please do it exactly as explained by the teacher. 計画 (keikaku) – Plan 計画のとおりに進めます。 Keikaku no tōri ni susumemasu. We will proceed according to the plan. 指示 (shiji) – Instructions 指示のとおりに行動してください。 Shiji no tōri ni kōdō shite kudasai. Please act as per the instructions. 地図 (chizu) – Map 地図のとおりに行けば、迷いません。 Chizu no tōri ni ikeba, mayoimasen. If you follow the map, you won’t get lost.
2. Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with い-Adjectives
📌 Rule for い-Adjectives:
Since い-adjectives cannot directly attach to 「とおり」, they are converted into their noun form by adding 「こと」 before 「とおり」.
🔹 い-Adjective + こと + とおり → (As [Adjective] as expected)い-Adjective Example Sentence Romaji English Translation 簡単 (kantan) – Simple 思ったこととおり、問題は簡単だった。 Omotta koto tōri, mondai wa kantan datta. As I thought, the problem was simple. 難しい (muzukashii) – Difficult 聞いたこととおり、その試験は難しい。 Kiita koto tōri, sono shiken wa muzukashii. As I heard, that exam is difficult. 楽しい (tanoshii) – Fun 予想したこととおり、旅行はとても楽しかった。 Yosou shita koto tōri, ryokō wa totemo tanoshikatta. As I expected, the trip was really fun. 正しい (tadashii) – Correct あなたの言ったこととおり、それは正しかった。 Anata no itta koto tōri, sore wa tadashikatta. As you said, that was correct. 高い (takai) – Expensive 店員が言ったこととおり、その時計は高かった。 Ten’in ga itta koto tōri, sono tokei wa takakatta. As the clerk said, that watch was expensive.
3. Conjugation of 「〜とおり」 with な-Adjectives
📌 Rule for な-Adjectives:
Since な-adjectives function like nouns, they follow the same rule as nouns and use 「の」 before 「とおり」.
🔹 な-Adjective + な + の + とおり → (As [Adjective] as expected)な-Adjective Example Sentence Romaji English Translation 静か (shizuka) – Quiet 彼の部屋は聞いたのとおり、静かだった。 Kare no heya wa kiita no tōri, shizuka datta. As I heard, his room was quiet. 有名 (yuumei) – Famous 彼女は写真のとおり、有名な人です。 Kanojo wa shashin no tōri, yūmei na hito desu. As in the photo, she is a famous person. 便利 (benri) – Convenient このアプリは説明のとおり、便利ですね。 Kono apuri wa setsumei no tōri, benri desu ne. As described, this app is convenient. 元気 (genki) – Energetic あなたの言ったのとおり、彼は元気だった。 Anata no itta no tōri, kare wa genki datta. As you said, he was energetic. 親切 (shinsetsu) – Kind その人は紹介のとおり、とても親切だった。 Sono hito wa shōkai no tōri, totemo shinsetsu datta. As introduced, that person was very kind. By learning how to use 「〜とおり」 with nouns, い-adjectives, and な-adjectives, you can express confirmation, expectations, and precise descriptions in various situations.
Got it! Here’s the Grammar Rules section with the “How to Use 「〜とおり」 with Different Word Types” part removed.
Grammar Rules of 「〜とおり」
The 「〜とおり」 grammar structure is used to express that something happens exactly as expected, planned, instructed, or perceived. Below are all the essential grammar rules related to 「〜とおり」, along with clear explanations and examples.
1️⃣ Basic Sentence Structure
「〜とおり」 is commonly used in the following pattern:
🔹 [Action/Noun] + とおり (に) + [Main Clause]
(Do something exactly as [Action/Noun] describes.)Examples:
✅ 予想のとおり、試験は難しかった。
(Yosou no tōri, shiken wa muzukashikatta.)
➡️ As expected, the exam was difficult.✅ 先生が言ったとおりに、宿題をしました。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni, shukudai o shimashita.)
➡️ I did my homework exactly as the teacher said.
2️⃣ 「〜とおり」 vs. 「〜のとおり」
The choice between 「〜とおり」 and 「〜のとおり」 depends on the word before it.
Word Before 「とおり」 Grammar Rule Verbs Use dictionary form (plain form) or past form (た-form) before 「とおり」. Nouns Attach 「の」 before 「とおり」. Examples:
✅ 計画のとおりに進めます。
(Keikaku no tōri ni susumemasu.)
➡️ We will proceed according to the plan. (Noun + のとおり)✅ 聞いたとおりにやってください。
(Kiita tōri ni yatte kudasai.)
➡️ Please do it as you heard. (Verb in past form + とおり)
3️⃣ Optional Use of 「に」 after 「とおり」
Sometimes, 「に」 is added after 「とおり」, depending on the sentence structure.
Form Example Sentence Romaji Translation Without に 予想のとおり、彼は合格した。 Yosou no tōri, kare wa goukaku shita. As expected, he passed. With に 先生が言ったとおりにやりました。 Sensei ga itta tōri ni yarimashita. I did it exactly as the teacher said. ✅ 「に」 is optional if the meaning is still clear without it.
✅ 「に」 is required when followed by a verb, such as やる (do), 行く (go), 書く (write), 話す (speak).
4️⃣ 「〜とおり」 vs. Similar Expressions
Grammar Point Meaning Example Sentence Translation 〜とおり “As expected / As instructed” 先生が言ったとおりにやってください。 Do it as the teacher said. 〜ように “So that / In order to” 風邪を引かないように、マスクをしてください。 Wear a mask so that you don’t catch a cold. 〜まま “As is / Leave as is” 電気をつけたまま寝てしまった。 I fell asleep with the lights on. ✅ 「〜とおり」 focuses on following instructions, plans, or expectations.
✅ 「〜ように」 focuses on purpose or results.
✅ 「〜まま」 describes unchanged states.
Things to Keep in Mind When Using 「〜とおり」
Understanding 「〜とおり」 is straightforward, but there are a few tricky points and exceptions to be aware of. Below are some important rules, nuances, and mistakes to avoid when using this grammar structure.
1️⃣ Be Careful with 「に」 After 「とおり」
- The particle 「に」 is sometimes added after 「とおり」, but not always.
- 「に」 is required when a verb follows 「とおり」.
- 「に」 is optional when there is no verb immediately after 「とおり」.
Examples:
✅ 先生が言ったとおりにやってください。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni yatte kudasai.)
➡️ Do it exactly as the teacher said. (Verb follows → に is necessary)✅ 予想のとおり、彼は合格した。
(Yosou no tōri, kare wa goukaku shita.)
➡️ As expected, he passed. (No verb immediately after → に is not used)
2️⃣ 「〜とおり」 Changes to 「〜どおり」 in Some Cases
- When attached to certain nouns, 「とおり」 becomes 「どおり」 instead.
- This happens mainly with common set expressions.
Examples:
✅ 予定どおりに試験が終わった。
(Yotei dōri ni shiken ga owatta.)
➡️ The exam ended as scheduled. (Instead of 予定のとおり, we use 予定どおり.)✅ 指示どおりに動いてください。
(Shiji dōri ni ugoite kudasai.)
➡️ Move according to the instructions.🔹 Common nouns that use 「どおり」 instead of 「とおり」:
- 予定どおり (As scheduled)
- 指示どおり (As instructed)
- 思ったどおり (As I thought)
- 希望どおり (As hoped)
💡 Tip: If a noun directly follows 「とおり」, check if it has a common どおり form!
3️⃣ Difference Between 「〜とおり」 and 「〜まま」
🔹 「〜とおり」 → Focuses on following instructions or expectations.
🔹 「〜まま」 → Focuses on keeping something unchanged.Examples:
✅ 先生が言ったとおりにやりました。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni yarimashita.)
➡️ I did it exactly as the teacher said. (Followed the instructions)✅ 電気をつけたまま寝てしまった。
(Denki o tsuketa mama nete shimatta.)
➡️ I fell asleep with the lights on. (State remained unchanged)💡 Tip: If you’re following a plan or instructions, use 「とおり」.
If you’re keeping a condition unchanged, use 「まま」 instead.
4️⃣ Be Careful with Negative Forms
- When using 「〜とおり」 in negative sentences, be careful with meaning.
- If the first clause is negative, the second clause also follows the negative meaning.
Examples:
✅ 思ったとおり、彼は来なかった。
(Omotta tōri, kare wa konakatta.)
➡️ Just as I thought, he didn’t come.✅ 聞いたとおりにしなかったので、失敗しました。
(Kiita tōri ni shinakatta node, shippai shimashita.)
➡️ I failed because I didn’t do it as I was told.💡 Tip: If using 「〜とおり」 in a negative sentence, make sure the meaning is logical!
5️⃣ Difference Between 「〜ように」 and 「〜とおり」
Grammar Meaning Example Translation 〜とおり As expected / instructed 先生が言ったとおりに書いてください。 Write as the teacher said. 〜ように So that / In order to 風邪を引かないようにマスクをしてください。 Wear a mask so that you don’t catch a cold. 💡 Tip: If you’re talking about following instructions → Use 「〜とおり」.
If you’re talking about purpose or goals → Use 「〜ように」 instead.
6️⃣ Watch Out for Particle Changes When Using 「〜のとおり」
- When a noun comes before 「〜とおり」, use 「の」.
- When a verb comes before 「〜とおり」, do not use 「の」.
Examples:
✅ 先生の指示のとおりにやってください。
(Sensei no shiji no tōri ni yatte kudasai.)
➡️ Do it according to the teacher’s instructions. (Noun → Use の)✅ 先生が言ったとおりにやってください。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni yatte kudasai.)
➡️ Do it exactly as the teacher said. (Verb → No の)💡 Tip: If the phrase before 「とおり」 is a noun, always use 「の」!
7️⃣ 「〜とおりにする」 vs. 「〜とおりになる」
- 「〜とおりにする」 → You actively do something as planned.
- 「〜とおりになる」 → Something naturally happens as expected.
Examples:
✅ 先生が言ったとおりにしました。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni shimashita.)
➡️ I did exactly as the teacher said. (You actively followed instructions)✅ 予想のとおりになった。
(Yosou no tōri ni natta.)
➡️ It turned out just as expected. (Happened naturally)💡 Tip: If you’re taking action, use 「する」.
If something happens naturally, use 「なる」.
Example Sentences
Here are some example sentences using 「〜とおり」to help you understand its real-life usage.
Following Instructions or Expectations
- 先生が言ったとおりに宿題をしました。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni shukudai o shimashita.)
➡️ I did my homework exactly as the teacher said. - レシピのとおりに料理を作りました。
(Reshipi no tōri ni ryōri o tsukurimashita.)
➡️ I cooked according to the recipe. - 説明書のとおりにパソコンを設定しました。
(Setsumeisho no tōri ni pasokon o settei shimashita.)
➡️ I set up the computer according to the manual. - 先生の指示のとおりに動いてください。
(Sensei no shiji no tōri ni ugoite kudasai.)
➡️ Please move according to the teacher’s instructions. - 私が言ったとおりにやれば、大丈夫です。
(Watashi ga itta tōri ni yareba, daijōbu desu.)
➡️ If you do it as I said, it will be fine.
Describing Things That Happened as Expected
- 予想のとおり、試験は難しかった。
(Yosou no tōri, shiken wa muzukashikatta.)
➡️ As expected, the exam was difficult. - 思ったとおりの結果でした。
(Omotta tōri no kekka deshita.)
➡️ The result was just as I thought. - 天気予報のとおりに雨が降りました。
(Tenki yohō no tōri ni ame ga furimashita.)
➡️ It rained just as the weather forecast predicted. - 彼は私が考えたとおりの人でした。
(Kare wa watashi ga kangaeta tōri no hito deshita.)
➡️ He was exactly the kind of person I thought he would be. - 噂のとおり、そのレストランの料理は美味しかった。
(Uwasa no tōri, sono resutoran no ryōri wa oishikatta.)
➡️ As the rumors said, the food at that restaurant was delicious.
Following Movements, Plans, or Changes
- 地図のとおりに進んでください。
(Chizu no tōri ni susunde kudasai.)
➡️ Please follow the map to proceed. - スケジュールのとおりに会議を進めます。
(Sukejūru no tōri ni kaigi o susumemasu.)
➡️ We will proceed with the meeting according to the schedule. - 計画どおりに仕事が進んでいます。
(Keikaku dōri ni shigoto ga susunde imasu.)
➡️ The work is progressing as planned. - マニュアルのとおりにソフトをインストールしてください。
(Manyuaru no tōri ni sofuto o insutōru shite kudasai.)
➡️ Please install the software according to the manual. - 道のとおりに歩けば、駅に着きます。
(Michi no tōri ni arukeba, eki ni tsukimasu.)
➡️ If you walk along the road, you will reach the station.
Expressing Personal Thoughts and Opinions
- あなたが言ったとおり、日本の夏はとても暑いですね。
(Anata ga itta tōri, Nihon no natsu wa totemo atsui desu ne.)
➡️ As you said, summers in Japan are very hot. - 映画は期待したとおりに面白かったです。
(Eiga wa kitai shita tōri ni omoshirokatta desu.)
➡️ The movie was as interesting as I expected. - 彼の話は聞いたとおりに正しかった。
(Kare no hanashi wa kiita tōri ni tadashikatta.)
➡️ His story was correct just as I had heard. - 彼女の料理は評判のとおりに美味しかった。
(Kanojo no ryōri wa hyōban no tōri ni oishikatta.)
➡️ Her cooking was as delicious as the reviews said. - 私が想像したとおりの素晴らしい景色でした。
(Watashi ga sōzō shita tōri no subarashii keshiki deshita.)
➡️ It was a magnificent view, just as I had imagined.
These example sentences cover different contexts where 「〜とおり」 is used. Let me know in comment if you want more examples! 😊
Exercise: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the following sentences using 「〜とおり」 appropriately. The verb, noun, or adjective that needs to be conjugated is given in parentheses (bold).
- 先生が ______ に答えてください。（言う）
- ______ に料理を作りました。（レシピ）
- ______ にパソコンを設定しました。（説明書）
- 試験は ______ 、難しかった。（予想する）
- 雨が ______ に降りました。（天気予報）
- ______ に進んでください。（地図）
- 先生の指示の ______ に動いてください。（とおり）
- 彼女の料理は ______ に美味しかった。（評判）
- 彼は私が ______ の人でした。（考える）
- あなたが ______ 、彼は本当に親切な人ですね。（言う）
- ______ に仕事が進んでいます。（計画）
- ______ に歩けば、駅に着きます。（道）
- 私が ______ の結果でした。（思う）
- 私が ______ の素晴らしい景色でした。（想像する）
- 彼の話は ______ に正しかった。（聞く）
- ______ にソフトをインストールしてください。（マニュアル）
- ______ に会議を進めます。（スケジュール）
- 先生が ______ にやれば、大丈夫です。（言う）
- 映画は ______ に面白かったです。（期待する）
- ______ 、そのレストランの料理は美味しかった。（噂）
Answers
Here are the correct answers along with Romaji and English translations.
- 先生が 言ったとおり に答えてください。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni kotaete kudasai.)
➡️ Please answer as the teacher said. - レシピのとおり に料理を作りました。
(Reshipi no tōri ni ryōri o tsukurimashita.)
➡️ I cooked according to the recipe. - 説明書のとおり にパソコンを設定しました。
(Setsumeisho no tōri ni pasokon o settei shimashita.)
➡️ I set up the computer according to the manual. - 試験は 予想したとおり 、難しかった。
(Shiken wa yosou shita tōri, muzukashikatta.)
➡️ The exam was as difficult as predicted. - 雨が 天気予報のとおり に降りました。
(Ame ga tenki yohō no tōri ni furimashita.)
➡️ It rained just as the weather forecast predicted. - 地図のとおり に進んでください。
(Chizu no tōri ni susunde kudasai.)
➡️ Please follow the map to proceed. - 先生の指示の とおり に動いてください。
(Sensei no shiji no tōri ni ugoite kudasai.)
➡️ Please move according to the teacher’s instructions. - 彼女の料理は 評判のとおり に美味しかった。
(Kanojo no ryōri wa hyōban no tōri ni oishikatta.)
➡️ Her cooking was as delicious as the reviews said. - 彼は私が 考えたとおり の人でした。
(Kare wa watashi ga kangaeta tōri no hito deshita.)
➡️ He was exactly the kind of person I thought he would be. - あなたが 言ったとおり 、彼は本当に親切な人ですね。
(Anata ga itta tōri, kare wa hontō ni shinsetsu na hito desu ne.)
➡️ As you said, he is really a kind person. - 計画どおり に仕事が進んでいます。
(Keikaku dōri ni shigoto ga susunde imasu.)
➡️ The work is progressing as planned. - 道のとおり に歩けば、駅に着きます。
(Michi no tōri ni arukeba, eki ni tsukimasu.)
➡️ If you walk along the road, you will reach the station. - 私が 思ったとおり の結果でした。
(Watashi ga omotta tōri no kekka deshita.)
➡️ The result was just as I thought. - 私が 想像したとおり の素晴らしい景色でした。
(Watashi ga sōzō shita tōri no subarashii keshiki deshita.)
➡️ It was a magnificent view, just as I had imagined. - 彼の話は 聞いたとおり に正しかった。
(Kare no hanashi wa kiita tōri ni tadashikatta.)
➡️ His story was correct just as I had heard. - マニュアルのとおり にソフトをインストールしてください。
(Manyuaru no tōri ni sofuto o insutōru shite kudasai.)
➡️ Please install the software according to the manual. - スケジュールのとおり に会議を進めます。
(Sukejūru no tōri ni kaigi o susumemasu.)
➡️ We will proceed with the meeting according to the schedule. - 先生が 言ったとおり にやれば、大丈夫です。
(Sensei ga itta tōri ni yareba, daijōbu desu.)
➡️ If you do it as the teacher said, it will be fine. - 映画は 期待したとおり に面白かったです。
(Eiga wa kitai shita tōri ni omoshirokatta desu.)
➡️ The movie was as interesting as I expected. - 噂どおり 、そのレストランの料理は美味しかった。
(Uwasa dōri, sono resutoran no ryōri wa oishikatta.)
➡️ As the rumors said, the food at that restaurant was delicious.
This exercise helps reinforce 「〜とおり」 usage with different types of words.
Summary of 「〜とおり」
Here’s a quick recap of the key points covered in this blog:
- Meaning & Usage:
- 「〜とおり」 is used to express “as, just as, according to” in Japanese.
- It conveys that something happens exactly as expected, planned, or instructed.
- Common Sentence Structures:
- Verb (Dictionary/Past form) + とおり → As (someone) does/did
- Noun + のとおり → According to (noun)
- Noun + どおり → As (noun) states/shows
- Adjective (な/い) + とおり → Just as (adjective) describes
- Situations Where 「〜とおり」 is Used:
- Following instructions (マニュアルのとおりに設定する – Set it up as per the manual.)
- Predictions coming true (予想したとおり、試験は難しかった – As expected, the test was difficult.)
- Following someone’s words (先生が言ったとおりにする – Do as the teacher said.)
- Describing something as imagined (想像したとおりの景色 – A view just as imagined.)
- Key Considerations:
- 「〜とおり」 can be used with verbs, nouns, and adjectives, but the structure changes slightly.
- Noun + のとおり and Noun + どおり are interchangeable in many cases, but どおり is more commonly used with set phrases.
- Verb + とおり requires proper conjugation, especially for past and dictionary forms.
- Be mindful of the context – it should indicate similarity, accuracy, or following a reference.
- By mastering 「〜とおり」, you can express instructions, expectations, and confirmations naturally in Japanese. Keep practicing, and soon, using this grammar pattern will feel effortless!
Mastering 「〜とおり」 is essential for expressing actions, expectations, and results accurately in Japanese. Whether you’re following instructions, describing events as predicted, or comparing reality with expectations, this grammar structure allows you to communicate with clarity and precision.
By understanding its different forms—when used with verbs, nouns, and adjectives—you can naturally incorporate it into daily conversations and written Japanese. The more you practice, the easier it becomes to use 「〜とおり」 effortlessly, just like native speakers do.
So, keep practicing with real-life examples, listen to how native speakers use it, and don’t hesitate to try it in your own sentences. With time and effort, you’ll be able to use 「〜とおり」 just as fluently as you imagined! 🚀🔥
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
-
Using 〜てよかった in Japanese | My Language Classes
Mastering 〜てよかった: Expressing Relief and Satisfaction in Japanese Grammar
For Japanese learners, mastering the art of expressing emotions like relief or gratitude is essential for effective communication. One indispensable grammar structure for this is 〜てよかった (~te yokatta), a phrase that conveys satisfaction or relief over past actions. Whether you’re celebrating a wise decision or sighing relief after a near-miss, this guide will help you wield 〜てよかった with confidence and precision.
In this comprehensive blog post, you’ll discover:
- The grammatical structure and formation of 〜てよかった
- Key situations to use this phrase naturally
- Advanced nuances and comparisons to related grammar patterns
- 10 example sentences with romaji and translations
- Practice exercises to test your knowledge
- Cultural insights for authentic usage
Understanding 〜てよかった: The Grammar of Relief
What Does 〜てよかった Mean?
The phrase 〜てよかった combines the て-form of a verb with よかった (the past tense of よい, meaning “good”). It translates to “I’m glad that…” or “It was good that…”, expressing relief or happiness about a completed action.
Example:
- 勉強してよかった。
Benkyō shite yokatta.
I’m glad I studied.
Structure and Formation: Positive and Negative Forms
1. Positive Form: Verb (て-form) + よかった
To create this structure:
- Convert the verb to its て-form.
- Add よかった.
Verb Type Example Verb て-form 〜てよかった Group 1 (う-verbs) 行く (iku, “to go”) 行って (itte) 行ってよかった Group 2 (る-verbs) 食べる (taberu, “to eat”) 食べて (tabete) 食べてよかった Group 3 (Irregular) する (suru, “to do”) して (shite) してよかった Example:
- 彼に会えてよかった。
Kare ni aete yokatta.
I’m glad I met him.
2. Negative Form: 〜ないでよかった
To express relief about not doing something, use:
Verb (ない-form) + でよかったExample:
- 雨が降らないでよかった。
Ame ga furanai de yokatta.
I’m glad it didn’t rain.
Advanced Nuances and Related Structures
1. Using 〜てよかった with Adjectives and Nouns
Extend the structure to adjectives/nouns by using で instead of て:
- Adjective: 元気でよかった。
Genki de yokatta.
I’m glad you’re healthy. - Noun: 学生でよかった。
Gakusei de yokatta.
I’m glad I’m a student.
2. Combining with 〜のか for Questions
Add のか to express doubt or reflection:
- 勉強してよかったのか？
Benkyō shite yokatta no ka?
Was it good that I studied?
3. Comparison with 〜ばよかった (Expressing Regret)
While 〜てよかった expresses relief, 〜ばよかった conveys regret for actions not taken:
- もっと勉強すればよかった。
Motto benkyō sureba yokatta.
I should have studied more.
4. Formality Levels
Adjust politeness by adding です or casual particles like よ:
- Formal: 来てよかったです。
Kite yokatta desu. - Casual: 来てよかったよ！
Kite yokatta yo!
When to Use 〜てよかった: Situations and Contexts
1. Personal Achievements
Express satisfaction over efforts that paid off:
- がんばってよかった！
Ganbatte yokatta!
I’m glad I tried my best!
2. Avoiding Negative Outcomes
Highlight relief after dodging a problem:
- あの車を買わないでよかった。
Ano kuruma o kawanai de yokatta.
I’m glad I didn’t buy that car.
3. Gratitude Toward Others
Acknowledge someone’s help politely:
- 手伝ってくれてよかったです。
Tetsudatte kurete yokatta desu.
I’m glad you helped me.
Emotional Tone and Emphasis
Amplify Relief with Adverbs
Use adverbs like 本当に (hontō ni, “really”) or すごく (sugoku, “extremely”):
- 本当に来てよかった！
Hontō ni kite yokatta!
I’m really glad I came!
Expressing Relief for Others
Third-Person Usage
Apply 〜てよかった to others’ actions using 〜てくれて:
- ゆうこさんが来てくれてよかった。
Yūko-san ga kite kurete yokatta.
I’m glad Yuko came.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Mistake 1: Incorrect て-Form Conjugation
Using the wrong て-form (e.g., 行く → 行きて) instead of 行って.
Incorrect: 勉強しきてよかった。
Correct: 勉強してよかった。Mistake 2: Using 〜てよかった for Future Actions
This structure only applies to past actions. For future relief, use 〜たらいい:
- 明日晴れたらいいね。
Ashita hare tara ii ne.
I hope it’s sunny tomorrow.
Real-World Exceptions: When to Avoid 〜てよかった
1. Overly Formal Writing
In formal reports or speeches, opt for neutral phrases like 〜て良かったと考えています (~te yokatta to kangaete imasu, “I consider it good that…”).
2. Cultural Sensitivity
Avoid 〜てよかった if it might imply someone else’s mistake (e.g., あなたが来てよかった could sound accusatory).
Example Sentences: 10 Real-Life Uses of 〜てよかった
- 医者に行ってよかった。
Isha ni itte yokatta.
I’m glad I went to the doctor. - 傘を持ってきてよかった。
Kasa o motte kite yokatta.
I’m glad I brought an umbrella. - 友達に相談してよかった。
Tomodachi ni sōdan shite yokatta.
I’m glad I consulted my friend. - 早起きしてよかった。
Hayaoki shite yokatta.
I’m glad I woke up early. - 予約しておいてよかった。
Yoyaku shite oite yokatta.
I’m glad I made a reservation. - あの映画を見ないでよかった。
Ano eiga o minai de yokatta.
I’m glad I didn’t watch that movie. - 電話をかけてよかった。
Denwa o kakete yokatta.
I’m glad I called. - 薬を飲まないでよかった。
Kusuri o nomanai de yokatta.
I’m glad I didn’t take the medicine. - 大学を選んでよかった。
Daigaku o erande yokatta.
I’m glad I chose this university. - 旅行の計画を立ててよかった。
Ryokō no keikaku o tatete yokatta.
I’m glad I made travel plans.
Practice Exercises: Test Your Knowledge
Fill in the Blanks
Test your understanding with these 10 questions. Answers provided below!
- 彼と話して＿＿＿。
Kare to hanashite __.
(I’m glad I talked to him.) - 宿題を＿＿＿よかった。
Shukudai o __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I finished my homework.) - あのケーキを＿＿＿よかった。
Ano kēki o __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I didn’t eat that cake.) - 先生に＿＿＿よかったです。
Sensei ni __ yokatta desu.
(I’m glad I asked the teacher.) - 電車に＿＿＿よかった。
Densha ni __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I didn’t miss the train.) - この本を＿＿＿よかった。
Kono hon o __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I read this book.) - パーティーに＿＿＿よかった。
Pātī ni __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I went to the party.) - あの道を＿＿＿でよかった。
Ano michi o __ de yokatta.
(I’m glad I didn’t take that road.) - 母に＿＿＿よかった。
Haha ni __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I listened to my mom.) - 歯を＿＿＿よかった。
Ha o __ yokatta.
(I’m glad I brushed my teeth.)
Answers:
- よかった
- 終わって
- 食べないで
- 聞いて
- 乗り遅れないで
- 読んで
- 行って
- 選ばない
- 従って
- 磨いて
Cultural Insights: Nuances of Expressing Relief in Japanese
Japanese culture values modesty and indirect communication. Pair 〜てよかった with humble phrases like おかげさまで (okagesama de, “thanks to you”) in formal settings:
- おかげさまで、準備してよかったです。
Okagesama de, junbi shite yokatta desu.
Thanks to you, I’m glad I prepared.
Summary
- 〜てよかった is a key Japanese grammar structure used to express relief or satisfaction about past actions.
- The positive form follows the pattern: Verb (て-form) + よかった, while the negative form is Verb (ない-form) + でよかった.
- It can also be applied to adjectives and nouns using でよかった.
- Related structures include 〜ばよかった, which expresses regret rather than relief.
- The phrase can be adjusted for different levels of politeness, making it useful in both casual and formal settings.
- Common mistakes include incorrect て-form conjugation and misusing it for future actions instead of past events.
- Cultural awareness is important, as 〜てよかった can sometimes imply unintended meanings depending on the context.
- With proper practice, learners can confidently integrate 〜てよかった into their daily conversations for more natural Japanese communication.
Final Thoughts
Mastering 〜てよかった empowers you to express relief naturally and authentically. Use this guide to practice, avoid pitfalls, and integrate this phrase into daily conversations. Pair it with immersion and advanced resources like Tobira for complete mastery. By internalizing these lessons, you’ll enhance both your linguistic skills and cultural fluency.
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
-
Using 〜てみる in Japanese | My Language Classes
Mastering 〜てみる in Japanese
If you’re learning Japanese, you’ve likely come across the phrase 〜てみる (te miru). This little-known but essential grammar point is a game-changer for expressing curiosity, experimentation, or trying something new.
In this extensive guide, we’ll reveal everything you need to know about 〜てみる, including its meaning, usage, and mind-blowing examples that will take your Japanese to the next level. Don’t miss out on this must-know Japanese grammar point—here’s why it’s so important!
What is 〜てみる in Japanese?
〜てみる is a Japanese grammar structure that combines the te-form of a verb with the auxiliary verb みる (miru), which means “to see” or “to try.” Together, 〜てみる translates to “try to do something” or “give something a try.” It’s used when you want to express the idea of experimenting with an action or attempting something for the first time.
For example:
- 食べてみる (tabete miru) – Try to eat / Give eating a try.
- 読んでみる (yonde miru) – Try to read / Give reading a try.
This structure is incredibly versatile and can be used in both casual and formal contexts. Whether you’re trying new food, testing a new skill, or experimenting with a hobby, 〜てみる is your go-to expression.
How to Use 〜てみる: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Conjugate the Verb into its Te-Form
To use 〜てみる, you first need to conjugate the verb into its te-form. Here’s a quick refresher on how to do that:
- Group 1 (U-verbs): Change the final -u sound to -te or -de (e.g., 書く → 書いて, 飲む → 飲んで).
- Group 2 (Ru-verbs): Replace る with て (e.g., 食べる → 食べて).
- Irregular Verbs: する → して, 来る → 来て (きて).
Step 2: Add みる
Once you have the te-form, simply add みる to the end of the verb. For example:
- 見る (miru) → 見てみる (mite miru) – Try to watch.
- 作る (tsukuru) → 作ってみる (tsukutte miru) – Try to make.
Step 3: Adjust for Politeness
In casual conversations, 〜てみる is perfectly fine. However, in formal situations, you can use 〜てみます (te mimasu) to sound more polite. For example:
- 食べてみます (tabete mimasu) – I will try to eat.
When to Use 〜てみる
1. Trying Something New
〜てみる is often used when you’re trying something for the first time. It conveys a sense of curiosity or experimentation.
- Example: この料理を食べてみたいです。
Romaji: Kono ryouri o tabete mitai desu.
Translation: I want to try this dish.
2. Testing an Idea or Hypothesis
You can also use 〜てみる to test an idea or see how something works.
- Example: この方法を試してみましょう。
Romaji: Kono houhou o tameshite mimashou.
Translation: Let’s try this method.
3. Encouraging Someone to Try Something
〜てみる is great for encouraging others to give something a try.
- Example: このゲームをやってみて！
Romaji: Kono geemu o yatte mite!
Translation: Try playing this game!
Nuances of 〜てみる vs. Other “Try” Expressions
〜てみる vs. 〜ようとする
While 〜てみる means “to try something to see how it is,” 〜ようとする means “to attempt to do something.”
- Example:
- 食べてみる (tabete miru) – Try eating (to see how it tastes).
- 食べようとする (tabeyou to suru) – Attempt to eat (but might not succeed).
〜てみる vs. 〜てみせる
〜てみせる means “to try something to show someone else.”
- Example:
- やってみる (yatte miru) – Try doing something.
- やってみせる (yatte miseru) – Try doing something to show someone.
Negative and Past Tense Forms of 〜てみる
Negative Form: 〜てみない
Use 〜てみない to say “not try” or 〜てみなかった to say “didn’t try.”
- Example:
- 食べてみない (tabete minai) – I won’t try eating.
- 食べてみなかった (tabete minakatta) – I didn’t try eating.
Past Tense: 〜てみた
Use 〜てみた to say “tried.”
- Example:
- 食べてみた (tabete mita) – I tried eating.
Casual vs. Polite Forms
Casual: 〜てみる
- Example: やってみる (yatte miru) – I’ll try doing it.
Polite: 〜てみます
- Example: やってみます (yatte mimasu) – I will try doing it.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Mistake 1: Confusing 〜てみる with 〜ておく
- Incorrect: 食べておく (tabete oku) – Eat in advance.
- Correct: 食べてみる (tabete miru) – Try eating.
Mistake 2: Using 〜てみる for Future Intentions
- Incorrect: 明日、食べてみる (ashita, tabete miru) – Tomorrow, I’ll try eating.
- Correct: 明日、食べてみたい (ashita, tabete mitai) – Tomorrow, I want to try eating.
Advanced Usage in Compound Sentences
With Conditionals (〜たら)
- Example: 食べてみたら、美味しかった (tabete mitara, oishikatta) – When I tried eating it, it was delicious.
With Conjunctions (〜ので、〜けど)
- Example: やってみたけど、難しかった (yatte mita kedo, muzukashikatta) – I tried doing it, but it was hard.
Cultural Context
In Japanese culture, 〜てみる is often used when trying new foods, activities, or experiences.
- Example: 日本の温泉に入ってみたい (Nihon no onsen ni haitte mitai) – I want to try entering a Japanese hot spring.
Example Sentences: 〜てみる in Action
Here are ten jaw-dropping example sentences that showcase the versatility of 〜てみる. Each sentence includes romaji and English translation to help you master this grammar point.
- この本を読んでみました。
Romaji: Kono hon o yonde mimashita.
Translation: I tried reading this book. - 新しいレストランに行ってみたい。
Romaji: Atarashii resutoran ni itte mitai.
Translation: I want to try going to the new restaurant. - このシャツを着てみてもいいですか？
Romaji: Kono shatsu o kite mite mo ii desu ka?
Translation: Can I try on this shirt? - 日本語で話してみてください。
Romaji: Nihongo de hanashite mite kudasai.
Translation: Please try speaking in Japanese. - この薬を飲んでみたら、元気になりました。
Romaji: Kono kusuri o nonde mitara, genki ni narimashita.
Translation: After trying this medicine, I felt better. - 彼のアドバイスを聞いてみました。
Romaji: Kare no adobaisu o kiite mimashita.
Translation: I tried listening to his advice. - このアプリを使ってみたら、便利でした。
Romaji: Kono apuri o tsukatte mitara, benri deshita.
Translation: When I tried using this app, it was convenient. - この映画を見てみたいと思っています。
Romaji: Kono eiga o mite mitai to omotte imasu.
Translation: I’m thinking of trying to watch this movie. - この方法を試してみたら、成功しました。
Romaji: Kono houhou o tameshite mitara, seikou shimashita.
Translation: When I tried this method, it worked. - このゲームをやってみたら、面白かったです。
Romaji: Kono geemu o yatte mitara, omoshirokatta desu.
Translation: When I tried playing this game, it was fun.
Fill in the Blanks: Test Your Knowledge
Now that you’ve learned about 〜てみる, it’s time to test your skills! Fill in the blanks with the correct form of 〜てみる.
- このケーキを__。 (食べる)
- あの映画を__。 (見る)
- 新しいカフェに__。 (行く)
- このシャツを__。 (着る)
- 日本語で__。 (話す)
- この方法を__。 (試す)
- 彼のアドバイスを__。 (聞く)
- このアプリを__。 (使う)
- この本を__。 (読む)
- このゲームを__。 (やる)
Answers to Fill in the Blanks
- 食べてみる
- 見てみる
- 行ってみる
- 着てみる
- 話してみる
- 試してみる
- 聞いてみる
- 使ってみる
- 読んでみる
- やってみる
Why 〜てみる is a Must-Know Grammar Point
Mastering 〜てみる is essential for anyone looking to achieve fluency in Japanese. It’s a versatile and practical grammar point that allows you to express curiosity, experimentation, and encouragement. By incorporating 〜てみる into your daily conversations, you’ll sound more natural and confident in Japanese.
Final Thoughts
The 〜てみる structure is a proven way to elevate your Japanese skills. Whether you’re trying new foods, testing out hobbies, or encouraging others, this grammar point is a must-know for every Japanese learner. Don’t make the mistake of overlooking it—start using 〜てみる today and watch your Japanese reach legendary levels!
Before it’s too late, practice the examples and fill-in-the-blank exercises in this guide. Guaranteed, you’ll see a breakthrough in your language mastery.
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
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Using 〜てばかりいるin Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding 〜てばかりいる in Japanese
Japanese is a language rich with nuance and subtle grammatical expressions. One such structure is 〜てばかりいる, a phrase used to indicate that someone is repeatedly or exclusively engaging in a specific action. In this post, we will explore the formation, meaning, nuances, and advanced usage of this structure. Additionally, we include example sentences, interactive exercises, and practice questions to help solidify your understanding. Whether you’re an advanced learner or new to Japanese grammar, this guide is designed to help you master 〜てばかりいる.
Table of Contents
- Introduction to 〜てばかりいる
- Structure and Formation
- Meaning and Nuances
- Usage in Daily Conversation
- Advanced Usage and Comparisons
- Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
- Example Sentences
- Fill in the Blanks Exercise
- Cultural Context and Practical Tips
- Conclusion
Introduction to 〜てばかりいる
Japanese learners often encounter the structure 〜てばかりいる when discussing habitual or exclusive behavior. This construction suggests that the subject is overly fixated on one action, usually implying a negative or unbalanced approach to life. For example, saying “彼はゲームをしてばかりいる” (He is always playing video games) criticizes someone for neglecting other responsibilities. In this post, we’ll break down its formation, explore how context can change its nuance, and offer practical examples to improve your fluency.
Structure and Formation
The structure 〜てばかりいる is relatively straightforward once you understand the building blocks of Japanese verbs. It involves the て-form of a verb, which is then followed by ばかりいる.
Formation Steps:
- Convert the Verb to て-form:
Start with the basic form of the verb and change it to the て-form.- For example: 食べる (taberu) becomes 食べて (tabete).
- Add ばかりいる:
Simply attach ばかりいる to the て-form of the verb to indicate continuous or exclusive repetition.- 食べて + ばかりいる = 食べてばかりいる (tabete bakari iru), which translates to “always eating” or “doing nothing but eating.”
Quick Example:
- Verb: 読む (yomu, to read)
- Transformation: 読んで (yonde)
- Full Expression: 読んでばかりいる (yonde bakari iru)
- Meaning: “Always reading” or “doing nothing but reading.”
This formation clearly indicates that the subject is repetitively engaging in the action to the exclusion of other activities.
Meaning and Nuances
While the basic meaning of 〜てばかりいる is “to do something all the time,” the context in which it is used can add different shades of meaning. Let’s look at the main nuances:
1. Negative or Critical Connotation
In many cases, 〜てばかりいる is used to criticize someone for engaging in an activity excessively. This suggests that the behavior is imbalanced or neglectful of other responsibilities.
Example:
- Japanese: 彼は仕事をせずに遊んでばかりいる。
- Romaji: Kare wa shigoto o sezu ni asonde bakari iru.
- English: “He is always playing instead of working.”
This sentence clearly criticizes the subject’s lack of productivity.
2. Neutral or Descriptive Usage
Occasionally, the expression might be used simply to describe a frequent behavior without an overt negative judgment. Context and tone determine whether the statement is a mere observation or a subtle critique.
Example:
- Japanese: 彼女は旅行してばかりいる。
- Romaji: Kanojo wa ryokou shite bakari iru.
- English: “She is always traveling.”
Depending on the speaker’s tone, this could be interpreted as a positive reflection on her lifestyle or a subtle lament about her lack of stability.
3. Emphasis on Monotony
Using 〜てばかりいる can also imply that the subject’s life is monotonous or lacking variety. This usage hints at a lifestyle where one activity overshadows all others, possibly leading to stagnation.
Usage in Daily Conversation
In everyday conversation, Japanese speakers frequently use 〜てばかりいる to comment on habitual behavior. Whether in casual talk among friends or in more formal critiques, this structure is versatile. Here are a few contextual scenarios:
Family and Friends
- Example: 兄は昼寝してばかりいる。
- Romaji: Ani wa hirune shite bakari iru.
- English: “My older brother is always taking naps.”
This might be used in a playful or critical tone among family members.
Workplace Critiques
- Example: 部長は会議で話してばかりいる。
- Romaji: Buchou wa kaigi de hanashite bakari iru.
- English: “The manager is always just talking in meetings.”
This comment could be made to express frustration about a lack of decisive action.
Social Media and Informal Writing
Many blog posts, social media updates, and informal reviews incorporate this structure to convey a sense of ongoing or one-dimensional behavior, making it a popular choice for digital communication.
Advanced Usage and Comparisons
While 〜てばかりいる is effective for indicating repetitive action, advanced learners might also encounter similar structures or alternative expressions that can convey subtle differences. Here are some comparisons:
1. 〜てばかりじゃなくて
This structure is used to indicate that not only is the subject engaged in one action, but they should also consider other activities.
Example:
- Japanese: 彼は勉強してばかりじゃなくて、運動もしなさい。
- Romaji: Kare wa benkyou shite bakari janakute, undou mo shinasai.
- English: “Not only do you study all the time, but also exercise.”
This form is often used to provide balanced advice.
2. 〜ているだけ
Although similar to 〜てばかりいる, this expression often lacks the critical nuance and focuses on the state or condition of doing something continuously.
Example:
- Japanese: 彼は仕事をしているだけだ。
- Romaji: Kare wa shigoto o shite iru dake da.
- English: “He is just working.”
Here, the speaker might be emphasizing that the subject is only working, without a judgment on the behavior.
3. Emphasis with 〜ばかりか
A related but different construction is 〜ばかりか, used to indicate “not only… but also.” While this is not directly interchangeable, understanding it can help clarify when to use 〜てばかりいる versus other patterns.
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
Learning any new structure can lead to common errors. Here are some mistakes learners often make with 〜てばかりいる and tips on how to avoid them:
1. Incorrect て-form Usage
Ensure that you correctly convert the main verb into its て-form before attaching ばかりいる. For example, forgetting to change the verb 食べる to 食べて is a common error.
2. Overuse in Positive Contexts
Because 〜てばかりいる carries a negative nuance by default, using it in a purely positive context can lead to misunderstandings. Instead, consider alternative expressions if your intention is to describe a positive habit.
3. Mixing up Similar Structures
Avoid confusing 〜てばかりいる with similar expressions like 〜ているだけ. Each structure has a distinct nuance, so practice using them in context to understand the differences.
4. Neglecting Contextual Cues
The tone of your conversation plays a vital role in how 〜てばかりいる is interpreted. Make sure your context (verbal cues, facial expressions, etc.) aligns with the intended meaning, especially when speaking with native speakers.
Example Sentences
Below are ten example sentences using 〜てばかりいる, each complete with romaji and English translations. These examples range from casual conversation to more formal critiques.
- Japanese: 彼は仕事をせずに遊んでばかりいる。
Romaji: Kare wa shigoto o sezu ni asonde bakari iru.
English: “He is always playing instead of working.” - Japanese: 子供たちはテレビを見てばかりいる。
Romaji: Kodomo-tachi wa terebi o mite bakari iru.
English: “The children are always watching TV.” - Japanese: 私は最近、食べてばかりいるので太った。
Romaji: Watashi wa saikin, tabete bakari iru node futotta.
English: “Recently, I’ve been eating all the time, so I gained weight.” - Japanese: 彼女はスマホをいじってばかりいる。
Romaji: Kanojo wa sumaho o ijitte bakari iru.
English: “She is always playing with her smartphone.” - Japanese: 彼は遅刻してばかりいるので、先生に怒られた。
Romaji: Kare wa chikoku shite bakari iru node, sensei ni okorareta.
English: “He is always late, so the teacher got angry.” - Japanese: 彼は漫画を読んでばかりいる。
Romaji: Kare wa manga o yonde bakari iru.
English: “He is always reading manga.” - Japanese: 最近、雨が降ってばかりいる。
Romaji: Saikin, ame ga futte bakari iru.
English: “Recently, it has been raining all the time.” - Japanese: 彼は文句を言ってばかりいる。
Romaji: Kare wa monku o itte bakari iru.
English: “He is always complaining.” - Japanese: 私は疲れているので寝てばかりいる。
Romaji: Watashi wa tsukarete iru node nete bakari iru.
English: “I am tired, so I am just sleeping all the time.” - Japanese: 彼女はお金を使ってばかりいる。
Romaji: Kanojo wa okane o tsukatte bakari iru.
English: “She is always spending money.”
Fill in the Blanks Exercise
Practice your understanding of 〜てばかりいる with these fill-in-the-blank questions. Choose the correct て-form of the verb to complete each sentence.
- 彼はスマホを ______ ばかりいる。
- 子供たちはお菓子を ______ ばかりいる。
- 私は最近、YouTubeを ______ ばかりいる。
- 彼は寝て ______ ばかりいる。
- 彼女は服を ______ ばかりいる。
- 私は映画を ______ ばかりいる。
- 彼はゲームを ______ ばかりいる。
- 彼女はSNSを ______ ばかりいる。
- 最近、彼は遅刻して ______ ばかりいる。
- 彼らは文句を ______ ばかりいる。
Answers:
- いじって
- 食べて
- 見て
- 寝て (Note: For consistency, make sure you are using the proper て-form for 寝る: 寝て)
- 買って
- 見て
- して
- 使って
- して
- 言って
Cultural Context and Practical Tips
Understanding 〜てばかりいる isn’t just about grammar—it’s also about grasping the cultural nuances of Japanese communication. Here are some practical insights:
Balancing Criticism and Politeness
Japanese culture values harmony and indirect expression. When you use 〜てばかりいる to criticize someone, be mindful of your tone. It’s often softened with context or additional comments to avoid coming off as too harsh. For example, you might say, “もっと休むことも大事だけど、勉強してばかりいるのは良くないね” (“It’s important to rest sometimes, but always just studying isn’t good either.”).
Using the Structure in Different Settings
- In the Workplace: Japanese work culture emphasizes diligence. Using 〜てばかりいる to comment on someone’s behavior in a work setting might be perceived as a critique on their productivity. Adjust your language accordingly.
- Among Friends: When chatting with friends, this structure can be used playfully. For instance, teasing a friend for constantly being on their phone can be lighthearted if the tone is right.
Enhancing Your Speaking Skills
Incorporate 〜てばかりいる into your daily conversations by describing not only your habits but also those of fictional characters or public figures. This practice will help you become more comfortable with the structure and its contextual implications.
Conclusion
The 〜てばかりいる structure is a powerful tool in the Japanese language. It allows speakers to comment on behavior with nuance, whether critiquing excessive habits or simply describing frequent actions. By understanding its formation, exploring its nuances, and practicing with a variety of exercises, you can gain both a technical and cultural mastery of this grammatical pattern.
Remember that language learning is a gradual process. Continue to practice with example sentences, engage in interactive exercises, and immerse yourself in native content to improve your fluency. As you grow more confident, try creating your own sentences and scenarios using 〜てばかりいる.
For those interested in more advanced topics, explore similar structures like 〜てばかりじゃなくて and 〜ているだけ, which can further refine your ability to express balanced thoughts in Japanese.
We hope this comprehensive guide has deepened your understanding of 〜てばかりいる. Stay tuned for more in-depth Japanese language lessons, tips, and cultural insights. If you found this post useful, please share it with fellow learners and subscribe for updates on new content!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
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Using 〜たまらない in Japanese | My Language Classes
Mastering the Japanese 〜たまらない: Expressing Overwhelming Emotions and Sensations
When learning Japanese, one of the most important aspects to master is expressing emotions and physical sensations naturally. The grammar pattern 〜たまらない is an essential expression that conveys strong emotions or irresistible feelings, such as happiness, pain, excitement, or discomfort.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the meaning, usage, and nuances of 〜たまらない with detailed explanations and practical examples. Whether you are preparing for the JLPT, improving your Japanese conversation skills, or simply enhancing your understanding of natural Japanese expressions, this article will help you integrate 〜たまらない into your speech effectively.
Let’s dive into the details and learn how to use 〜たまらない like a native Japanese speaker!
Common Expressions
- 暑くてたまらない。
(Atsukute tamaranai.) – It’s unbearably hot. - この映画は感動してたまらない。
(Kono eiga wa kandō shite tamaranai.) – This movie is incredibly moving. - お腹が空いてたまらない。
(Onaka ga suite tamaranai.) – I’m starving. - 彼の話は面白くてたまらない。
(Kare no hanashi wa omoshirokute tamaranai.) – His story is extremely interesting. - 頭が痛くてたまらない。
(Atama ga itakute tamaranai.) – I have a terrible headache. - この曲が好きでたまらない。
(Kono kyoku ga sukide tamaranai.) – I love this song so much. - 彼女に会いたくてたまらない。
(Kanojo ni aitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to see her. - 眠くてたまらない。
(Nemukute tamaranai.) – I’m extremely sleepy. - 早く旅行に行きたくてたまらない。
(Hayaku ryokō ni ikitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to go on a trip. - このケーキを食べたくてたまらない。
(Kono kēki o tabetakute tamaranai.) – I’m dying to eat this cake.
Usage of 〜たまらない
The grammar pattern 〜たまらない is used in various situations where one feels an overwhelming emotion, physical sensation, or uncontrollable desire. Here are the key usages with example sentences:
1. Expressing Strong Physical Sensations (Pain, Heat, Cold, Hunger, etc.)
Used when someone is experiencing an intense physical feeling that is almost unbearable.
🔹 Example:
- 寒くてたまらない。
(Samukute tamaranai.) – It’s unbearably cold. - 足が痛くてたまらない。
(Ashi ga itakute tamaranai.) – My legs hurt so much.
2. Expressing Strong Emotions (Happiness, Sadness, Excitement, etc.)
Used when emotions become so intense that the speaker cannot suppress them.
🔹 Example:
- 彼の優しさが嬉しくてたまらない。
(Kare no yasashisa ga ureshikute tamaranai.) – His kindness makes me so happy. - 試験に落ちて悔しくてたまらない。
(Shiken ni ochite kuyashikute tamaranai.) – I failed the exam, and I’m extremely frustrated.
3. Expressing a Strong Desire (Wanting to Do Something Badly)
Used when someone really wants to do something and finds it hard to wait.
🔹 Example:
- 家族に会いたくてたまらない。
(Kazoku ni aitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to see my family. - この本の続きが知りたくてたまらない。
(Kono hon no tsuzuki ga shiritakute tamaranai.) – I’m dying to know what happens next in this book.
4. Expressing an Irresistible Interest or Love
Used when the speaker finds something so interesting or lovable that they cannot help but be drawn to it.
🔹 Example:
- このアニメが好きでたまらない。
(Kono anime ga sukide tamaranai.) – I absolutely love this anime. - 彼の話が面白くてたまらない。
(Kare no hanashi ga omoshirokute tamaranai.) – His story is so funny that I can’t stop laughing.
5. Expressing an Uncontrollable Reaction (Crying, Laughing, etc.)
Used when someone cannot control their physical reactions due to emotions.
🔹 Example:
- 映画が感動的で涙が出てたまらない。
(Eiga ga kandō-teki de namida ga dete tamaranai.) – The movie was so touching that I couldn’t stop crying. - おかしくて笑えてたまらない。
(Okashikute waraete tamaranai.) – It’s so funny that I can’t stop laughing.
Conjugation of 〜たまらない
The grammar pattern 〜たまらない is typically attached to adjectives and verbs in the て-form to express strong emotions, physical sensations, or irresistible desires. Below is a detailed breakdown of its conjugation with verbs, nouns, and adjectives.
1. Conjugation with Verbs (る-verbs, う-verbs, and Irregular verbs)
For verbs, 〜たまらない is attached to the て-form of the verb.
(1) る-Verbs (Ichidan verbs)
These verbs drop る in their dictionary form and take てたまらない.
🔹 Example:
- 食べる (taberu) → 食べてたまらない
(Tabete tamaranai.) – I really want to eat (something). - 見る (miru) → 見たくてたまらない
(Mitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to watch (it).
(2) う-Verbs (Godan verbs)
For う-verbs, change the verb to its て-form, then attach たまらない.
🔹 Example:
- 会う (au) → 会いたくてたまらない
(Aitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to meet (someone). - 飲む (nomu) → 飲みたくてたまらない
(Nomitakute tamaranai.) – I really want to drink (something).
(3) Irregular Verbs (する and くる)
The verbs する and くる follow the same rule: convert them to their て-form and attach たまらない.
🔹 Example:
- 勉強する (benkyō suru) → 勉強したくてたまらない
(Benkyō shitakute tamaranai.) – I really want to study. - 来る (kuru) → 来たくてたまらない
(Kitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to come.
2. Conjugation with Nouns
To use 〜たまらない with nouns, we generally pair the noun with an adjective or a verb in て-form that describes the strong feeling.
🔹 Example:
- この映画が感動でたまらない。
(Kono eiga ga kandō de tamaranai.) – This movie is overwhelmingly emotional. - 彼の声が好きでたまらない。
(Kare no koe ga sukide tamaranai.) – I absolutely love his voice.
(Note: Direct use of nouns + たまらない is uncommon unless used in expressions like 好きでたまらない, 不安でたまらない, etc.)
3. Conjugation with Adjectives
There are two main types of adjectives in Japanese: い-adjectives and な-adjectives.
(1) い-Adjectives
For い-adjectives, replace い with くて, then add たまらない.
🔹 Example:
- 暑い (atsui) → 暑くてたまらない
(Atsukute tamaranai.) – It’s unbearably hot. - 眠い (nemui) → 眠くてたまらない
(Nemukute tamaranai.) – I’m extremely sleepy.
(2) な-Adjectives
For な-adjectives, replace な with で, then add たまらない.
🔹 Example:
- 心配な (shinpai na) → 心配でたまらない
(Shinpai de tamaranai.) – I’m extremely worried. - 退屈な (taikutsu na) → 退屈でたまらない
(Taikutsu de tamaranai.) – I’m unbearably bored.
Summary Table
Type Base Form 〜たまらない Form Example Sentence る-Verb 食べる (taberu) 食べてたまらない ケーキを食べてたまらない。 (I really want to eat the cake.) う-Verb 飲む (nomu) 飲みたくてたまらない コーヒーが飲みたくてたまらない。 (I really want to drink coffee.) する Verb 勉強する (benkyō suru) 勉強したくてたまらない 日本語を勉強したくてたまらない。 (I really want to study Japanese.) くる Verb 来る (kuru) 来たくてたまらない 早く友達の家に来たくてたまらない。 (I can’t wait to come to my friend’s house.) い-Adjective 暑い (atsui) 暑くてたまらない 今日は暑くてたまらない。 (It’s unbearably hot today.) な-Adjective 退屈な (taikutsu na) 退屈でたまらない この授業は退屈でたまらない。 (This class is unbearably boring.) Noun 好き (suki) 好きでたまらない この歌が好きでたまらない。 (I absolutely love this song.)
Grammar Rules of 〜たまらない
To effectively use 〜たまらない, it’s essential to understand its grammatical structure, restrictions, and nuances. Here are the key rules:
1. 〜たまらない Must Be Used with Subjective Feelings
- 〜たまらない is used only for personal emotions, sensations, and desires that the speaker directly experiences.
- It cannot be used to describe someone else’s feelings unless there is a clear indication that the speaker has direct evidence of their emotions (e.g., seeing them cry).
✅ Correct Example:
- 彼に会いたくてたまらない。
(Kare ni aitakute tamaranai.) – I really want to see him.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 彼は彼女に会いたくてたまらない。 (Wrong)
(Kare wa kanojo ni aitakute tamaranai.) – He really wants to see her. (Incorrect unless the speaker knows his feelings for sure.)
2. Often Used with Strong Sensory or Emotional Expressions
〜たまらない is commonly paired with words that describe physical sensations or emotions, such as:
- 痛い (itai – painful), 寒い (samui – cold), 暑い (atsui – hot)
- 眠い (nemui – sleepy), うれしい (ureshii – happy), 悔しい (kuyashii – frustrated)
- 会いたい (aitai – want to meet), 食べたい (tabetai – want to eat)
✅ Correct Example:
- 目がかゆくてたまらない。
(Me ga kayukute tamaranai.) – My eyes are unbearably itchy.
3. Cannot Be Used with Objective or Neutral Statements
Since 〜たまらない conveys a highly personal experience, it is not used for objective descriptions or general facts.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- この部屋は広くてたまらない。 (Wrong)
(Kono heya wa hirokute tamaranai.) – This room is extremely spacious. (Not a personal feeling, so incorrect.)
✅ Correct Example:
- この部屋は寒くてたまらない。
(Kono heya wa samukute tamaranai.) – This room is unbearably cold. (Personal experience, so correct.)
4. Often Used with the 〜たい Form to Express Uncontrollable Desire
When combined with 〜たい (want to do something), 〜たまらない expresses an overwhelming desire to do something.
✅ Correct Example:
- 映画を見たくてたまらない。
(Eiga o mitakute tamaranai.) – I really want to watch a movie.
5. Commonly Used with て-Form of Adjectives and Verbs
- い-Adjectives → Change い to くて + たまらない
- な-Adjectives → Change な to で + たまらない
- Verbs → Change to て-form + たまらない
✅ Correct Example:
- 友達に会いたくてたまらない。
(Tomodachi ni aitakute tamaranai.) – I can’t wait to meet my friend.
6. More Formal Alternative: 〜てしょうがない & 〜てならない
〜たまらない is a casual way to express strong feelings. For a more formal or literary tone, you can use:
- 〜てしょうがない (a bit more neutral, used in writing and speech)
- 〜てならない (even more formal, often used in writing)
✅ Example with 〜てしょうがない:
- この曲が気になってしょうがない。
(Kono kyoku ga ki ni natte shōganai.) – I can’t stop thinking about this song.
✅ Example with 〜てならない:
- 明日の面接が不安でならない。
(Ashita no mensetsu ga fuan de naranai.) – I’m extremely anxious about tomorrow’s interview.
Things to Keep in Mind When Using 〜たまらない
While 〜たまらない is a useful expression for strong emotions and sensations, there are a few tricky points, exceptions, and nuances that learners should be aware of. Below are important aspects to avoid mistakes and use it naturally.
1. Cannot Be Used for Third-Person’s Feelings (Unless There’s Evidence)
- 〜たまらない expresses personal feelings, so it cannot be directly applied to someone else’s emotions unless the speaker has strong evidence (e.g., seeing them cry, hearing them complain).
- If talking about someone else’s emotions, use expressions like 〜そう (looks like) or 〜らしい (apparently).
✅ Correct Example:
- 彼は寂しそうでたまらない。
(Kare wa sabishisō de tamaranai.) – He looks incredibly lonely.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 彼は寂しくてたまらない。 (Wrong unless you have proof of his feelings.)
2. Cannot Be Used for General Facts or Objective Statements
- 〜たまらない must be used for subjective feelings.
- You cannot use it for describing objective qualities of objects, places, or events.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- この映画は面白くてたまらない。 (Wrong)
(Kono eiga wa omoshirokute tamaranai.) – (Incorrect unless you’re emphasizing your own overwhelming excitement about it.)
✅ Correct Example:
- この映画が面白くてたまらない。 (Correct)
(Kono eiga ga omoshirokute tamaranai.) – This movie is so interesting that I can’t help but be excited. (Subjective experience)
3. Pay Attention to the Difference Between 〜たまらない, 〜てしょうがない, and 〜てならない
These three expressions are similar but have slightly different nuances:
Expression Meaning & Nuance Usage 〜たまらない Strongest personal emotion or sensation, used in casual speech Expresses overwhelming desire, pain, emotions, etc. 〜てしょうがない More neutral, often used in both writing and speech Used in daily life situations but slightly softer than たまらない 〜てならない More formal and literary, commonly used in writing Often used in serious contexts like books, articles, or formal speeches ✅ Example Sentences for Comparison:
- 会いたくてたまらない。 (Aitakute tamaranai.) – I really, really want to meet (someone). (Casual, very strong emotion)
- 会いたくてしょうがない。 (Aitakute shōganai.) – I really want to meet (someone). (More neutral, still strong but slightly softer)
- 会いたくてならない。 (Aitakute naranai.) – I have an uncontrollable urge to meet (someone). (More formal and literary)
4. Used Mostly in Spoken or Informal Writing
- 〜たまらない is more common in casual conversations or personal writing (like diaries, blogs, social media).
- In formal business emails, reports, or academic papers, 〜てならない or a different expression should be used.
✅ Where it’s appropriate:
✔️ Speaking with friends
✔️ Personal blog or diary
✔️ Social media (Twitter, Instagram, etc.)❌ Where it’s inappropriate:
🚫 Business emails
🚫 Official reports
🚫 Academic writing
5. Be Careful When Using It with Negative Adjectives
- When used with negative adjectives (like 怖い, 悲しい, 苦しい), 〜たまらない can sound exaggerated.
- Instead, 〜てならない is often more natural in such cases.
❌ Incorrect Example (too strong and unnatural):
- 悲しくてたまらない。 (Kanashikute tamaranai.) – (Technically correct, but sounds overly dramatic unless you’re deeply devastated.)
✅ Better Alternative:
- 悲しくてならない。 (Kanashikute naranai.) – I can’t help but feel sad. (More natural and commonly used in formal settings.)
6. Often Used in Fixed Phrases with Sensory or Emotional Words
Some adjectives and phrases are frequently used with 〜たまらない. Learning these common collocations will make your speech more natural.
✅ Common Expressions with 〜たまらない:
- 暑くてたまらない (Atsukute tamaranai) – It’s unbearably hot.
- 痛くてたまらない (Itakute tamaranai) – It hurts so much.
- 眠くてたまらない (Nemukute tamaranai) – I’m incredibly sleepy.
- 会いたくてたまらない (Aitakute tamaranai) – I really want to see (someone).
- 知りたくてたまらない (Shiritakute tamaranai) – I’m dying to know.
7. “Cannot Help But…” Meaning in Some Contexts
- 〜たまらない can sometimes imply an uncontrollable reaction (e.g., laughing, crying, feeling emotional).
- In these cases, it can be translated as “I can’t help but…”
✅ Example Sentences:
- 笑えてたまらない。
(Waraete tamaranai.) – I can’t stop laughing. / I can’t help but laugh. - この映画が感動的で涙が出てたまらない。
(Kono eiga ga kandō-teki de namida ga dete tamaranai.) – This movie is so touching that I can’t stop crying.
8. Be Careful with Different Conjugations of Adjectives and Verbs
- い-Adjectives: Change い → くて → たまらない
- な-Adjectives: Change な → で → たまらない
- Verbs: Change to たい-form or て-form → たまらない
✅ Correct Example:
- 暑い → 暑くてたまらない (Atsui → Atsukute tamaranai) – It’s unbearably hot.
- 好き → 好きでたまらない (Suki → Sukide tamaranai) – I love it so much.
- 会う → 会いたくてたまらない (Au → Aitakute tamaranai) – I really want to meet (someone).
Conclusion
Understanding 〜たまらない is essential for expressing intense emotions, sensations, and desires in Japanese. To master it:
✅ Use it only for personal feelings (unless you have proof of someone else’s emotions).
✅ Don’t use it for objective facts or neutral statements.
✅ Be mindful of formal vs. casual usage (use 〜てならない for formal situations).
✅ Learn common fixed phrases like 眠くてたまらない (I’m extremely sleepy) and 会いたくてたまらない (I really want to meet someone).By keeping these tricky points in mind, you’ll be able to use 〜たまらない naturally and confidently!
Example Sentences
- 彼に会いたくてたまらない。
Kare ni aitakute tamaranai.
I really, really want to see him. - この映画が面白くてたまらない。
Kono eiga ga omoshirokute tamaranai.
This movie is so interesting that I can’t help but be excited. - 暑くてたまらない。
Atsukute tamaranai.
It’s unbearably hot. - お腹が空いてたまらない。
Onaka ga suite tamaranai.
I’m starving. - 目がかゆくてたまらない。
Me ga kayukute tamaranai.
My eyes are unbearably itchy. - この曲が気になってたまらない。
Kono kyoku ga ki ni natte tamaranai.
I can’t stop thinking about this song. - 頭が痛くてたまらない。
Atama ga itakute tamaranai.
I have an unbearable headache. - 眠くてたまらない。
Nemukute tamaranai.
I’m incredibly sleepy. - 寒くてたまらない。
Samukute tamaranai.
It’s unbearably cold. - この仕事が大変でたまらない。
Kono shigoto ga taihen de tamaranai.
This job is overwhelmingly tough. - 彼のことが好きでたまらない。
Kare no koto ga suki de tamaranai.
I love him so much that I can’t stand it. - 会議が退屈でたまらない。
Kaigi ga taikutsu de tamaranai.
The meeting is unbearably boring. - 足が疲れてたまらない。
Ashi ga tsukarete tamaranai.
My legs are extremely tired. - ゲームをしたくてたまらない。
Gēmu o shitakute tamaranai.
I really want to play video games. - 彼女の笑顔が可愛くてたまらない。
Kanojo no egao ga kawaikute tamaranai.
Her smile is so cute that I can’t stand it. - 旅行に行きたくてたまらない。
Ryokō ni ikitakute tamaranai.
I really want to go on a trip. - 緊張してたまらない。
Kinchō shite tamaranai.
I’m so nervous I can’t stand it. - 新しいスマホが欲しくてたまらない。
Atarashii sumaho ga hoshikute tamaranai.
I really want a new smartphone. - この本が面白くてたまらない。
Kono hon ga omoshirokute tamaranai.
This book is so interesting that I can’t put it down. - 彼の冗談が面白くて笑えてたまらない。
Kare no jōdan ga omoshirokute waraete tamaranai.
His joke is so funny that I can’t stop laughing.
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of 〜たまらない to complete the sentences.
- 彼女に会いたくて _______。
- このカレーは辛くて _______。
- 朝から何も食べていないので、お腹が空いて _______。
- 目がかゆくて _______。
- 旅行に行きたくて _______。
- 仕事が忙しくて _______。
- この映画は感動的で涙が出て _______。
- 頭が痛くて _______。
- 彼のことが好きで _______。
- 早く週末になってほしくて _______。
Answers
- 彼女に会いたくてたまらない。
Kanojo ni aitakute tamaranai.
I really, really want to see her. - このカレーは辛くてたまらない。
Kono karē wa karakute tamaranai.
This curry is unbearably spicy. - 朝から何も食べていないので、お腹が空いてたまらない。
Asa kara nanimo tabete inai node, onaka ga suite tamaranai.
I haven’t eaten anything since morning, so I’m starving. - 目がかゆくてたまらない。
Me ga kayukute tamaranai.
My eyes are unbearably itchy. - 旅行に行きたくてたまらない。
Ryokō ni ikitakute tamaranai.
I really want to go on a trip. - 仕事が忙しくてたまらない。
Shigoto ga isogashikute tamaranai.
My work is so busy that I can’t stand it. - この映画は感動的で涙が出てたまらない。
Kono eiga wa kandō-teki de namida ga dete tamaranai.
This movie is so touching that I can’t stop crying. - 頭が痛くてたまらない。
Atama ga itakute tamaranai.
I have an unbearable headache. - 彼のことが好きでたまらない。
Kare no koto ga suki de tamaranai.
I love him so much that I can’t stand it. - 早く週末になってほしくてたまらない。
Hayaku shūmatsu ni natte hoshikute tamaranai.
I can’t wait for the weekend to come.
Summary
- 〜たまらない expresses an uncontrollable or intense feeling or state, such as strong emotions, physical sensations, or desires.
- It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to emphasize something that feels unbearable or overwhelming.
- The structure follows adjective (て-form) + たまらない or verb (たい-form → たくて) + たまらない.
- Nouns + でたまらない and な-adjectives (stem + でたまらない) are also used.
- It is often used to describe feelings such as happiness, pain, hunger, love, curiosity, and more.
- The phrase cannot be used for voluntary actions—only for emotions or involuntary states.
- Common alternative expressions include ～しょうがない and ～仕方がない, which carry similar meanings.
- Paying attention to the correct conjugation of adjectives, verbs, and nouns is essential when using 〜たまらない.
- Context plays a key role in determining whether the phrase expresses a physical sensation, an emotional state, or a strong desire.
- Understanding the nuances of 〜たまらない helps learners sound more natural in Japanese conversations.
Conclusion
Mastering 〜たまらない is crucial for anyone who wants to express strong emotions and sensations naturally in Japanese. Whether you’re feeling extreme excitement, unbearable pain, or overwhelming curiosity, this grammatical structure allows you to communicate your feelings effectively. By practicing common sentence patterns and understanding the correct usage, you’ll be able to incorporate 〜たまらない seamlessly into your conversations. Keep practicing with real-life examples, and soon, using 〜たまらない will feel as natural as expressing emotions in your native language!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
- 暑くてたまらない。
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Using 〜てしょうがない in Japanese | My Language Classes
Mastering 〜てしょうがない in Japanese: Expressing Strong Feelings and Emotions
When learning Japanese, you’ll often come across expressions that add depth to your sentences, making them sound more natural and fluent. One such essential grammatical pattern is 〜てしょうがない (〜te shōganai). This phrase is used to express overwhelming emotions or physical sensations, such as extreme happiness, sadness, tiredness, or even an unbearable desire to do something.
In English, 〜てしょうがない translates to:
- “I can’t help but…”
- “I feel so… that I can’t stand it.”
- “It’s unbearably…”
This structure is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese, and mastering it will make your conversations sound more natural and expressive.
In this guide, we’ll break down the meaning, usage, and variations of 〜てしょうがない, providing plenty of example sentences to help you understand how to use it effectively.
Let’s dive in!
Common Expressions Using 〜てしょうがない
- この映画は面白くてしょうがない。
Kono eiga wa omoshirokute shōganai.
This movie is so interesting that I can’t get enough of it. - 暑くてしょうがないから、早くエアコンをつけて！
Atsukute shōganai kara, hayaku eakon o tsukete!
It’s unbearably hot, so turn on the air conditioner quickly! - 彼のことが好きで好きでしょうがない。
Kare no koto ga sukide suki de shōganai.
I love him so much that I can’t help it. - 仕事が忙しくてしょうがない。
Shigoto ga isogashikute shōganai.
Work is so busy that I can’t stand it. - 朝から頭が痛くてしょうがない。
Asa kara atama ga itakute shōganai.
I’ve had a headache since morning, and it’s unbearable. - 旅行に行きたくてしょうがない。
Ryokō ni ikitakute shōganai.
I really want to go on a trip so badly. - お腹が空いてしょうがない。
Onaka ga suite shōganai.
I’m starving, and I can’t take it anymore. - 彼の言ったことが気になってしょうがない。
Kare no itta koto ga ki ni natte shōganai.
I can’t stop thinking about what he said. - 新しいスマホが欲しくてしょうがない。
Atarashii sumaho ga hoshikute shōganai.
I really want a new smartphone so badly. - 早く週末になってほしくてしょうがない。
Hayaku shūmatsu ni natte hoshikute shōganai.
I can’t wait for the weekend to come.
Usage of 〜てしょうがない
The grammatical pattern 〜てしょうがない is frequently used in everyday Japanese to express strong emotions, feelings, or physical states that are difficult to control. Below are some common ways to use this structure:
1. Expressing Physical or Emotional States
This is one of the most common uses of 〜てしょうがない, where it expresses feelings that are too strong to ignore.
- 嬉しくてしょうがない (ureshikute shōganai) – I’m so happy that I can’t help it.
- 悲しくてしょうがない (kanashikute shōganai) – I feel unbearably sad.
- 眠くてしょうがない (nemukute shōganai) – I’m so sleepy that I can’t stand it.
Example Sentence:
昨日ほとんど寝ていないから、眠くてしょうがない。
Kinō hotondo nete inai kara, nemukute shōganai.
I barely slept yesterday, so I’m unbearably sleepy.2. Expressing Strong Desires or Impulses
This form can also express an intense urge to do something.
- 会いたくてしょうがない (aitakute shōganai) – I want to see (someone) so badly.
- 食べたくてしょうがない (tabetakute shōganai) – I can’t help but want to eat (something).
- 遊びたくてしょうがない (asobitakute shōganai) – I’m dying to play/have fun.
Example Sentence:
日本のラーメンが美味しすぎて、また食べたくてしょうがない。
Nihon no rāmen ga oishisugite, mata tabetakute shōganai.
Japanese ramen is so delicious that I can’t help but want to eat it again.3. Expressing Uncontrollable Situations
Sometimes, this pattern is used to show that a situation is so extreme that it’s impossible to ignore.
- 気になってしょうがない (ki ni natte shōganai) – I can’t stop thinking about it.
- 痛くてしょうがない (itakute shōganai) – It hurts so much that I can’t bear it.
- 暑くてしょうがない (atsukute shōganai) – It’s unbearably hot.
Example Sentence:
明日の試験の結果が気になってしょうがない。
Ashita no shiken no kekka ga ki ni natte shōganai.
I can’t stop worrying about tomorrow’s exam results.4. Expressing Annoyance or Frustration
This grammar can also be used to express a strong negative feeling, such as irritation or discomfort.
- うるさくてしょうがない (urusakute shōganai) – It’s unbearably noisy.
- めんどくさくてしょうがない (mendokusakute shōganai) – It’s such a hassle.
- 時間がかかってしょうがない (jikan ga kakatte shōganai) – It takes way too long.
Example Sentence:
この道路工事の音がうるさくてしょうがない。
Kono dōrokōji no oto ga urusakute shōganai.
The sound of this road construction is unbearably noisy.5. Expressing an Overwhelming Physical Sensation
This structure can describe intense bodily sensations that are difficult to bear.
- 寒くてしょうがない (samukute shōganai) – It’s freezing cold.
- 喉が渇いてしょうがない (nodo ga kawaite shōganai) – I’m extremely thirsty.
- かゆくてしょうがない (kayukute shōganai) – It’s unbearably itchy.
Example Sentence:
冬の夜は寒くてしょうがないから、厚着をしなきゃ。
Fuyu no yoru wa samukute shōganai kara, atsugi o shinakya.
Winter nights are freezing, so I have to wear extra layers.6. Expressing a Strong Need for Something
It can also be used when expressing an intense need or necessity.
- お金がなくてしょうがない (okane ga nakute shōganai) – I have no money, and it’s a big problem.
- 仕事を見つけなくてしょうがない (shigoto o mitsukenakute shōganai) – I have to find a job, no matter what.
- トイレに行きたくてしょうがない (toire ni ikitakute shōganai) – I really need to go to the restroom.
Example Sentence:
会議の途中でトイレに行きたくてしょうがなかった。
Kaigi no tochū de toire ni ikitakute shōganakatta.
During the meeting, I really needed to go to the restroom.7. Expressing Enthusiasm or Excitement
This grammar is also useful when showing excessive excitement or eagerness.
- 発表するのが楽しみでしょうがない (happyō suru no ga tanoshimi de shōganai) – I’m so excited to present.
- 新しいゲームがやりたくてしょうがない (atarashii gēmu ga yaritakute shōganai) – I can’t wait to play the new game.
- 誕生日が待ち遠しくてしょうがない (tanjōbi ga machidōshikute shōganai) – I can’t wait for my birthday.
Example Sentence:
来週の旅行が楽しみでしょうがない。
Raishū no ryokō ga tanoshimi de shōganai.
I’m so excited about next week’s trip.
Conjugation of 〜てしょうがない
The pattern 〜てしょうがない is attached to the て-form (te-form) of verbs, as well as adjectives and certain noun-based expressions. Here’s how to conjugate it properly:
1. Conjugation with Verbs (動詞)
Since 〜てしょうがない is attached to the て-form of verbs, we must first correctly conjugate the verbs into their て-form.
Group 1 (五段動詞 / Godan Verbs -u Verbs)
For Godan verbs, the conjugation follows these rules:
Verb (Dictionary Form) て-form 〜てしょうがない Form Meaning 書く (kaku) 書いて 書いてしょうがない I can’t stop writing. 飲む (nomu) 飲んで 飲んでしょうがない I really want to drink. 話す (hanasu) 話して 話してしょうがない I can’t stop talking. 待つ (matsu) 待って 待ってしょうがない I can’t bear waiting. 歩く (aruku) 歩いて 歩いてしょうがない I can’t help but keep walking. Example Sentence:
彼からのメッセージを待ってしょうがない。
Kare kara no messeeji o matte shōganai.
I can’t bear waiting for his message.
Group 2 (一段動詞 / Ichidan Verbs -ru Verbs)
For Ichidan verbs, simply remove る and add て.
Verb (Dictionary Form) て-form 〜てしょうがない Form Meaning 食べる (taberu) 食べて 食べてしょうがない I really want to eat. 見る (miru) 見て 見てしょうがない I can’t stop watching. 寝る (neru) 寝て 寝てしょうがない I feel unbearably sleepy. Example Sentence:
昨日ほとんど寝ていないから、眠くてしょうがない。
Kinō hotondo nete inai kara, nemukute shōganai.
I barely slept yesterday, so I’m unbearably sleepy.
Group 3 (Irregular Verbs / 不規則動詞)
Verb (Dictionary Form) て-form 〜てしょうがない Form Meaning する (suru) して してしょうがない I can’t stop doing (something). 来る (kuru) 来て (きて) 来てしょうがない I can’t help but come. Example Sentence:
JLPTのために勉強してしょうがない。
JLPT no tame ni benkyōshite shōganai.
I can’t stop studying for the JLPT.
2. Conjugation with Adjectives (形容詞)
i-Adjectives (い形容詞)
For i-adjectives, remove い and replace it with くてしょうがない.
Adjective 〜くてしょうがない Form Meaning 嬉しい (ureshii) 嬉しくてしょうがない I’m so happy that I can’t stand it. 悲しい (kanashii) 悲しくてしょうがない I feel unbearably sad. 恥ずかしい (hazukashii) 恥ずかしくてしょうがない I’m unbearably embarrassed. Example Sentence:
彼に褒められて、嬉しくてしょうがない。
Kare ni homerarete, ureshikute shōganai.
He praised me, and I’m so happy that I can’t help it.
na-Adjectives (な形容詞)
For na-adjectives, replace な with でしょうがない.
Adjective 〜でしょうがない Form Meaning 退屈な (taikutsu na) 退屈でしょうがない I’m extremely bored. 心配な (shinpai na) 心配でしょうがない I’m terribly worried. 大変な (taihen na) 大変でしょうがない It’s unbearably tough. Example Sentence:
飛行機が遅れて、心配でしょうがない。
Hikōki ga okurete, shinpai de shōganai.
The flight is delayed, and I’m terribly worried.
3. Conjugation with Nouns (名詞)
For nouns, the structure follows this pattern:
🔹 Noun + でしょうがないNoun 〜でしょうがない Form Meaning 暇 (hima) 暇でしょうがない I’m unbearably bored. 不安 (fuan) 不安でしょうがない I’m extremely anxious. 幸せ (shiawase) 幸せでしょうがない I’m overwhelmingly happy. Example Sentence:
週末は予定がなくて、暇でしょうがない。
Shūmatsu wa yotei ga nakute, hima de shōganai.
I have no plans this weekend, and I’m unbearably bored.Note:
- てしょうがない is commonly used in spoken and written Japanese but sounds more formal than てたまらない (which has a similar meaning).
- しょうがない is sometimes replaced with 仕方がない (shikata ga nai) in more formal or written contexts.
Example:
この問題は難しくてしょうがない。
Kono mondai wa muzukashikute shōganai.
This problem is incredibly difficult.🔹 More formal:
この問題は難しくて仕方がない。
Kono mondai wa muzukashikute shikata ga nai.
This problem is extremely difficult (in a more formal tone).
Grammar Rules of 〜てしょうがない
The grammar pattern 〜てしょうがない is used to express a strong, often uncontrollable feeling or reaction towards something. It conveys emotions, sensations, or states of being that are so overwhelming that they cannot be ignored. Below are the essential grammar rules associated with this pattern.
1. Basic Structure
The 〜てしょうがない pattern attaches to the て-form of verbs, い-adjectives, な-adjectives, and certain nouns to express an uncontrollable or intense feeling.
Structure:
- Verb (て-form) + しょうがない
- い-adjective (くて-form) + しょうがない
- な-adjective (で-form) + しょうがない
- Noun + でしょうがない
2. Usage Rules by Word Type
A. Verbs (動詞) + てしょうがない
Used when the subject has a strong desire, urge, or unavoidable reaction to do something.
✅ Rule: Convert the verb into て-form and add しょうがない.
Example Sentences:
- 彼女のことを考えてしょうがない。
Kanojo no koto o kangaete shōganai.
I can’t stop thinking about her. - このドラマが面白くて、見てしょうがない。
Kono dorama ga omoshirokute, mite shōganai.
This drama is so interesting that I can’t stop watching it.
B. い-Adjectives (い形容詞) + くてしょうがない
Used to express overwhelming emotions or physical sensations.
✅ Rule: Change the い-adjective to its くて-form and attach しょうがない.
Example Sentences:
- 旅行が楽しみで、嬉しくてしょうがない。
Ryokō ga tanoshimi de, ureshikute shōganai.
I’m so excited about the trip that I can’t contain myself. - 一日中歩いたので、疲れてしょうがない。
Ichinichijū aruita node, tsukarete shōganai.
I walked all day, so I’m extremely tired.
C. な-Adjectives (な形容詞) + でしょうがない
Used to express overwhelming emotions related to な-adjectives.
✅ Rule: Change な-adjective into its で-form and attach しょうがない.
Example Sentences:
- 会議の結果が気になって、心配でしょうがない。
Kaigi no kekka ga ki ni natte, shinpai de shōganai.
I’m so worried about the meeting’s outcome that I can’t stand it. - 長い待ち時間が退屈でしょうがない。
Nagai machijikan ga taikutsu de shōganai.
The long wait is unbearably boring.
D. Nouns (名詞) + でしょうがない
Used with certain nouns (mainly emotions or physical states) to express an uncontrollable feeling.
✅ Rule: Use Noun + でしょうがない when the noun itself represents an emotional or physical condition.
Example Sentences:
- 最近、試験のことが不安でしょうがない。
Saikin, shiken no koto ga fuan de shōganai.
Recently, I’m extremely anxious about the exam. - 今日は何もやることがなくて、暇でしょうがない。
Kyō wa nani mo yaru koto ga nakute, hima de shōganai.
I have nothing to do today, and I’m unbearably bored.
3. Situations Where 〜てしょうがない Is Used
- Strong Emotions (Happiness, Sadness, Worry, Embarrassment, etc.)
- 試験が終わって、嬉しくてしょうがない。
(I’m so happy that the exam is over.)
- 試験が終わって、嬉しくてしょうがない。
- Physical Sensations (Pain, Hunger, Fatigue, etc.)
- 朝から何も食べていないので、お腹が空いてしょうがない。
(I haven’t eaten anything since morning, so I’m starving.)
- 朝から何も食べていないので、お腹が空いてしょうがない。
- Uncontrollable Urges (Curiosity, Desire, Interest, etc.)
- その映画の結末が気になって、知りたくてしょうがない。
(I’m so curious about the movie’s ending that I can’t wait to know.)
- その映画の結末が気になって、知りたくてしょうがない。
- Involuntary Actions or States (Forgetting, Thinking, Wishing, etc.)
- 彼のことが気になってしょうがない。
(I can’t stop thinking about him.)
- 彼のことが気になってしょうがない。
4. Alternative Expressions
🔹 てたまらない vs. てしょうがない
Grammar Pattern Meaning Usage Difference 〜てしょうがない Uncontrollable feelings/emotions Used in spoken and written Japanese, slightly formal 〜てたまらない Unbearable (stronger) More emotional and personal, often used in spoken language Example Sentences:
- この本は面白くてしょうがない。
(This book is so interesting that I can’t stop reading.) - この本は面白くてたまらない。
(This book is unbearably interesting!)
🔹 て仕方がない vs. てしょうがない
Grammar Pattern Meaning Usage Difference 〜てしょうがない Uncontrollable emotions Slightly more common in everyday conversation 〜て仕方がない Unavoidable, inevitable More formal and often used in writing Example Sentences:
- 最近、眠くてしょうがない。
(Lately, I feel incredibly sleepy.) - 最近、眠くて仕方がない。
(Lately, I can’t help but feel sleepy.)
5. Key Points to Remember
✅ Use only for first-person emotions or actions.
🚫 Not used for general facts or third-person emotions unless their feelings are evident.Correct:
- 彼の話が面白くて笑ってしょうがない。
(His story was so funny that I couldn’t stop laughing.)
Incorrect:
- 彼は笑ってしょうがない。(❌)
(He can’t stop laughing – Incorrect unless you specify why.)
Things to Keep in Mind for 〜てしょうがない
When using 〜てしょうがない, there are certain tricky points, exceptions, and important nuances that learners need to pay attention to. Below are key points that will help you use this grammar pattern correctly and naturally.
1. Used Mainly for First-Person (Self-Expression)
Since 〜てしょうがない expresses strong emotions or sensations, it is typically used for the speaker (first-person).
🚫 Incorrect:
- 彼は退屈でしょうがない。 (❌)
He is unbearably bored. (Incorrect because you cannot directly state someone else’s emotions.)
✅ Correct:
- （私は）退屈でしょうがない。 (✔️)
(I am unbearably bored.)
🔹 How to Express Third-Person Feelings?
If you want to describe someone else’s emotions, use an observable clue like ～ようだ, ～らしい, or ～みたい.✔ 彼は退屈でしょうがないようだ。
(It seems like he is unbearably bored.)✔ 彼女は寂しくてしょうがないらしい。
(It appears that she is unbearably lonely.)
2. More Common in Spoken Language
While 〜てしょうがない is grammatically correct in both written and spoken Japanese, it is more commonly used in daily conversation rather than formal writing.
✔ Spoken Example:
- 最近、疲れてしょうがないよ。
(Lately, I’ve been feeling extremely tired.)
✔ Formal/Written Alternative:
- 最近、とても疲れている。
(Lately, I’ve been very tired.)
🔹 Alternatives for Formal Writing:
If you need a more formal tone, you can use ～て仕方がない or ～てたまらない, which fit well in written texts.✔ 最近、眠くて仕方がない。 (More formal than 〜てしょうがない)
✔ 最近、眠くてたまらない。 (Stronger than 〜てしょうがない, used in both spoken and written form.)
3. Common Verbs That Are Unnatural with 〜てしょうがない
Not all verbs naturally fit with 〜てしょうがない. This pattern is best suited for emotions, physical sensations, and uncontrollable urges.
🚫 Awkward Example:
- この映画を見てしょうがない。 (❌)
(I can’t help but watch this movie.) (Sounds unnatural)
✅ Better Version:
- この映画が気になってしょうがない。 (✔️)
(I can’t stop thinking about this movie.)
✔ Use with feelings, sensations, and states:
- 悲しくてしょうがない。 (I’m unbearably sad.)
- 恥ずかしくてしょうがない。 (I’m extremely embarrassed.)
- 喉が渇いてしょうがない。 (I’m terribly thirsty.)
4. Negative Form (Not Commonly Used in Negative Sentences)
While 〜てしょうがない is used to emphasize strong emotions, it is rarely used in negative sentences because the meaning becomes unnatural.
🚫 Incorrect Negative Example:
- 彼がいなくて寂しくなくてしょうがない。 (❌)
(I’m not lonely at all without him.) (Unnatural expression)
✅ Alternative Way to Express Negation:
Instead of negating the sentence, rephrase it with an adjective or verb that conveys a natural meaning.✔ 彼がいなくても平気でしょうがない。
(I don’t mind at all that he’s gone.)✔ この問題は簡単すぎて、考えなくてもしょうがない。
(This problem is too easy, so there’s no need to think about it.)
5. Avoid Using It for Logical Statements
Since 〜てしょうがない expresses subjective emotions and physical sensations, it cannot be used for logical, factual, or objective statements.
🚫 Incorrect Logical Statement:
- この町は静かでしょうがない。 (❌)
(This town is extremely quiet.) (Unnatural because “quiet” is a factual observation, not a strong emotion.)
✅ Correct Subjective Statement:
- この町は静かすぎて退屈でしょうがない。 (✔️)
(This town is too quiet, and it’s unbearably boring.)
6. Be Careful with Overuse in Writing
While 〜てしょうがない is a useful expression, overusing it in writing can make your text sound repetitive and informal. Consider varying your expressions for better flow.
✔ Variation Examples:
- 気になってしょうがない → 気になって仕方がない (More formal)
- 悲しくてしょうがない → 悲しくてたまらない (Stronger emotion)
7. When Expressing a Reason, Be Mindful of Context
When using 〜てしょうがない, it is often clear why the feeling is occurring. However, if the reason is not obvious, you should explicitly state it.
🚫 Vague Sentence:
- 寂しくてしょうがない。 (I feel unbearably lonely.) (Why?)
✅ Better Sentence with Context:
- 一人暮らしを始めたばかりで、寂しくてしょうがない。 (✔️)
(I just started living alone, and I feel unbearably lonely.)
8. Be Mindful of Overly Dramatic Usage
Since 〜てしょうがない expresses strong emotions, overusing it in casual situations can sound overly dramatic or exaggerated.
🚫 Too Dramatic for a Casual Feeling:
- 昼ごはんが待ち遠しくてしょうがない。 (❌)
(I can’t wait for lunch!) (Sounds overly dramatic for a simple desire.)
✅ More Natural Alternative:
- 昼ごはんが楽しみだ。 (✔️)
(I’m looking forward to lunch.)
✔ Use 〜てしょうがない for STRONG emotions:
- 試験の結果が気になってしょうがない。 (I can’t stop thinking about my exam results.)
- この仕事が大変で、ストレスが溜まってしょうがない。 (This job is so tough that I feel extremely stressed.)
Key Takeaways
✅ Use for strong emotions, sensations, and urges.
✅ Typically used for first-person feelings.
✅ More common in spoken language than formal writing.
✅ Be mindful of verb and adjective compatibility.
✅ Avoid using in factual or logical statements.
✅ Be cautious of overuse in casual situations.
Example Sentences
- 昨日から頭が痛くてしょうがない。
Kinō kara atama ga itakute shōganai.
(I’ve had a terrible headache since yesterday.) - 彼女に会いたくてしょうがない。
Kanojo ni aitakute shōganai.
(I can’t help but want to see her.) - 試験の結果が気になってしょうがない。
Shiken no kekka ga ki ni natte shōganai.
(I’m extremely anxious about my exam results.) - この映画が面白くてしょうがない。
Kono eiga ga omoshirokute shōganai.
(This movie is so interesting that I can’t stop thinking about it.) - 仕事が忙しくてしょうがない。
Shigoto ga isogashikute shōganai.
(Work is unbearably busy.) - 今日は眠くてしょうがない。
Kyō wa nemukute shōganai.
(I’m unbearably sleepy today.) - 最近ストレスが溜まってしょうがない。
Saikin sutoresu ga tamatte shōganai.
(Lately, my stress has been unbearable.) - 彼のことを考えると、嬉しくてしょうがない。
Kare no koto o kangaeru to, ureshikute shōganai.
(Thinking about him makes me unbearably happy.) - こんな寒い日は温かいスープが飲みたくてしょうがない。
Konna samui hi wa atatakai sūpu ga nomitakute shōganai.
(On such a cold day, I can’t help but want to drink warm soup.) - 最近、食欲がなくてしょうがない。
Saikin, shokuyoku ga nakute shōganai.
(Lately, I have no appetite, and it’s really bothering me.) - 一人暮らしを始めたばかりで、寂しくてしょうがない。
Hitorigurashi o hajimeta bakari de, sabishikute shōganai.
(I just started living alone, and I feel unbearably lonely.) - 彼の冗談が面白くてしょうがなかった。
Kare no jōdan ga omoshirokute shōganakatta.
(His joke was so funny I couldn’t stop laughing.) - この曲が頭から離れなくてしょうがない。
Kono kyoku ga atama kara hanarenakute shōganai.
(I can’t get this song out of my head.) - 旅行に行きたくてしょうがない。
Ryokō ni ikitakute shōganai.
(I can’t wait to go on a trip.) - あの時の失敗が恥ずかしくてしょうがない。
Ano toki no shippai ga hazukashikute shōganai.
(That mistake from before is unbearably embarrassing.) - 喉が渇いてしょうがないから、水を飲もう。
Nodo ga kawaite shōganai kara, mizu o nomou.
(I’m unbearably thirsty, so I’ll drink some water.) - 先生に褒められて嬉しくてしょうがない。
Sensei ni homerarete ureshikute shōganai.
(I’m unbearably happy because my teacher praised me.) - 目がかゆくてしょうがない。
Me ga kayukute shōganai.
(My eyes are unbearably itchy.) - 彼の話を聞いて、腹が立ってしょうがない。
Kare no hanashi o kiite, hara ga tatte shōganai.
(Hearing his story made me unbearably angry.) - 好きなアニメの新しいエピソードが楽しみでしょうがない。
Suki na anime no atarashī episōdo ga tanoshimi de shōganai.
(I’m really looking forward to the new episode of my favorite anime.)
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of 〜てしょうがない based on the given verb, adjective, or noun in parentheses.
- 試験の結果が________。（気になる）
- 今日は朝から________。（眠い）
- 彼に会いたくて________。（会う）
- 最近、仕事が忙しくて________。（忙しい）
- 喉が渇いて________。（渇く）
- 大好きな映画の続編が楽しみで________。（楽しみ）
- 友達と話したくて________。（話す）
- 一人暮らしを始めて、寂しくて________。（寂しい）
- 彼の冗談が面白くて________。（面白い）
- 目がかゆくて________。（かゆい）
Answers
- 試験の結果が 気になってしょうがない。
Shiken no kekka ga ki ni natte shōganai.
(I’m extremely anxious about my exam results.) - 今日は朝から 眠くてしょうがない。
Kyō wa asa kara nemukute shōganai.
(I’ve been unbearably sleepy since this morning.) - 彼に 会いたくてしょうがない。
Kare ni aitakute shōganai.
(I can’t help but want to see him.) - 最近、仕事が 忙しくてしょうがない。
Saikin, shigoto ga isogashikute shōganai.
(Lately, work has been unbearably busy.) - 喉が 渇いてしょうがない。
Nodo ga kawaite shōganai.
(I’m unbearably thirsty.) - 大好きな映画の続編が 楽しみでしょうがない。
Daisuki na eiga no zokuhen ga tanoshimi de shōganai.
(I’m really looking forward to the sequel of my favorite movie.) - 友達と 話したくてしょうがない。
Tomodachi to hanashitakute shōganai.
(I can’t help but want to talk to my friends.) - 一人暮らしを始めて、 寂しくてしょうがない。
Hitorigurashi o hajimete, sabishikute shōganai.
(Since I started living alone, I feel unbearably lonely.) - 彼の冗談が 面白くてしょうがない。
Kare no jōdan ga omoshirokute shōganai.
(His joke was so funny I couldn’t stop laughing.) - 目が かゆくてしょうがない。
Me ga kayukute shōganai.
(My eyes are unbearably itchy.)
Summary
- 〜てしょうがない is a Japanese grammar pattern used to express an uncontrollable or extreme feeling, condition, or situation.
- It translates to “can’t help but,” “extremely,” or “unbearably” in English.
- It is commonly used with adjectives, verbs, and some nouns to describe strong emotions, physical sensations, or states of being.
- Formation:
- い-adjective: Drop い → Add くてしょうがない (e.g., 眠い → 眠くてしょうがない)
- な-adjective: Add でしょうがない (e.g., 好き → 好きでしょうがない)
- Verb (て-form) + しょうがない (e.g., 会う → 会いたくてしょうがない)
- Noun + でしょうがない (Only certain nouns)
- Common Situations for Usage:
- Expressing strong emotions (happiness, sadness, loneliness)
- Physical sensations (pain, itchiness, thirst)
- Uncontrollable urges (wanting to do something)
- Psychological states (worry, anxiety, curiosity)
- Things to Keep in Mind:
- It is more commonly used in spoken Japanese rather than formal writing.
- It is not suitable for polite business situations.
- Some verbs and nouns cannot be naturally used with this pattern.
- Examples:
- 彼女に会いたくてしょうがない。 (I can’t help but want to see her.)
- 試験の結果が気になってしょうがない。 (I’m extremely anxious about my exam results.)
- 今日は眠くてしょうがない。 (I’m unbearably sleepy today.)
This grammar point is a useful way to express strong emotions and sensations in natural Japanese conversation!
Conclusion
Mastering 〜てしょうがない will significantly enhance your ability to express strong emotions and physical sensations naturally in Japanese. Whether you want to convey excitement, frustration, or an irresistible urge, this grammar pattern helps bring your thoughts to life in an authentic way. Since it is commonly used in daily conversations, incorporating it into your speech will make you sound more fluent and natural.
As you continue learning Japanese, try to use 〜てしょうがない in different situations, observe how native speakers use it, and practice with real-life examples. With consistent practice, you will gain confidence in using this expressive grammar point effortlessly.
Keep exploring new grammar structures, and soon, Japanese will feel even more natural to you.
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
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Using 〜てからでないとin Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding the Japanese Grammar Pattern 〜てからでないと
The Japanese grammatical pattern 〜てからでないと is a crucial structure that conveys a conditional dependency—meaning “unless A happens, B cannot happen.” It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese, making it an essential pattern for learners aiming to achieve fluency.
This post will delve into its usage, conjugation, grammar rules, tricky points, and examples, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of this structure.
Common Expressions
The structure 〜てからでないと is often used in expressions like:
- 勉強してからでないと、試験に合格できない。
Benkyou shite kara de nai to, shiken ni goukaku dekinai.
(Unless you study, you cannot pass the exam.) - 許可をもらってからでないと、この部屋に入れません。
Kyoka o moratte kara de nai to, kono heya ni hairemasen.
(Unless you get permission, you cannot enter this room.)
Usage of 〜てからでないと
This structure is primarily used in the following situations:
- Conditions or Prerequisites: Expresses that something must be completed first before another action can occur.
- 例: 食事をしてからでないと、薬を飲めません。
Shokuji o shite kara de nai to, kusuri o nomemasen.
(You cannot take the medicine unless you eat first.)
- 例: 食事をしてからでないと、薬を飲めません。
- Warnings or Restrictions: Indicates something that is prohibited or impossible before a certain action.
- 例: 確認してからでないと、申し込めません。
Kakunin shite kara de nai to, moushikome masen.
(Unless you confirm, you cannot apply.)
- 例: 確認してからでないと、申し込めません。
- General Causality: Used to express a cause-and-effect relationship where one action is necessary for another to take place.
- 例: 運転免許を取ってからでないと、車を運転できません。
Unten menkyo o totte kara de nai to, kuruma o unten dekimasen.
(You cannot drive a car unless you get a driver’s license.)
- 例: 運転免許を取ってからでないと、車を運転できません。
Conjugation Rules
To form 〜てからでないと, conjugate the verb into its て-form:
Verb Conjugation
- Group 1 (五段動詞 / Godan Verbs)
- 書く → 書いて → 書いてからでないと (Unless you write…)
- 飲む → 飲んで → 飲んでからでないと (Unless you drink…)
- Group 2 (一段動詞 / Ichidan Verbs)
- 見る → 見て → 見てからでないと (Unless you see…)
- 食べる → 食べて → 食べてからでないと (Unless you eat…)
- Group 3 (Irregular Verbs)
- する → して → してからでないと (Unless you do…)
- 来る → 来て → 来てからでないと (Unless you come…)
Nouns & Adjectives
- Nouns: 試験の結果を見てからでないと、次のステップに進めません。
(Unless you see the test results, you cannot proceed to the next step.) - Adjectives: 安全であることを確認してからでないと、出発できません。
(Unless we confirm it’s safe, we cannot depart.)
Grammar Rules
- The first clause (A) must be completed before the second clause (B) can occur.
- The second clause often includes phrases like 〜できない, 〜ません, 〜しない.
- This pattern is mostly used in negative contexts or restrictions.
Things to Keep in Mind
- It is NOT interchangeable with 〜たあとで. The latter simply means “after,” while 〜てからでないと emphasizes necessity.
- The second clause cannot be in past tense.
Example Sentences
- 日本語を勉強してからでないと、日本に留学するのは難しいです。
Romaji: Nihongo o benkyou shite kara denai to, Nihon ni ryuugaku suru no wa muzukashii desu.
English: Unless you study Japanese first, studying abroad in Japan will be difficult. - 宿題を終えてからでないと、ゲームをしてはいけません。
Romaji: Shukudai o oete kara denai to, geemu o shite wa ikemasen.
English: You can’t play games unless you finish your homework first. - 契約書を読んでからでないと、サインはできません。
Romaji: Keiyakusho o yonde kara denai to, sain wa dekimasen.
English: You can’t sign unless you read the contract first. - 健康診断を受けてからでないと、この会社では働けません。
Romaji: Kenkou shindan o ukete kara denai to, kono kaisha de wa hatarakemasen.
English: You can’t work at this company unless you have a health checkup first. - 許可をもらってからでないと、この部屋には入れません。
Romaji: Kyoka o moratte kara denai to, kono heya ni wa hairemasen.
English: You can’t enter this room unless you get permission first. - パスポートを作ってからでないと、海外旅行に行けません。
Romaji: Pasupooto o tsukutte kara denai to, kaigai ryokou ni ikemasen.
English: You can’t go on an overseas trip unless you get your passport first. - お金を払ってからでないと、商品を受け取ることはできません。
Romaji: Okane o haratte kara denai to, shouhin o uketoru koto wa dekimasen.
English: You can’t receive the product unless you pay first. - 準備運動をしてからでないと、激しい運動をするのは危険です。
Romaji: Junbi undou o shite kara denai to, hageshii undou o suru no wa kiken desu.
English: It’s dangerous to do intense exercise unless you warm up first. - 上司の確認を受けてからでないと、このプロジェクトは進められません。
Romaji: Joushi no kakunin o ukete kara denai to, kono purojekuto wa susumeraremasen.
English: This project can’t proceed unless the boss approves it first. - この問題を解決してからでないと、新しい計画は進められません。
Romaji: Kono mondai o kaiketsu shite kara denai to, atarashii keikaku wa susumeraremasen.
English: A new plan can’t proceed unless this problem is solved first. - 両親と相談してからでないと、決められません。
Romaji: Ryoushin to soudan shite kara denai to, kimeraremasen.
English: I can’t decide unless I consult with my parents first. - 基礎をしっかり勉強してからでないと、応用問題は解けません。
Romaji: Kiso o shikkari benkyou shite kara denai to, ouyou mondai wa tokemasen.
English: You can’t solve advanced problems unless you study the basics thoroughly first. - 朝ごはんを食べてからでないと、薬を飲んではいけません。
Romaji: Asagohan o tabete kara denai to, kusuri o nonde wa ikemasen.
English: You shouldn’t take medicine unless you eat breakfast first. - 仕事を終えてからでないと、帰宅できません。
Romaji: Shigoto o oete kara denai to, kitaku dekimasen.
English: You can’t go home unless you finish your work first. - すべての書類を提出してからでないと、審査は始まりません。
Romaji: Subete no shorui o teishutsu shite kara denai to, shinsa wa hajimarimasen.
English: The review process won’t start unless you submit all the documents first. - 部屋を片付けてからでないと、新しい家具を置けません。
Romaji: Heya o katazukete kara denai to, atarashii kagu o okemasen.
English: You can’t place new furniture unless you clean up the room first. - 面接を受けてからでないと、合否の結果はわかりません。
Romaji: Mensetsu o ukete kara denai to, gouhi no kekka wa wakarimasen.
English: You won’t know the result unless you take the interview first. - 子供を寝かせてからでないと、自分の時間は取れません。
Romaji: Kodomo o nekasete kara denai to, jibun no jikan wa toremasen.
English: I can’t have my own time unless I put my child to bed first. - ルールを理解してからでないと、ゲームに参加できません。
Romaji: Ruuru o rikai shite kara denai to, geemu ni sanka dekimasen.
English: You can’t participate in the game unless you understand the rules first. - 仕事の引き継ぎをしてからでないと、新しいプロジェクトを始められません。
Romaji: Shigoto no hikitsugi o shite kara denai to, atarashii purojekuto o hajimeraremasen.
English: You can’t start a new project unless you hand over the previous work first.
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word in parentheses.
- 宿題を（おえる）_________でないと、遊びに行けません。
- ご飯を（たべる）_________でないと、薬を飲めません。
- パスポートを（つくる）_________でないと、海外旅行には行けません。
- 許可を（もらう）_________でないと、この部屋には入れません。
- この本を（よむ）_________でないと、レポートは書けません。
- 部屋を（かたづける）_________でないと、新しい家具を置けません。
- 上司の指示を（きく）_________でないと、仕事を始められません。
- 試験を（うける）_________でないと、成績はつきません。
- 日本語を（べんきょうする）_________でないと、日本で働けません。
- すべての書類を（ていしゅつする）_________でないと、審査は始まりません。
Answers
- 宿題を終えてからでないと、遊びに行けません。
Romaji: Shukudai o oete kara denai to, asobi ni ikemasen.
English: You can’t go out unless you finish your homework first. - ご飯を食べてからでないと、薬を飲めません。
Romaji: Gohan o tabete kara denai to, kusuri o nomemasen.
English: You can’t take medicine unless you eat first. - パスポートを作ってからでないと、海外旅行には行けません。
Romaji: Pasupooto o tsukutte kara denai to, kaigai ryokou ni wa ikemasen.
English: You can’t travel abroad unless you get your passport first. - 許可をもらってからでないと、この部屋には入れません。
Romaji: Kyoka o moratte kara denai to, kono heya ni wa hairemasen.
English: You can’t enter this room unless you get permission first. - この本を読んでからでないと、レポートは書けません。
Romaji: Kono hon o yonde kara denai to, repooto wa kakemasen.
English: You can’t write the report unless you read this book first. - 部屋を片付けてからでないと、新しい家具を置けません。
Romaji: Heya o katazukete kara denai to, atarashii kagu o okemasen.
English: You can’t place new furniture unless you clean up the room first. - 上司の指示を聞いてからでないと、仕事を始められません。
Romaji: Joushi no shiji o kiite kara denai to, shigoto o hajimeraremasen.
English: You can’t start work unless you listen to the boss’s instructions first. - 試験を受けてからでないと、成績はつきません。
Romaji: Shiken o ukete kara denai to, seiseki wa tsukimasen.
English: You won’t receive grades unless you take the exam first. - 日本語を勉強してからでないと、日本で働けません。
Romaji: Nihongo o benkyou shite kara denai to, Nihon de hatarakemasen.
English: You can’t work in Japan unless you study Japanese first. - すべての書類を提出してからでないと、審査は始まりません。
Romaji: Subete no shorui o teishutsu shite kara denai to, shinsa wa hajimarimasen.
English: The review process won’t start unless you submit all the documents first.
Conclusion
Mastering 〜てからでないと is essential for expressing restrictions and conditions in Japanese. By understanding its grammar structure, usage, and exceptions, learners can enhance their fluency and comprehension. Keep practicing with example sentences and exercises to solidify your grasp of this grammar pattern!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
- 勉強してからでないと、試験に合格できない。
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Using 〜ついでに in Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding 〜ついでに in Japanese Grammar
The Japanese grammar structure 〜ついでに (〜tsuide ni) is an essential phrase used to indicate doing something while doing something else or taking advantage of an opportunity. It is often translated as “while you’re at it” or “on the occasion of” in English. This structure is extremely useful in daily conversations, making speech more natural and efficient.
In this blog post, we will delve deep into the formation, usage, and various situations where 〜ついでに is used. We will also provide comprehensive lists of verbs, nouns, and adjectives that can be used with this form, along with example sentences and exercises to reinforce learning.
Formation of 〜ついでに
The formation of 〜ついでに differs depending on whether it is attached to a verb, noun, or adjective.
1. With Verbs:
- Verb (dictionary form) + ついでに
- Verb (た-form) + ついでに
Example:
- 買い物をする ついでに、郵便局に寄る。
- Kaikmono o suru tsuide ni, yūbinkyoku ni yoru.
- (While shopping, I’ll stop by the post office.)
2. With Nouns:
- Noun + の + ついでに
Example:
- 出張 のついでに、観光をする。
- Shucchō no tsuide ni, kankō o suru.
- (While on a business trip, I will do some sightseeing.)
3. With Adjectives:
- Adjectives are not commonly used with ついでに because the structure typically pairs with verbs and nouns to describe actions. However, adjectives can be incorporated if they modify a noun that fits this pattern.
Situations where 〜ついでに is used
- Running an Errand and Doing Something Extra
- Example: 買い物のついでに、郵便局に寄りました。
- Romaji: Kaimono no tsuide ni, yūbinkyoku ni yorimashita.
- English: While shopping, I stopped by the post office.
- Traveling and Taking the Opportunity for Another Activity
- Example: 出張のついでに、有名な観光地を訪れました。
- Romaji: Shutchō no tsuide ni, yūmei na kankōchi o otozuremashita.
- English: While on a business trip, I visited a famous tourist spot.
- Household Chores and Completing Another Task
- Example: 掃除のついでに、家具の配置を変えました。
- Romaji: Sōji no tsuide ni, kagu no haichi o kaemashita.
- English: While cleaning, I changed the arrangement of the furniture.
- Studying and Doing Extra Learning
- Example: 日本語を勉強するついでに、漢字も覚えました。
- Romaji: Nihongo o benkyō suru tsuide ni, kanji mo oboemashita.
- English: While studying Japanese, I also memorized kanji.
- Going Out and Buying Something Unexpected
- Example: 散歩のついでに、コンビニでアイスを買いました。
- Romaji: Sanpo no tsuide ni, konbini de aisu o kaimashita。
- English: While taking a walk, I bought ice cream at the convenience store.
- Visiting Someone and Doing Something Else
- Example: 友達の家に行くついでに、お土産を買いました。
- Romaji: Tomodachi no ie ni iku tsuide ni, omiyage o kaimashita.
- English: While going to my friend’s house, I bought a souvenir.
- Work-related Task and Doing Personal Work
- Example: 会議に行くついでに、新しいノートを買いました。
- Romaji: Kaigi ni iku tsuide ni, atarashii nōto o kaimashita.
- English: While going to a meeting, I bought a new notebook.
- Online Shopping and Buying Additional Items
- Example: 洋服を注文するついでに、新しい靴も買いました。
- Romaji: Yōfuku o chūmon suru tsuide ni, atarashii kutsu mo kaimashita.
- English: While ordering clothes, I also bought new shoes.
- Attending an Event and Doing Another Activity Nearby
- Example: コンサートに行くついでに、美術館にも寄りました。
- Romaji: Konsāto ni iku tsuide ni, bijutsukan ni mo yorimashita.
- English: While going to a concert, I also stopped by the art museum.
- Cooking and Preparing Something Extra
- Example: 夕飯を作るついでに、お弁当の準備もしました。
- Romaji: Yūhan o tsukuru tsuide ni, obentō no junbi mo shimashita.
- English: While making dinner, I also prepared a bento.
Common Expressions Using 〜ついでに
Here are some commonly used expressions with 〜ついでに, which are frequently used in daily life:
1. 〜のついでに (no tsuide ni) – While doing ~, take the opportunity to ~
- Example: 買い物のついでに、銀行にも行きました。
- Romaji: Kaimono no tsuide ni, ginkō ni mo ikimashita.
- English: While shopping, I also went to the bank.
2. 〜へ行くついでに (e iku tsuide ni) – While going to ~, do something extra
- Example: 駅へ行くついでに、本屋に寄った。
- Romaji: Eki e iku tsuide ni, honya ni yotta.
- English: While going to the station, I stopped by a bookstore.
3. 〜を買うついでに (o kau tsuide ni) – While buying ~, get something extra
- Example: 牛乳を買うついでに、パンも買いました。
- Romaji: Gyūnyū o kau tsuide ni, pan mo kaimashita.
- English: While buying milk, I also bought bread.
4. 〜を調べるついでに (o shiraberu tsuide ni) – While looking up ~, check something else
- Example: 宿題を調べるついでに、新しい単語も覚えました。
- Romaji: Shukudai o shiraberu tsuide ni, atarashii tango mo oboemashita.
- English: While looking up my homework, I also learned new words.
5. 〜を掃除するついでに (o sōji suru tsuide ni) – While cleaning ~, do something extra
- Example: 部屋を掃除するついでに、窓も拭きました。
- Romaji: Heya o sōji suru tsuide ni, mado mo fukimashita.
- English: While cleaning my room, I also wiped the windows.
6. 〜の準備をするついでに (no junbi o suru tsuide ni) – While preparing for ~, prepare something else
- Example: 旅行の準備をするついでに、買い物リストを作りました。
- Romaji: Ryokō no junbi o suru tsuide ni, kaimono risuto o tsukurimashita.
- English: While preparing for the trip, I also made a shopping list.
7. 〜に行ったついでに (ni itta tsuide ni) – Since I went to ~, I also did ~
- Example: 病院に行ったついでに、薬を買いました。
- Romaji: Byōin ni itta tsuide ni, kusuri o kaimashita.
- English: Since I went to the hospital, I also bought medicine.
8. 〜と話すついでに (to hanasu tsuide ni) – While talking with ~, mention something else
- Example: 先生と話すついでに、宿題について聞きました。
- Romaji: Sensei to hanasu tsuide ni, shukudai ni tsuite kikimashita.
- English: While talking with my teacher, I also asked about the homework.
9. 〜を作るついでに (o tsukuru tsuide ni) – While making ~, prepare something else
- Example: 晩ご飯を作るついでに、お弁当も作りました。
- Romaji: Bangohan o tsukuru tsuide ni, obentō mo tsukurimashita.
- English: While making dinner, I also prepared a bento.
10. 〜を整理するついでに (o seiri suru tsuide ni) – While organizing ~, do extra cleaning
- Example: 書類を整理するついでに、古いものを捨てました。
- Romaji: Shorui o seiri suru tsuide ni, furui mono o sutemashita.
- English: While organizing documents, I also threw away old ones.
Grammar Rules
When using 〜ついでに, there are several grammar points to keep in mind to ensure correct and natural usage. Below are the key rules and explanations with example sentences.
1. The Main Action Should Be Intentional
The first action (before ついでに) must be something intentional, not something that happens accidentally or beyond one’s control.
❌ 雨が降ったついでに、傘を買いました。 (Ame ga futta tsuide ni, kasa o kaimashita.)
🚫 Incorrect because “rain falling” is not intentional.✅ 買い物のついでに、傘を買いました。 (Kaimono no tsuide ni, kasa o kaimashita.)
✔ Correct because “shopping” is intentional.
💬 English: While shopping, I bought an umbrella.
2. The Second Action Should Be Conveniently Done
The second action (after ついでに) should be something that can be conveniently done along with the first action.
✅ 郵便局へ行くついでに、切手を買った。 (Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, kitte o katta.)
✔ Correct because buying stamps is related to going to the post office.
💬 English: While going to the post office, I bought stamps.❌ 郵便局へ行くついでに、ゲームをした。 (Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, gēmu o shita.)
🚫 Incorrect because playing games is unrelated to going to the post office.
3. The First Action Should Be the Primary Purpose
The action before ついでに should be the main purpose, while the action after ついでに should be secondary.
✅ 図書館へ行くついでに、スーパーに寄った。 (Toshokan e iku tsuide ni, sūpā ni yotta.)
✔ Correct because the main purpose is going to the library, and stopping at the supermarket is secondary.
💬 English: While going to the library, I stopped by the supermarket.❌ スーパーに行くついでに、図書館へ行った。 (Sūpā ni iku tsuide ni, toshokan e itta.)
🚫 Incorrect if the main purpose is the supermarket but the library is the more significant action.
4. Actions Must Happen in the Same General Timeframe
Both actions should take place around the same time and in a way that makes it natural to do them together.
✅ 旅行するついでに、友達に会った。 (Ryokō suru tsuide ni, tomodachi ni atta.)
✔ Correct because meeting a friend can happen during a trip.
💬 English: While traveling, I met a friend.❌ 子供の頃、ピアノを習っていたついでに、今も練習している。 (Kodomo no koro, piano o naratte ita tsuide ni, ima mo renshū shite iru.)
🚫 Incorrect because the two actions occur at very different times.
5. Cannot Be Used for Completely Unrelated Actions
The second action should naturally fit with the first one. If they are too unrelated, ついでに is not appropriate.
✅ カフェに行くついでに、本を借りた。 (Kafe ni iku tsuide ni, hon o karita.)
✔ Correct because borrowing a book and going to a café could naturally be done together.
💬 English: While going to a café, I borrowed a book.❌ カフェに行くついでに、テレビを見た。 (Kafe ni iku tsuide ni, terebi o mita.)
🚫 Incorrect because watching TV and going to a café are unrelated.
6. Cannot Be Used When the Second Action Is More Important
If the second action is the primary goal, ついでに is not appropriate.
✅ 公園を散歩するついでに、ゴミを拾った。 (Kōen o sanpo suru tsuide ni, gomi o hirotta.)
✔ Correct because the main purpose is the walk, and picking up trash is secondary.
💬 English: While taking a walk in the park, I picked up trash.❌ ゴミを拾うついでに、公園を散歩した。 (Gomi o hirou tsuide ni, kōen o sanpo shita.)
🚫 Incorrect if picking up trash is the main purpose.
7. Cannot Be Used for Hypothetical or Future Plans Alone
ついでに is typically used when the action is planned or happening, not for abstract future possibilities.
✅ 出張に行くついでに、お土産を買うつもりだ。 (Shutchō ni iku tsuide ni, omiyage o kau tsumori da.)
✔ Correct because the business trip is planned, and buying souvenirs is a side plan.
💬 English: While going on a business trip, I plan to buy souvenirs.❌ いつか旅行するついでに、世界中を回りたい。 (Itsuka ryokō suru tsuide ni, sekaijū o mawaritai.)
🚫 Incorrect because “someday traveling” is too uncertain.
Things to Keep in Mind
When using 〜ついでに, there are some tricky points and exceptions to be aware of. Here are the most important things to keep in mind:
1. The First Action Must Be Intentional
- The main action (before ついでに) must be something planned or intentional.
- Accidental events or natural phenomena (like rain, earthquakes, or getting sick) cannot be used with ついでに.
✅ 銀行へ行くついでに、スーパーにも寄った。
- Romaji: Ginkō e iku tsuide ni, sūpā ni mo yotta.
- English: While going to the bank, I also stopped by the supermarket.
❌ 雨が降るついでに、コンビニに行った。
- Romaji: Ame ga furu tsuide ni, konbini ni itta.
- English: (Incorrect) Since it was raining, I went to the convenience store. 🚫 (Incorrect because rain is not intentional.)
2. The Two Actions Should Be Related or Conveniently Done Together
- The second action (after ついでに) should be something that naturally fits with the first action.
- Completely unrelated actions sound unnatural.
✅ 図書館へ行くついでに、本屋で雑誌を買った。
- Romaji: Toshokan e iku tsuide ni, honya de zasshi o katta.
- English: While going to the library, I bought a magazine at the bookstore.
❌ 図書館へ行くついでに、映画を観た。
- Romaji: Toshokan e iku tsuide ni, eiga o mita.
- English: (Incorrect) While going to the library, I watched a movie. 🚫 (Unrelated actions.)
3. Cannot Be Used for Sequential or Dependent Actions
- The second action must be something you do along the way, not something that depends on the first action.
- If you must complete the first action before doing the second, ついでに is not appropriate.
✅ コンビニに行くついでに、ATMでお金をおろした。
- Romaji: Konbini ni iku tsuide ni, ATM de okane o oroshita.
- English: While going to the convenience store, I withdrew money from the ATM.
❌ ご飯を作るついでに、お米を買った。
- Romaji: Gohan o tsukuru tsuide ni, okome o katta.
- English: (Incorrect) While making rice, I bought rice. 🚫 (You need rice before making it, so the actions are dependent.)
4. The Second Action Must Be Less Important
- The first action is the main purpose, and the second action is secondary.
- If the second action is more important, use a different structure like ついでにではなく、むしろ (tsuide ni de wa naku, mushiro – rather than ~, I mainly did ~).
✅ 会議に行くついでに、新しいノートを買った。
- Romaji: Kaigi ni iku tsuide ni, atarashii nōto o katta.
- English: While going to the meeting, I bought a new notebook.
❌ 新しいノートを買うついでに、会議に行った。
- Romaji: Atarashii nōto o kau tsuide ni, kaigi ni itta.
- English: (Incorrect) While buying a new notebook, I went to the meeting. 🚫 (If the real purpose was the meeting, this sounds unnatural.)
5. The Actions Must Happen in the Same Timeframe
- ついでに cannot be used for actions that happen at completely different times.
- If the second action happens much later, use そのあとで (sono ato de – after that) instead.
✅ 旅行するついでに、友達に会った。
- Romaji: Ryokō suru tsuide ni, tomodachi ni atta.
- English: While traveling, I met a friend.
❌ 旅行するついでに、半年後に友達に会った。
- Romaji: Ryokō suru tsuide ni, hantoshi go ni tomodachi ni atta.
- English: (Incorrect) While traveling, I met a friend six months later. 🚫 (The timing is too different.)
6. Avoid Using ついでに with Hypothetical or Distant Future Actions
- ついでに is used when the first action is already planned or happening soon.
- If the first action is uncertain or just a vague future idea, ついでに sounds unnatural.
✅ 出張に行くついでに、お土産を買うつもりだ。
- Romaji: Shutchō ni iku tsuide ni, omiyage o kau tsumori da.
- English: While going on a business trip, I plan to buy souvenirs.
❌ いつか旅行するついでに、世界中を回りたい。
- Romaji: Itsuka ryokō suru tsuide ni, sekaijū o mawaritai.
- English: (Incorrect) Someday, while traveling, I want to go around the world. 🚫 (The first action is uncertain.)
7. Cannot Be Used for Giving or Receiving Favors from Others
- ついでに is often used when talking about your own actions.
- If you’re asking someone else for a favor, use ついでに〜してくれる？ (tsuide ni ~ shite kureru?) instead.
✅ 郵便局へ行くついでに、手紙を出してくれる？
- Romaji: Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, tegami o dashite kureru?
- English: While going to the post office, can you mail my letter?
❌ 郵便局へ行くついでに、手紙を出してもらった。
- Romaji: Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, tegami o dashite moratta.
- English: (Incorrect) While going to the post office, I had someone mail my letter. 🚫 (Sounds unnatural; use a different phrasing like 頼んだ – tanonda, “I asked them.”)
8. Cannot Be Used When the Two Actions Have No Clear Connection
- ついでに works best when the second action is a natural extension of the first.
- If the second action has no obvious link to the first, it sounds awkward.
✅ 東京に行くついでに、スカイツリーを見に行った。
- Romaji: Tōkyō ni iku tsuide ni, Sukaitsurī o mi ni itta.
- English: While going to Tokyo, I went to see the Skytree.
❌ 東京に行くついでに、新しいパソコンを買った。
- Romaji: Tōkyō ni iku tsuide ni, atarashii pasokon o katta.
- English: (Incorrect) While going to Tokyo, I bought a new laptop. 🚫 (Unless Tokyo is directly related to buying the laptop, this sounds random.)
Final Tip: If in Doubt, Ask “Does This Feel Like an Extra Task?”
If you’re unsure whether ついでに is appropriate, ask yourself:
✅ “Does the second action feel like a small, extra task that naturally fits with the first?”
If yes → Use ついでに.
If no → Choose a different structure (like そのあとで, 〜ながら, or 〜たら).
Example Table
Here is a table with example sentences using 〜ついでに for better understanding.
# Example Sentence (Japanese) Romaji English Translation 1 買い物のついでに、ケーキを買った。 Kaimono no tsuide ni, kēki o katta. While shopping, I bought a cake. 2 銀行へ行くついでに、手紙を出した。 Ginkō e iku tsuide ni, tegami o dashita. While going to the bank, I mailed a letter. 3 公園を散歩するついでに、ゴミを拾った。 Kōen o sanpo suru tsuide ni, gomi o hirotta. While walking in the park, I picked up trash. 4 出張のついでに、お土産を買った。 Shutchō no tsuide ni, omiyage o katta. While on a business trip, I bought souvenirs. 5 旅行するついでに、友達に会った。 Ryokō suru tsuide ni, tomodachi ni atta. While traveling, I met a friend. 6 料理を作るついでに、皿を洗った。 Ryōri o tsukuru tsuide ni, sara o aratta. While cooking, I washed the dishes. 7 大学へ行くついでに、コンビニに寄った。 Daigaku e iku tsuide ni, konbini ni yotta. While going to university, I stopped by a convenience store. 8 スーパーに行くついでに、牛乳を買った。 Sūpā ni iku tsuide ni, gyūnyū o katta. While going to the supermarket, I bought milk. 9 雨が降るついでに、涼しくなった。 Ame ga furu tsuide ni, suzushiku natta. As it rained, it became cooler. 10 掃除するついでに、本を整理した。 Sōji suru tsuide ni, hon o seiri shita. While cleaning, I organized my books. 11 郵便局へ行くついでに、切手を買った。 Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, kitte o katta. While going to the post office, I bought stamps. 12 仕事に行くついでに、カフェに寄った。 Shigoto ni iku tsuide ni, kafe ni yotta. While going to work, I stopped by a café. 13 映画館へ行くついでに、チケットを買った。 Eigakan e iku tsuide ni, chiketto o katta. While going to the movie theater, I bought a ticket. 14 銀行に行くついでに、スーパーで買い物をした。 Ginkō ni iku tsuide ni, sūpā de kaimono o shita. While going to the bank, I did some shopping at the supermarket. 15 先生に会うついでに、宿題について質問した。 Sensei ni au tsuide ni, shukudai ni tsuite shitsumon shita. While meeting the teacher, I asked about the homework.
More Example Sentences
Here are 10 additional sentences using 〜ついでに, along with romaji and English translations for practice.
- 駅へ行くついでに、コンビニで飲み物を買いました。
Eki e iku tsuide ni, konbini de nomimono o kaimashita.
(While going to the station, I bought a drink at the convenience store.) - 散歩のついでに、花屋に寄ってみた。
Sanpo no tsuide ni, hanaya ni yotte mita.
(While taking a walk, I stopped by the flower shop.) - 旅行するついでに、美術館を訪れました。
Ryokō suru tsuide ni, bijutsukan o otozuremashita.
(While traveling, I visited an art museum.) - 郵便局へ行くついでに、図書館で本を返しました。
Yūbinkyoku e iku tsuide ni, toshokan de hon o kaeshimashita.
(While going to the post office, I returned a book to the library.) - 東京に行くついでに、ディズニーランドにも行こうと思う。
Tōkyō ni iku tsuide ni, Dizunīrando ni mo ikō to omou.
(While going to Tokyo, I plan to visit Disneyland as well.) - 昼ごはんを食べるついでに、コーヒーも注文した。
Hirugohan o taberu tsuide ni, kōhī mo chūmon shita.
(While having lunch, I also ordered coffee.) - 買い物のついでに、クリーニングを出してきた。
Kaimono no tsuide ni, kurīningu o dashite kita.
(While shopping, I dropped off my laundry.) - 帰宅するついでに、パン屋でクロワッサンを買った。
Kitaku suru tsuide ni, pan’ya de kurowassan o katta.
(While going home, I bought a croissant at the bakery.) - 母に会うついでに、祖母の家にも寄った。
Haha ni au tsuide ni, sobo no ie ni mo yotta.
(While visiting my mother, I also stopped by my grandmother’s house.) - 大阪へ行くついでに、京都で一泊することにした。
Ōsaka e iku tsuide ni, Kyōto de ippaku suru koto ni shita.
(While going to Osaka, I decided to stay one night in Kyoto.)
These examples showcase different ways 〜ついでに can be used naturally in daily conversation. Let me know in the comment below if you need any further clarification on the topic! 😊
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct 〜ついでに form using the given verb or noun in parentheses.
Fill in the Blanks
- スーパーへ______、お菓子も買いました。（行く）
- 仕事の______、郵便局で荷物を送りました。（帰り）
- 映画館へ______、ポップコーンを買いました。（行く）
- 東京に______、友達にも会う予定です。（旅行する）
- 買い物の______、新しい靴も試しました。（買い物）
- 図書館へ______、コーヒーを買ってきた。（行く）
- 大阪へ______、京都に寄るつもりです。（行く）
- 散歩の______、スーパーで牛乳を買ってきてください。（散歩）
- 駅へ______、手紙をポストに入れました。（行く）
- 料理を______、冷蔵庫を掃除しました。（作る）
Answers
- スーパーへ 行くついでに、お菓子も買いました。
Suupaa e iku tsuide ni, okashi mo kaimashita.
(While going to the supermarket, I also bought some snacks.) - 仕事の 帰りついでに、郵便局で荷物を送りました。
Shigoto no kaeri tsuide ni, yūbinkyoku de nimotsu o okurimashita.
(While coming back from work, I sent a package at the post office.) - 映画館へ 行くついでに、ポップコーンを買いました。
Eigakan e iku tsuide ni, poppukōn o kaimashita.
(While going to the movie theater, I bought some popcorn.) - 東京に 旅行するついでに、友達にも会う予定です。
Tōkyō ni ryokō suru tsuide ni, tomodachi ni mo au yotei desu.
(While traveling to Tokyo, I plan to meet my friend as well.) - 買い物の ついでに、新しい靴も試しました。
Kaimono no tsuide ni, atarashii kutsu mo tameshimashita.
(While shopping, I also tried on new shoes.) - 図書館へ 行くついでに、コーヒーを買ってきた。
Toshokan e iku tsuide ni, kōhī o katte kita.
(While going to the library, I bought some coffee.) - 大阪へ 行くついでに、京都に寄るつもりです。
Ōsaka e iku tsuide ni, Kyōto ni yoru tsumori desu.
(While going to Osaka, I plan to stop by Kyoto.) - 散歩の ついでに、スーパーで牛乳を買ってきてください。
Sanpo no tsuide ni, sūpā de gyūnyū o katte kite kudasai.
(While taking a walk, please buy some milk from the supermarket.) - 駅へ 行くついでに、手紙をポストに入れました。
Eki e iku tsuide ni, tegami o posuto ni iremashita.
(While going to the station, I put the letter in the mailbox.) - 料理を 作るついでに、冷蔵庫を掃除しました。
Ryōri o tsukuru tsuide ni, reizōko o sōji shimashita.
(While cooking, I cleaned the refrigerator.)
Conclusion
In this blog, we explored the grammar point 〜ついでに, which is commonly used to express doing something extra while performing a main action. We covered various situations where 〜ついでに is used, common expressions, important grammar rules, and things to keep in mind while using this structure. Additionally, we provided numerous example sentences and an exercise section to help reinforce your understanding.
By mastering 〜ついでに, you can make your Japanese conversations more natural and efficient. Whether you’re talking about running errands, making plans, or simply adding extra actions to your routine, this grammar structure will be a valuable tool in your language learning journey.
Keep practicing with real-life situations, and soon you’ll be using 〜ついでに effortlessly in your Japanese conversations!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
-
How to Overcome the Fear of Speaking a New Language | My Language Classes
How to Overcome the Fear of Speaking a Language
Have you ever hesitated to speak a new language out of fear of making mistakes? You’re not alone. Many language learners struggle with anxiety and self-doubt when trying to communicate in a foreign language. The fear of judgment, pronunciation errors, or not finding the right words can be overwhelming. However, overcoming this fear is crucial for fluency and confidence in any language.
In this guide, we’ll explore practical strategies to help you overcome the fear of speaking a new language. Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced learner, these expert tips will empower you to communicate with confidence.
Understanding the Fear of Speaking a New Language
Why Do We Feel Afraid?
Before we tackle solutions, it’s essential to understand why language learners experience fear:
- Fear of Mistakes: Worrying about incorrect grammar or pronunciation.
- Fear of Judgment: Concern about what others will think.
- Lack of Confidence: Feeling unprepared or unsure about vocabulary.
- Past Negative Experiences: Previous embarrassment can create long-term anxiety.
- Perfectionism: Expecting flawless speech from the beginning.
The good news? Every successful language learner has faced these challenges—and overcome them.
Strategies to Overcome the Fear of Speaking
1. Shift Your Mindset: Mistakes Are Learning Opportunities
Instead of fearing mistakes, embrace them as part of the learning process. Every error you make is a step toward improvement. Even native speakers make mistakes!
Actionable Tip: Keep a language journal and write down your mistakes. Reflect on them and learn from each experience.
2. Start Small: Speak in Low-Stress Environments
You don’t need to jump into a full conversation with a native speaker right away. Start small:
- Practice Alone: Read aloud or talk to yourself in the target language.
- Use Language Apps: Apps like Duolingo, HelloTalk, and Tandem allow for practice in a non-intimidating way.
- Join Language Meetups: Virtual or in-person language exchange groups can be supportive spaces to practice.
Pro Tip: Find a language buddy who is also learning and practice together.
3. Practice with Native Speakers
The best way to improve is by speaking with native speakers. Platforms like iTalki, Preply, and HelloTalk connect learners with native speakers.
How to Get Started:
- Join online forums and communities.
- Engage in voice chats with language partners.
- Start with simple conversations and gradually increase complexity.
4. Develop a Strong Speaking Routine
Like any skill, speaking improves with consistency.
Daily Practice Plan:
- Morning: Speak for 5 minutes in front of a mirror.
- Afternoon: Record a short voice note and listen to your pronunciation.
- Evening: Have a 10-minute conversation with a language partner or tutor.
The more you speak, the more natural it becomes.
5. Train Your Ear: Improve Listening Skills
Strong listening skills can reduce speaking anxiety. When you understand spoken language better, you’ll feel more confident responding.
Tips to Improve Listening:
- Watch movies and TV shows in your target language.
- Listen to podcasts and audiobooks.
- Shadow native speakers by repeating after them.
6. Use Positive Self-Talk & Visualization
Language anxiety is often psychological. Using positive affirmations and visualization techniques can help boost confidence.
Try This:
- Before speaking, take deep breaths and imagine yourself speaking fluently.
- Replace negative thoughts with affirmations like, “I am improving every day.”
7. Focus on Communication, Not Perfection
Your goal should be to communicate ideas, not to speak perfectly. Even if you make mistakes, people will appreciate your effort.
Challenge:
- Set a goal to have a conversation without worrying about grammar.
- Prioritize expressing thoughts over perfect accuracy.
Common Challenges and Solutions
“I Forget Words Mid-Sentence”
Solution: Use fillers or rephrase your sentence. If you forget “car,” say, “the thing you drive.”
“I Feel Embarrassed Speaking in Public”
Solution: Start with one-on-one conversations before moving to group settings.
“People Speak Too Fast”
Solution: Ask them to slow down or repeat. Most people are happy to help learners.
Conclusion: Take Action Today
Overcoming the fear of speaking a new language is a journey, but with practice and persistence, you can gain confidence. Start small, use the right strategies, and remind yourself that mistakes are part of learning.
Ready to improve your language skills?
If you enjoyed this blog, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! 😊
-
Using 〜たびに in Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding 〜たびに (Every Time) in Japanese Grammar
When learning Japanese, mastering expressions that convey frequency and habitual actions is essential. One such useful structure is 〜たびに (tabi ni), which means “every time” or “whenever” in English. This phrase is commonly used to describe a repeated occurrence or an action that happens without fail under a certain condition.
For example:
- 日本に行くたびに、新しい文化を学びます。
(Nihon ni iku tabi ni, atarashii bunka o manabimasu.)
→ Every time I go to Japan, I learn about a new culture.
In this blog, we’ll break down the meaning, usage, structure, and common mistakes related to 〜たびに, ensuring that you fully understand how to incorporate it into your Japanese conversations. Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced learner, this guide will help you use this grammar point naturally and effectively.
Let’s dive in!
Common Expressions Using 〜たびに
The phrase 〜たびに (tabi ni) is frequently used in everyday Japanese to describe actions that occur every time a particular situation happens. Below is a list of commonly used expressions with 〜たびに, along with example sentences to help you understand their practical usage.
1. 日本に行くたびに (Nihon ni iku tabi ni) – Every time I go to Japan
Example:
- 日本に行くたびに、新しい文化を学びます。
(Nihon ni iku tabi ni, atarashii bunka o manabimasu.)
→ Every time I go to Japan, I learn about a new culture.
2. 映画を見るたびに (Eiga o miru tabi ni) – Every time I watch a movie
Example:
- 映画を見るたびに、新しい発見があります。
(Eiga o miru tabi ni, atarashii hakken ga arimasu.)
→ Every time I watch a movie, I discover something new.
3. 友達に会うたびに (Tomodachi ni au tabi ni) – Every time I meet my friends
Example:
- 友達に会うたびに、楽しい時間を過ごします。
(Tomodachi ni au tabi ni, tanoshii jikan o sugoshimasu.)
→ Every time I meet my friends, I have a great time.
4. 音楽を聞くたびに (Ongaku o kiku tabi ni) – Every time I listen to music
Example:
- 音楽を聞くたびに、リラックスできます。
(Ongaku o kiku tabi ni, rirakkusu dekimasu.)
→ Every time I listen to music, I feel relaxed.
5. 本を読むたびに (Hon o yomu tabi ni) – Every time I read a book
Example:
- 本を読むたびに、新しい知識が増えます。
(Hon o yomu tabi ni, atarashii chishiki ga fuemasu.)
→ Every time I read a book, I gain new knowledge.
6. 写真を撮るたびに (Shashin o toru tabi ni) – Every time I take a photo
Example:
- 写真を撮るたびに、素敵な思い出が増えます。
(Shashin o toru tabi ni, sutekina omoide ga fuemasu.)
→ Every time I take a photo, I create wonderful memories.
7. 旅行するたびに (Ryokō suru tabi ni) – Every time I travel
Example:
- 旅行するたびに、新しい経験をします。
(Ryokō suru tabi ni, atarashii keiken o shimasu.)
→ Every time I travel, I have new experiences.
8. 日本語を勉強するたびに (Nihongo o benkyou suru tabi ni) – Every time I study Japanese
Example:
- 日本語を勉強するたびに、新しい単語を覚えます。
(Nihongo o benkyou suru tabi ni, atarashii tango o oboemasu.)
→ Every time I study Japanese, I learn new words.
9. 運動するたびに (Undō suru tabi ni) – Every time I exercise
Example:
- 運動するたびに、気分が良くなります。
(Undō suru tabi ni, kibun ga yoku narimasu.)
→ Every time I exercise, I feel better.
10. 寒くなるたびに (Samuku naru tabi ni) – Every time it gets cold
Example:
- 寒くなるたびに、温かい飲み物が飲みたくなります。
(Samuku naru tabi ni, atatakai nomimono ga nomitaku narimasu.)
→ Every time it gets cold, I feel like drinking something warm.
Grammar Rules
Meaning of 〜たびに
The phrase 〜たびに (tabi ni) means “every time” or “whenever” and is used to describe a repeated action or event that happens without exception whenever a specific condition is met.
For example:
- 日本に行くたびに、お土産を買います。
(Nihon ni iku tabi ni, omiyage o kaimasu.)
→ Every time I go to Japan, I buy souvenirs.
Sentence Structure
The basic structure of sentences using 〜たびに is:
🔹 Verb (Dictionary Form / Past Tense) + たびに + Result
🔹 Noun + の + たびに + Result
🔹 Adjective (い / な) + たびに + ResultUsing 〜たびに with Verbs
When using verbs, they should be in the dictionary form (present tense) or past tense (た-form).
Verb (Dictionary Form) + たびに
- 映画を見るたびに、感動します。
(Eiga o miru tabi ni, kandou shimasu.)
→ Every time I watch a movie, I feel emotional.
Verb (た-form) + たびに
- 彼の話を聞いたたびに、驚きました。
(Kare no hanashi o kiita tabi ni, odorokimashita.)
→ Every time I heard his story, I was surprised.
Using 〜たびに with Nouns
When using nouns, attach の before たびに.
Noun + の + たびに
- 旅行のたびに、新しい友達ができます。
(Ryokou no tabi ni, atarashii tomodachi ga dekimasu.)
→ Every time I travel, I make new friends. - 会議のたびに、長い資料を読まなければなりません。
(Kaigi no tabi ni, nagai shiryou o yomanakereba narimasen.)
→ Every time we have a meeting, I have to read long documents.
Using 〜たびに with Adjectives
Although 〜たびに is more commonly used with verbs and nouns, it can also be used with adjectives. However, this usage is less frequent and more formal.
い-Adjectives + たびに
When using い-adjectives, attach たびに directly after the adjective.
- 寒いたびに、コートを着ます。
(Samui tabi ni, kōto o kimasu.)
→ Every time it’s cold, I wear a coat. - 美味しい料理を食べるたびに、幸せな気持ちになります。
(Oishii ryouri o taberu tabi ni, shiawase na kimochi ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I eat delicious food, I feel happy.
な-Adjectives + たびに
For な-adjectives, convert them into their dictionary form (な-adjective + な) before adding たびに.
- 静かなたびに、リラックスできます。
(Shizuka na tabi ni, rirakkusu dekimasu.)
→ Every time it’s quiet, I feel relaxed. - 大変なたびに、友達に相談します。
(Taihen na tabi ni, tomodachi ni soudan shimasu.)
→ Every time it’s difficult, I consult my friends.
💡 Note: While possible, using たびに with adjectives is rare. In most cases, とき (toki) or になる (ni naru) is preferred when referring to adjectives.
Key Usage Points of 〜たびに
It implies a repeated action without exception.
- 彼に会うたびに、元気をもらいます。
(Kare ni au tabi ni, genki o moraimasu.)
→ Every time I meet him, I feel energized.
It cannot be used for general habits or natural occurrences.
- 間違い: 疲れるたびに、お菓子を食べます。 🚫
(Tsukareru tabi ni, okashi o tabemasu.)
→ Every time I get tired, I eat snacks. (Incorrect)
Instead, use:
- 疲れたとき、お菓子を食べます。
(Tsukareta toki, okashi o tabemasu.)
→ When I get tired, I eat snacks. (Correct)
Summary: 〜たびに is mostly used with verbs and nouns, but can also be used with adjectives in some cases.
When to Use 〜たびに
The 〜たびに (tabi ni) structure is used in various situations to express repeated actions or events that occur without exception. Below are the most common cases where たびに is used, along with example sentences.
1. To Describe Repeated Actions or Experiences
Use 〜たびに when describing actions that happen every single time a particular event occurs.
✅ Example:
- 彼に会うたびに、新しい話を聞きます。
(Kare ni au tabi ni, atarashii hanashi o kikimasu.)
→ Every time I meet him, I hear a new story. - この歌を聞くたびに、昔の思い出がよみがえります。
(Kono uta o kiku tabi ni, mukashi no omoide ga yomigaerimasu.)
→ Every time I listen to this song, old memories come back.
2. To Emphasize a Pattern or Habit
Use 〜たびに to express a habitual occurrence where the same result always follows a specific event.
✅ Example:
- 試験のたびに、彼はとても緊張します。
(Shiken no tabi ni, kare wa totemo kinchou shimasu.)
→ Every time there’s an exam, he gets very nervous. - 飛行機に乗るたびに、窓の外を見ます。
(Hikouki ni noru tabi ni, mado no soto o mimasu.)
→ Every time I get on a plane, I look out the window.
3. To Indicate Growth or Change Over Time
Use 〜たびに when describing a gradual improvement or decline that occurs each time an event happens.
✅ Example:
- 練習するたびに、日本語が上手になります。
(Renshuu suru tabi ni, nihongo ga jouzu ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I practice, my Japanese improves. - この映画を観るたびに、新しい発見があります。
(Kono eiga o miru tabi ni, atarashii hakken ga arimasu.)
→ Every time I watch this movie, I discover something new.
4. To Express an Unchanging, Expected Result
Use 〜たびに when the result is predictable and always happens without fail.
✅ Example:
- この公園を通るたびに、犬を散歩している人を見かけます。
(Kono kouen o tooru tabi ni, inu o sanpo shiteiru hito o mikakemasu.)
→ Every time I pass through this park, I see people walking their dogs. - 彼女の料理を食べるたびに、幸せな気分になります。
(Kanojo no ryouri o taberu tabi ni, shiawase na kibun ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I eat her cooking, I feel happy.
5. To Describe Unpleasant or Unexpected Situations
Use 〜たびに to describe negative or troublesome situations that occur repeatedly.
✅ Example:
- 雨が降るたびに、電車が遅れます。
(Ame ga furu tabi ni, densha ga okuremasu.)
→ Every time it rains, the train is delayed. - パソコンを開くたびに、アップデートの通知が出ます。
(Pasokon o hiraku tabi ni, appudeeto no tsuuchi ga demasu.)
→ Every time I open my computer, an update notification pops up.
6. To Talk About Encounters or Meetings
Use 〜たびに when talking about meeting someone frequently and the experience that follows.
✅ Example:
- 先生に会うたびに、新しいことを学びます。
(Sensei ni au tabi ni, atarashii koto o manabimasu.)
→ Every time I meet my teacher, I learn something new. - 祖母の家に行くたびに、美味しい料理をごちそうになります。
(Sobo no ie ni iku tabi ni, oishii ryouri o gochisou ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I go to my grandmother’s house, I get treated to delicious food.
7. To Express Nostalgia or Sentimental Feelings
Use 〜たびに to express emotional reactions linked to repeated events.
✅ Example:
- 昔の写真を見るたびに、懐かしい気持ちになります。
(Mukashi no shashin o miru tabi ni, natsukashii kimochi ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I look at old photos, I feel nostalgic. - この曲を聴くたびに、学生時代を思い出します。
(Kono kyoku o kiku tabi ni, gakusei jidai o omoidasu.)
→ Every time I listen to this song, I remember my student days.
8. To Express Cause and Effect Repetitively
Use 〜たびに when one event always triggers another event as a natural outcome.
✅ Example:
- 新しい店がオープンするたびに、友達と行きます。
(Atarashii mise ga oopun suru tabi ni, tomodachi to ikimasu.)
→ Every time a new shop opens, I go there with my friends. - 彼が話すたびに、みんなが笑います。
(Kare ga hanasu tabi ni, minna ga waraimasu.)
→ Every time he talks, everyone laughs.
9. To Indicate Progression Over Time
Use 〜たびに to describe changes that build up over time with each repetition.
✅ Example:
- 読むたびに、この本の面白さが増します。
(Yomu tabi ni, kono hon no omoshirosa ga mashimasu.)
→ Every time I read this book, its interesting points increase. - 彼と話すたびに、彼の考え方に感心します。
(Kare to hanasu tabi ni, kare no kangaekata ni kanshin shimasu.)
→ Every time I talk to him, I admire his way of thinking.
Things to Keep in Mind
When using 〜たびに (tabi ni) in Japanese, there are several key points, tricky nuances, and exceptions that learners should be aware of. Below are some important aspects to keep in mind:
1. 〜たびに Must Express a Repeated Action
The 〜たびに structure is used when an action always happens every single time a specific event occurs. It CANNOT be used if the action is not guaranteed to happen each time.
✅ Correct Example:
- 旅行するたびに、新しい文化を学びます。
(Ryokou suru tabi ni, atarashii bunka o manabimasu.)
→ Every time I travel, I learn about a new culture.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 旅行するたびに、面白い人に出会う。 🚫
(Ryokou suru tabi ni, omoshiroi hito ni deau.)
→ Every time I travel, I meet interesting people. (Incorrect because meeting interesting people is not a guaranteed result.)
🔹 Fix: Instead of 〜たびに, use ことがある (koto ga aru) or とき (toki) for non-guaranteed events:
- 旅行すると、面白い人に出会うことがある。
(Ryokou suru to, omoshiroi hito ni deau koto ga aru.)
→ When I travel, I sometimes meet interesting people.
2. 〜たびに Cannot Be Used for General Habits
If an action is a regular habit or routine, it is better to use とき (toki) or たら (tara) instead of たびに.
✅ Correct Example (Habitual Action):
- 朝起きたら、コーヒーを飲みます。
(Asa okitara, koohii o nomimasu.)
→ When I wake up in the morning, I drink coffee.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 朝起きるたびに、コーヒーを飲みます。 🚫
(Asa okiru tabi ni, koohii o nomimasu.)
→ Every time I wake up in the morning, I drink coffee. (This sounds unnatural because drinking coffee is a habit, not a repeated action triggered by an event.)
3. 〜たびに Cannot Be Used for Continuous Actions
If an action happens continuously (rather than as a repeated event), 〜たびに is unnatural.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 歩くたびに、音楽を聞いています。 🚫
(Aruku tabi ni, ongaku o kiiteimasu.)
→ Every time I walk, I am listening to music. (Incorrect because listening to music while walking is a continuous action, not a separate event each time.)
🔹 Fix: Use ながら (nagara) for continuous actions:
- 歩きながら、音楽を聞いています。
(Aruki nagara, ongaku o kiiteimasu.)
→ I listen to music while walking.
4. 〜たびに vs. たら vs. とき
Many learners confuse 〜たびに with たら (tara) and とき (toki). Here’s a comparison:
Grammar Point Meaning Example Sentence Translation 〜たびに Every time (without exception) 日本に行くたびに、寿司を食べます。 Every time I go to Japan, I eat sushi. たら When (conditional, only happens once) 日本に行ったら、寿司を食べます。 When I go to Japan (next time), I will eat sushi. とき When (general occurrence) 日本に行くとき、寿司を食べます。 When I go to Japan, I eat sushi. 🔹 Key Difference:
- Use 〜たびに if something happens without exception, every time an event occurs.
- Use たら for one-time conditional actions.
- Use とき for general situations.
5. Using 〜たびに with Adjectives is Rare
Although い-adjectives and な-adjectives can technically be used with 〜たびに, this is very uncommon in spoken Japanese. Instead, native speakers prefer とき (toki) or たら (tara) when referring to adjectives.
✅ Correct (Using とき Instead of たびに):
- 寒いとき、コートを着ます。
(Samui toki, kōto o kimasu.)
→ When it’s cold, I wear a coat.
🔹 Only in formal writing, you might see たびに with adjectives, but it sounds unnatural in casual conversation.
6. 〜たびに Cannot Be Used for One-Time Events
〜たびに implies repetition, so it CANNOT be used for events that happen only once.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 大学を卒業するたびに、新しい仕事を探します。 🚫
(Daigaku o sotsugyou suru tabi ni, atarashii shigoto o sagashimasu.)
→ Every time I graduate from university, I look for a new job. (This is incorrect because graduating from university is a one-time event.)
🔹 Fix: Use たら (tara) for one-time events:
- 大学を卒業したら、新しい仕事を探します。
(Daigaku o sotsugyou shitara, atarashii shigoto o sagashimasu.)
→ When I graduate from university, I will look for a new job.
7. Cannot Be Used for Natural Phenomena or Physical Reactions
Some natural events or automatic reactions cannot be expressed with 〜たびに, especially if they are involuntary.
❌ Incorrect Example:
- 辛いものを食べるたびに、汗をかきます。 🚫
(Karai mono o taberu tabi ni, ase o kakimasu.)
→ Every time I eat spicy food, I sweat.
🔹 Fix: Use と (to) or とき (toki) instead:
- 辛いものを食べると、汗をかきます。
(Karai mono o taberu to, ase o kakimasu.)
→ When I eat spicy food, I sweat.
Summary: When using 〜たびに, remember the following key points:
✔ It expresses repeated actions that always happen without exception.
✔ It cannot be used for general habits, continuous actions, or one-time events.
✔ It is rarely used with adjectives in everyday speech.
✔ Be careful not to use たびに for natural reactions—use と (to) instead.
Example Table
Below is a table with example sentences using 〜たびに (tabi ni).
Japanese Sentence Romaji English Translation 映画を見るたびに、泣いてしまいます。 Eiga o miru tabi ni, naite shimaimasu. Every time I watch a movie, I end up crying. 日本に行くたびに、新しい友達ができます。 Nihon ni iku tabi ni, atarashii tomodachi ga dekimasu. Every time I go to Japan, I make new friends. 彼と話すたびに、新しいことを学びます。 Kare to hanasu tabi ni, atarashii koto o manabimasu. Every time I talk to him, I learn something new. 料理をするたびに、キッチンが散らかります。 Ryouri o suru tabi ni, kicchin ga chirakarimasu. Every time I cook, the kitchen gets messy. この歌を聞くたびに、学生時代を思い出します。 Kono uta o kiku tabi ni, gakusei jidai o omoidasu. Every time I listen to this song, I remember my school days. 旅行するたびに、新しい文化を体験します。 Ryokou suru tabi ni, atarashii bunka o taiken shimasu. Every time I travel, I experience a new culture. 雨が降るたびに、空気がきれいになります。 Ame ga furu tabi ni, kuuki ga kirei ni narimasu. Every time it rains, the air becomes fresh. この本を読むたびに、新しい視点が得られます。 Kono hon o yomu tabi ni, atarashii shiten ga eraremasu. Every time I read this book, I gain a new perspective. 運動するたびに、気分が良くなります。 Undou suru tabi ni, kibun ga yoku narimasu. Every time I exercise, I feel better. 祖母の家に行くたびに、おいしい料理をごちそうになります。 Sobo no ie ni iku tabi ni, oishii ryouri o gochisou ni narimasu. Every time I go to my grandmother’s house, I get treated to delicious food. カフェに行くたびに、新しいコーヒーを試します。 Kafe ni iku tabi ni, atarashii koohii o tameshimasu. Every time I go to a café, I try a new coffee. 歌を歌うたびに、ストレスがなくなります。 Uta o utau tabi ni, sutoresu ga nakunarimasu. Every time I sing, my stress goes away. 先生に質問するたびに、理解が深まります。 Sensei ni shitsumon suru tabi ni, rikai ga fukamarimasu. Every time I ask my teacher a question, my understanding deepens. 写真を見るたびに、楽しかった思い出が蘇ります。 Shashin o miru tabi ni, tanoshikatta omoide ga yomigaerimasu. Every time I look at photos, happy memories come back. 友達に会うたびに、元気をもらいます。 Tomodachi ni au tabi ni, genki o moraimasu. Every time I meet my friends, I get energized.
This table includes a variety of sentence structures to illustrate how 〜たびに is used in different situations.
More Example Sentences
Here are 10 additional example sentences using 〜たびに (tabi ni) to further illustrate its usage in various contexts. Each sentence includes romaji and an English translation.
1️⃣ 母の料理を食べるたびに、子供の頃を思い出します。
(Haha no ryouri o taberu tabi ni, kodomo no koro o omoidasu.)
→ Every time I eat my mother’s cooking, I remember my childhood.2️⃣ 彼女に会うたびに、幸せな気持ちになります。
(Kanojo ni au tabi ni, shiawase na kimochi ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I see her, I feel happy.3️⃣ 飛行機に乗るたびに、少し緊張します。
(Hikouki ni noru tabi ni, sukoshi kinchou shimasu.)
→ Every time I get on a plane, I feel a little nervous.4️⃣ 日本のドラマを見るたびに、日本語の勉強になります。
(Nihon no dorama o miru tabi ni, nihongo no benkyou ni narimasu.)
→ Every time I watch a Japanese drama, it helps me study Japanese.5️⃣ コンビニに行くたびに、新しいお菓子を買います。
(Konbini ni iku tabi ni, atarashii okashi o kaimasu.)
→ Every time I go to a convenience store, I buy a new snack.6️⃣ 冬になるたびに、スキー旅行を計画します。
(Fuyu ni naru tabi ni, sukii ryokou o keikaku shimasu.)
→ Every time winter comes, I plan a ski trip.7️⃣ パーティーに行くたびに、新しい人と知り合います。
(Paatii ni iku tabi ni, atarashii hito to shiriaimasu.)
→ Every time I go to a party, I meet new people.8️⃣ 歯医者に行くたびに、少し怖くなります。
(Haisha ni iku tabi ni, sukoshi kowaku narimasu.)
→ Every time I go to the dentist, I feel a little scared.9️⃣ 子供が笑うたびに、元気をもらいます。
(Kodomo ga warau tabi ni, genki o moraimasu.)
→ Every time my child laughs, I feel energized.🔟 この映画を観るたびに、感動して泣いてしまいます。
(Kono eiga o miru tabi ni, kandou shite naite shimaimasu.)
→ Every time I watch this movie, I get emotional and end up crying.These examples further demonstrate the versatility of 〜たびに, showing how it can be applied to various situations.
Exercise
Try filling in the blanks with the correct form of 〜たびに (tabi ni). The given word in parentheses (verb, noun, or adjective) should be conjugated correctly before inserting 〜たびに in the sentence.
Fill in the Blanks
1️⃣ この歌を＿＿＿＿、昔の恋人を思い出します。 (聞く – kiku)
2️⃣ 彼と＿＿＿＿たびに、新しいことを学びます。 (会う – au)
3️⃣ 旅行の＿＿＿＿、お土産をたくさん買います。 (度 – tabi)
4️⃣ この本を＿＿＿＿たびに、新しい発見があります。 (読む – yomu)
5️⃣ 彼女の料理を＿＿＿＿たびに、感動します。 (食べる – taberu)
6️⃣ 新しい人と＿＿＿＿たびに、少し緊張します。 (話す – hanasu)
7️⃣ 仕事が＿＿＿＿たびに、疲れがたまります。 (忙しい – isogashii)
8️⃣ 冬に＿＿＿＿たびに、温泉に行きたくなります。 (寒い – samui)
9️⃣ 試験の＿＿＿＿、とても緊張します。 (日 – hi)
🔟 彼の話を＿＿＿＿たびに、感心します。 (聞く – kiku)
Answers
1️⃣ この歌を 聞くたびに、昔の恋人を思い出します。
(Kono uta o kiku tabi ni, mukashi no koibito o omoidasu.)
→ Every time I listen to this song, I remember my past lover.2️⃣ 彼と 会うたびに、新しいことを学びます。
(Kare to au tabi ni, atarashii koto o manabimasu.)
→ Every time I meet him, I learn something new.3️⃣ 旅行の たびに、お土産をたくさん買います。
(Ryokou no tabi ni, omiyage o takusan kaimasu.)
→ Every time I travel, I buy a lot of souvenirs.4️⃣ この本を 読むたびに、新しい発見があります。
(Kono hon o yomu tabi ni, atarashii hakken ga arimasu.)
→ Every time I read this book, I discover something new.5️⃣ 彼女の料理を 食べるたびに、感動します。
(Kanojo no ryouri o taberu tabi ni, kandou shimasu.)
→ Every time I eat her cooking, I am impressed.6️⃣ 新しい人と 話すたびに、少し緊張します。
(Atarashii hito to hanasu tabi ni, sukoshi kinchou shimasu.)
→ Every time I talk to a new person, I feel a little nervous.7️⃣ 仕事が 忙しいたびに、疲れがたまります。
(Shigoto ga isogashii tabi ni, tsukare ga tamarimasu.)
→ Every time work gets busy, I accumulate fatigue.8️⃣ 冬に 寒いたびに、温泉に行きたくなります。
(Fuyu ni samui tabi ni, onsen ni ikitaku narimasu.)
→ Every time it gets cold in winter, I want to go to a hot spring.9️⃣ 試験の 日たびに、とても緊張します。
(Shiken no hi tabi ni, totemo kinchou shimasu.)
→ Every time it’s exam day, I get very nervous.🔟 彼の話を 聞くたびに、感心します。
(Kare no hanashi o kiku tabi ni, kanshin shimasu.)
→ Every time I hear his story, I am impressed.
Conclusion
Understanding and using 〜たびに (tabi ni) in Japanese is an essential step toward mastering natural and fluent expressions. This grammar pattern allows speakers to convey repeated occurrences or habitual actions in a clear and structured way. Whether talking about daily routines, memorable experiences, or emotions that arise every time something happens, 〜たびに is a valuable tool in Japanese communication.
By practicing with different verbs, nouns, and adjectives, you can develop a deeper intuition for when and how to use this pattern correctly. Be mindful of the tricky points, such as not using ～たびに for irregular, one-time, or unpredictable events.
To solidify your understanding, try using 〜たびに in your own sentences, review the examples, and complete the exercise section above. The more you practice, the more natural this grammar pattern will feel!
Keep learning and exploring Japanese grammar, and soon, you’ll be able to use expressions like a native speaker!
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Happy learning! 😊
- 日本に行くたびに、新しい文化を学びます。