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Tag: N5
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Using ใใใใ (Hearsay) | My Language Classes
ใใใใ (Hearsay): Expressing Reported Speech in Japanese
In Japanese, the grammar structure ใใใใ (sou da) is used to express reported speech or hearsay. This form is used when conveying information that was heard from another source, similar to “I heard that…” or “It is said that…” in English. It differs from the ใใใใ used for expressing appearance (e.g., “It looks like…”).
Understanding how to use ใใใใ correctly is crucial for effective communication in Japanese, as it helps relay secondhand information accurately. In this blog, we will explore the formation, usage, and differences between ใใใใ and similar structures like ใใใใ .
Formation of ใใใใ (Hearsay)
1. With Verbs
To form ใใใใ with verbs, use the plain form (dictionary form or past form) of the verb before adding ใใใ .
- Verb (Plain Form) + ใใใ
- Verb (Past Form) + ใใใ
Example:
- ๆฅใใใใ (kuru sou da) โ “I heard that he/she will come.”
- ่กใฃใใใใ (itta sou da) โ “I heard that he/she went.”
2. With Nouns
For nouns, simply attach ใ ใใใ after the noun.
- Noun + ใ ใใใ
Example:
- ๅ ็ใ ใใใ (sensei da sou da) โ “I heard that he/she is a teacher.”
3. With Adjectives
- For -i adjectives: Remove ใ and add ใใใ
- ้ข็ฝใ โ ้ข็ฝใใใใ (omoshiroi sou da) โ “I heard that it is interesting.”
- For -na adjectives: Attach ใ ใใใ after the adjective
- ้ใ (shizuka) โ ้ใใ ใใใ (shizuka da sou da) โ “I heard that it is quiet.”
Usage of ใใใใ (Hearsay) in Different Situations
- News and Reports:
- ๆฅๆฌใฎไบบๅฃใๆธใฃใฆใใใใใ ใ
- Nihon no jinkou ga hetteiru sou da.
- “I heard that Japan’s population is decreasing.”
- Casual Conversations:
- ๆๆฅใ้จใ้ใใใใ ใ
- Ashita, ame ga furu sou da.
- “I heard that it will rain tomorrow.”
- Quoting Someone Elseโs Words:
- ็ฐไธญใใใฏๅ ็ใซใชใใใใ ใ
- Tanaka-san wa sensei ni naru sou da.
- “I heard that Tanaka-san will become a teacher.”
Situations Where ใใใใ is Used
Unlike ใใใใ (Hearsay), ใใใใ is used for conjecture or resemblance. Some common cases include:
- Guessing based on evidence
- ้จใ้ใฃใใใใ ใ(Ame ga futta you da.) โ “It seems like it rained.”
- Comparisons and similarity
- ๅฝผใฏๆฅๆฌไบบใฎใใใ ใ(Kare wa nihonjin no you da.) โ “He seems to be Japanese.”
List of Verbs, Nouns, and Adjectives with Their ใใใใ (Hearsay) Forms
Word Type Word (JP) Hearsay Form Example Sentence (JP) Romaji English Meaning Verb ้ฃในใ (taberu) ้ฃในใใใใ (taberu sล da) ๅ ็ใฏๅฏฟๅธใ้ฃในใใใใ ใ Sensei wa sushi o taberu sล da. The teacher is said to eat sushi. ๅฝผใฏๆฏๆฅใฑใผใญใ้ฃในใใใใ ใ Kare wa mainichi kฤki o taberu sล da. He is said to eat cake every day. Verb ่กใ (iku) ่กใใใใ (iku sล da) ็ฐไธญใใใฏๆฑไบฌใซ่กใใใใ ใ Tanaka-san wa Tลkyล ni iku sล da. Tanaka-san is said to be going to Tokyo. ๆฅ้ฑใๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆตทๅคใซ่กใใใใ ใ Raishลซ, kanojo wa kaigai ni iku sล da. Next week, she is said to be going abroad. Verb ๅๅผทใใ (benkyล suru) ๅๅผทใใใใใ (benkyล suru sล da) ๅฝผใฏๆฏๆฅๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅๅผทใใใใใ ใ Kare wa mainichi Nihongo o benkyล suru sล da. He is said to study Japanese every day. ๅ ใฏๅคงๅญฆใงๅปๅญฆใๅๅผทใใใใใ ใ Ani wa daigaku de igaku o benkyล suru sล da. My older brother is said to be studying medicine at university. Verb ๆฅใ (kuru) ๆฅใใใใ (kuru sล da) ๅฝผใฏๆๆฅๆฅใใใใ ใ Kare wa ashita kuru sล da. He is said to be coming tomorrow. ๅ้ใ้ง ใซๆฅใใใใ ใ Tomodachi ga eki ni kuru sล da. My friend is said to be coming to the station. Verb ็ตๅฉใใ (kekkon suru) ็ตๅฉใใใใใ (kekkon suru sล da) ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฅๆ็ตๅฉใใใใใ ใ Kanojo wa raigetsu kekkon suru sล da. She is said to be getting married next month. ็ฐไธญใใใฏๆฅๅนด็ตๅฉใใใใใ ใ Tanaka-san wa rainen kekkon suru sล da. Tanaka-san is said to be getting married next year. Noun ๅ ็ (sensei) ๅ ็ใ ใใใ (sensei da sล da) ๅฝผใฎ็ถใฏๅ ็ใ ใใใ ใ Kare no chichi wa sensei da sล da. His father is said to be a teacher. ๅฑฑ็ฐใใใฏๆฐๅญฆใฎๅ ็ใ ใใใ ใ Yamada-san wa sลซgaku no sensei da sล da. Yamada-san is said to be a math teacher. Noun ๆๅไบบ (yลซmeijin) ๆๅไบบใ ใใใ (yลซmeijin da sล da) ๅฝผใฏๆๅไบบใ ใใใ ใ Kare wa yลซmeijin da sล da. He is said to be a celebrity. ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆๅใชๆญๆใ ใใใ ใ Kanojo wa yลซmei na kashu da sล da. She is said to be a famous singer. Noun ๅป่ (isha) ๅป่ ใ ใใใ (isha da sล da) ๅฝผใฎๅ ใฏๅป่ ใ ใใใ ใ Kare no ani wa isha da sล da. His older brother is said to be a doctor. ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ถใฏๅป่ ใ ใใใ ใ Kanojo no chichi wa isha da sล da. Her father is said to be a doctor. Adjective (i) ้ซใ (takai) ้ซใใใใ (takai sล da) ใใฎใใใซใฏ้ซใใใใ ใ Kono hoteru wa takai sล da. This hotel is said to be expensive. ใใฎ่ปใฏใจใฆใ้ซใใใใ ใ Ano kuruma wa totemo takai sล da. That car is said to be very expensive. Adjective (i) ๅฏใ (samui) ๅฏใใใใ (samui sล da) ๆๆฅใฏๅฏใใใใ ใ Ashita wa samui sล da. It is said to be cold tomorrow. ๅๆตท้ใฎๅฌใฏๅฏใใใใ ใ Hokkaidล no fuyu wa samui sล da. The winter in Hokkaido is said to be cold. Adjective (na) ไพฟๅฉ (benri) ไพฟๅฉใ ใใใ (benri da sล da) ใใฎใขใใชใฏไพฟๅฉใ ใใใ ใ Kono apuri wa benri da sล da. This app is said to be convenient. ๆฑไบฌใฎ้ป่ปใฏไพฟๅฉใ ใใใ ใ Tลkyล no densha wa benri da sล da. Tokyo’s trains are said to be convenient. Adjective (na) ๆๅ (yลซmei) ๆๅใ ใใใ (yลซmei da sล da) ๅฝผใฎๅบใฏๆๅใ ใใใ ใ Kare no mise wa yลซmei da sล da. His shop is said to be famous. ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฎถใฏๆๅใ ใใใ ใ Kanojo no ie wa yลซmei da sล da. Her house is said to be famous.
More Example Sentences
ๅฝผใฏๆๆฅใฎไผ่ญฐใซๅๅ ใใชใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kare wa ashita no kaigi ni sanka shinai sล da.
English: He is said not to participate in tomorrowโs meeting.ๅฝผใฏๆฐใใไปไบใๅงใใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kare wa atarashii shigoto o hajimeru sล da.
English: He is said to be starting a new job.ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏใจใฆใ้ข็ฝใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kono eiga wa totemo omoshiroi sล da.
English: This movie is said to be very interesting.ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅผใฏๅป่ ใซใชใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kanojo no otลto wa isha ni naru sล da.
English: Her younger brother is said to become a doctor.ๅ ็ใฏไป้ฑๅฟใใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Sensei wa konshลซ isogashii sล da.
English: The teacher is said to be busy this week.ใใฎๅบใฎใฉใผใกใณใฏ็พๅณใใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kono mise no rฤmen wa oishii sล da.
English: The ramen from this shop is said to be delicious.ใใฎใใใซใฏใตใผใในใ่ฏใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Ano hoteru wa sฤbisu ga yoi sล da.
English: That hotel is said to have good service.ๅฝผใฏๆฅๅนดใขใกใชใซใซๅผใฃ่ถใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kare wa rainen Amerika ni hikkosu sล da.
English: He is said to be moving to America next year.ใใฎไผ็คพใฏ็ตฆๆใ้ซใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Kono kaisha wa kyลซryล ga takai sล da.
English: This company is said to have high salaries.ๆฅๆฌใฎๅคใฏใจใฆใๆใใใใ ใ
Romaji: Nihon no natsu wa totemo atsui sล da.
English: The summer in Japan is said to be very hot.
Things to Keep in Mind
ใใใใ is only used when you hear information from someone else, not for personal assumptions.
ใใใใ (Hearsay) should not be confused with ใใใใ (Appearance).
Fill in the Blanks Questions
- ็ฐไธญใใใฏๆฅๆๆฅๆฌใซ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๅฝผใฎๅ ใฏๅป่ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ใใฎๆฌใฏใจใฆใ้ข็ฝใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๅ ็ใฏๆฏๆฅ้ๅใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ใใฎใฌในใใฉใณใฎๆ็ใฏ็พๅณใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๅฝผใฏๆฐใใ่ปใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๆๆฅใฏๅคฉๆฐใๆชใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฅๅนด็ตๅฉ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏๅญไพใซไบบๆฐ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
- ๅ้ใฏไปๆฅๅญฆๆ กใซๆฅใชใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใ ใ
Answers
1.ใใ (sล)
2.่กใ (iku)
3.ใ (da)
4.ใใ (sล)
5.ใใ (suru)
6.ใใ (sล)
7.่ฒทใ (kau)
8.ใใ (sล)
9.ใใ (suru)
10.ใ (da)
Conclusion
Understanding ใใใใ (Hearsay) is essential for conveying reported information in Japanese. By practicing its correct usage with verbs, adjectives, and nouns, learners can improve their fluency and comprehension. Keep practicing, and soon this grammar pattern will become second nature!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Donโt forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! ๐
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Understanding ใใใใ in Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding ใใใใ in Japanese
The Japanese expression ใใใใ (you da) is used to indicate resemblance, assumption, or conjecture based on observable evidence. It often translates to “seems like,” “appears to be,” or “looks like” in English. This form is frequently used in both spoken and written Japanese to express an impression based on visual or contextual clues rather than firsthand knowledge.
Formation of ใใใใ
1. With Verbs:
- Formation:
- Verb (dictionary form) + ใใใ
- Verb (ta-form) + ใใใ (past tense)
2. With Nouns:
- Formation:
- Noun + ใฎใใใ
3. With Adjectives:
- i-Adjectives:
- Adjective (plain form) + ใใใ
- na-Adjectives:
- Adjective (stem) + ใชใใใ
Usage of ใใใใ
- Expressing Appearance – Used when something visually appears a certain way.
- Expressing Similarity – Used to compare something to another thing.
- Expressing Assumption – Used to make an educated guess based on observed facts.
- Expressing Uncertainty – Used to indicate something that is not confirmed.
Situations where ใใใใ is used
- When making an assumption based on visual clues.
- When describing a person’s behavior resembling something.
- When comparing one thing to another.
- When describing a feeling or state that is not directly observable.
- When indicating a metaphorical expression.
Examples of Verbs, Nouns, and Adjectives with ใใใใ
Word Type Base Word ใใใใ Form Example Sentence Romaji Meaning Verb ้ฃในใ (taberu) ้ฃในใใใใ ใใฎๅญใฏใใ้ฃในใใใใ ใ Ano ko wa yoku taberu you da. That child seems to eat a lot. Verb ้จใ้ใ (ame ga furu) ้จใ้ใใใใ ็ช็ถๆใใชใฃใใใ้จใ้ใใใใ ใ Totsuzen atsuku natta kara ame ga furu you da. It suddenly got hot, so it looks like it’s going to rain. Verb ่ตฐใ (hashiru) ่ตฐใใใใ ๅญไพใๅฟซ้ใซ่ตฐใใใใ ใ Kodomo ga kaisoku ni hashiru you da. The child seems to be running fast. Noun ็ฅๆง (kami-sama) ็ฅๆงใฎใใใ ไปใฎ่กๅใฏ็ฅๆงใฎใใใ ใ Kare no koudou wa kami-sama no you da. His actions are like those of a god. Adjective ้ใ (aoi) ้ใใใใ ๆฐดใ้ใใใใ ใ Mizu ga aoi you da. The water seems to be blue.
More Example Sentences
- ไปใฎๆใ้ใใฎใใใ ใ
Tano omoi doori no you da. (It seems to be just as he thought.) - ๅญไพใฏใใชใใใใใใใใ ใ
Kodomo wa onaka ga suita you da. (The child seems to be hungry.) - ๅฎถใฎๅคใฏ้ๅธธใซๅทใใใใใ ใ
Ie no soto wa hijou ni tsumetai you da. (It seems to be extremely cold outside.)
Things to Keep in Mind
- ใใใใ is different from ใใใใ , which is used for hearsay or direct appearance.
- It cannot be used for one’s own direct experiences.
- ใใใใ can be formal or casual depending on context.
Fill in the Blanks
- ๅคงใใชๅฃใๅใใ\u_____
- ใใฎไบบใฏใจใณใธใใข\uใฎ\u_____
- ้จใ้ใใใ\u_____
- ็งใฎ็ซใฏๅญ็ซใฎ\u_____
- ใใฎๅญใฏ็ฒใใฆใใ\u_____
- ใใฎ้ขจใฏๅผทใ\u_____
- ใใใฎๅๅฉใฏ็ขบๅฎใฎ_____
Answers
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
- ใใใ
Conclusion
ใใใใ is a crucial structure in Japanese that allows speakers to express assumptions, resemblance, and indirect knowledge. Mastering this form helps in making more natural and nuanced statements in Japanese conversations and writing.
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Donโt forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! ๐
- Formation:
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Understanding ใใฎใงใin Japanese | My Language Classes
Understanding ใใฎใงใ in Japanese
The ใใฎใงใ (or its casual form ใใใงใ) is a grammatical structure in Japanese used to give explanations, seek clarifications, or express emotions. It adds a sense of reasoning to a statement and is often used in both spoken and written Japanese.
Formation of ใใฎใงใ
1. Formation with Verbs
- Affirmative (Present/Future):
- Dictionary form + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ้ฃในใใฎใงใ (taberu no desu)
- Negative (Present/Future):
- ใชใ-form + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ้ฃในใชใใฎใงใ (tabenai no desu)
- Past Affirmative:
- ใ-form + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ้ฃในใใฎใงใ (tabeta no desu)
- Past Negative:
- ใชใใฃใ-form + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ้ฃในใชใใฃใใฎใงใ (tabenakatta no desu)
2. Formation with Nouns
- Affirmative:
- Noun + ใชใฎใงใ / ใชใใงใ (casual)
- Example: ๅญฆ็ใชใฎใงใ (gakusei nano desu)
- Negative:
- Noun + ใงใฏใชใใฎใงใ / ใใใชใใใงใ (casual)
- Example: ๅญฆ็ใงใฏใชใใฎใงใ (gakusei dewa nai no desu)
3. Formation with Adjectives
- i-Adjectives:
- ใใฎใพใพ + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ใใใใใฎใงใ (ureshii no desu)
- Negative: ใใใใใชใใฎใงใ (ureshikunai no desu)
- na-Adjectives:
- ใช + ใฎใงใ / ใใงใ
- Example: ้ใใชใฎใงใ (shizuka nano desu)
- Negative: ้ใใงใฏใชใใฎใงใ (shizuka dewa nai no desu)
Usage of ใใฎใงใ
The ใใฎใงใ form is used in various situations. Below are the key contexts in which it is used:
1. Providing an Explanation
This form is often used to explain reasons behind actions or situations.
- Example: ใฉใใใฆ้ ใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ (Why were you late?)
- Example: ้จใ้ใฃใฆใใใฎใงใใ(It was raining.)
2. Seeking Clarification or Confirmation
When you are trying to confirm or seek clarification about something.
- Example: ใใฎๆฌใฏใใชใใฎใใฎใชใฎใงใใ๏ผ (Is that book yours?)
3. Expressing a Justification
To justify an action or event.
- Example: ๅฎฟ้กใๅคใใฃใใฎใงใใ(I had a lot of homework.)
4. Making a Statement More Emphatic
Using ใฎใงใ makes the statement more formal or assertive.
- Example: ็งใ่กใใฎใงใใ(I will go.)
5. Stating a Fact with Emphasis
- Example: ใใใฏใจใฆใๅคงๅใชใฎใงใใ(This is very important.)
Other Usage of ใใฎใงใ
Situations where ใใฎใงใ is used
- Giving explanations or reasons
- Asking for explanations or clarifications
- Expressing emotions such as surprise or concern
- Emphasizing a statement
- Giving background information
- Making an indirect request
- Softening a statement
- Seeking confirmation
- Expressing curiosity
- Describing an unusual situation
List of Verbs with their ใใฎใงใ Form
Verb (Dictionary Form) ใใฎใงใ Form Example Sentence 1 Romaji Meaning Example Sentence 2 Romaji Meaning ้ฃในใ (taberu) ้ฃในใใฎใงใ ใใใฏๆฏๆฅ้ฃในใใฎใงใใ Kore wa mainichi taberu no desu. I eat this every day. ๅฝผใฏ้ญใ้ฃในใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Kare wa sakana o taberu no desu ka? Does he eat fish? ่กใ (iku) ่กใใฎใงใ ๅญฆๆ กใธ่กใใฎใงใใ Gakkou e iku no desu. I am going to school. ใฉใใธ่กใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Doko e iku no desu ka? Where are you going? ๆฅใ (kuru) ๆฅใใฎใงใ ๆๆฅใๅฝผใๆฅใใฎใงใใ Ashita, kare ga kuru no desu. He is coming tomorrow. ใฉใใใฆๆฅใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Doushite kuru no desu ka? Why is he coming? ่ฆใ (miru) ่ฆใใฎใงใ ๅฝผใฏใใฌใใ่ฆใใฎใงใใ Kare wa terebi o miru no desu. He watches TV. ไฝใ่ฆใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Nani o mite iru no desu ka? What are you watching? ๆธใ (kaku) ๆธใใฎใงใ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฅ่จใๆธใใฎใงใใ Kanojo wa nikki o kaku no desu. She writes a diary. ไฝใๆธใใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Nani o kaite iru no desu ka? What are you writing? ่ฉฑใ (hanasu) ่ฉฑใใฎใงใ ๅ ็ใฏๆฅๆฌ่ชใ่ฉฑใใฎใงใใ Sensei wa nihongo o hanasu no desu. The teacher speaks Japanese. ๅฝผใจไฝใ่ฉฑใใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Kare to nani o hanashite ita no desu ka? What were you talking about with him? ่ฒทใ (kau) ่ฒทใใฎใงใ ็งใฏๆฐใใ่ปใ่ฒทใใฎใงใใ Watashi wa atarashii kuruma o kau no desu. I will buy a new car. ไฝใ่ฒทใฃใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Nani o katta no desu ka? What did you buy? ๆณณใ (oyogu) ๆณณใใฎใงใ ๅฝผใฏๆฏๆๆณณใใฎใงใใ Kare wa maiasa oyogu no desu. He swims every morning. ใฉใใงๆณณใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Doko de oyogu no desu ka? Where do you swim? ๅๅผทใใ (benkyou suru) ๅๅผทใใใฎใงใ ็งใฏๆฏๆฅๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅๅผทใใใฎใงใใ Watashi wa mainichi nihongo o benkyou suru no desu. I study Japanese every day. ไฝใๅๅผทใใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Nani o benkyou shite iru no desu ka? What are you studying? ๅใ (hataraku) ๅใใฎใงใ ๅฝผใฏ้่กใงๅใใฎใงใใ Kare wa ginkou de hataraku no desu. He works at a bank. ใฉใใงๅใใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Doko de hataraite iru no desu ka? Where do you work? ่ตฐใ (hashiru) ่ตฐใใฎใงใ ๅฝผใฏๆฏๆๅ ฌๅใง่ตฐใใฎใงใใ Kare wa maiasa kouen de hashiru no desu. He runs in the park every morning. ใฉใฎใใใ่ตฐใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Dono kurai hashiru no desu ka? How far do you run? ๆญใ (utau) ๆญใใฎใงใ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใจใฆใไธๆใซๆญใใฎใงใใ Kanojo wa totemo jouzu ni utau no desu. She sings very well. ใฉใใชๆญใๆญใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Donna uta o utau no desu ka? What kind of songs do you sing? ่ฆใใ (oboeru) ่ฆใใใฎใงใ ็งใฏๆฐใใๅ่ชใ่ฆใใใฎใงใใ Watashi wa atarashii tango o oboeru no desu. I memorize new words. ใฉใใใฃใฆ่ฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ Dou yatte oboeru no desu ka? How do you memorize them? ้ใถ (asobu) ้ใถใฎใงใ ๅญไพใใกใฏๅ ฌๅใง้ใถใฎใงใใ Kodomotachi wa kouen de asobu no desu. The children play in the park. ใฉใใง้ใถใฎใงใใ๏ผ Doko de asobu no desu ka? Where do they play?
More Example Sentences
- ๆๆฅใฏใในใใใใใฎใงใใ
Ashita wa tesuto ga aru no desu.
(There is a test tomorrow.) - ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็
ๆฐใชใฎใงใใ
Kanojo wa byouki na no desu.
(She is sick.) - ใใฎๆฌใฏๅคงๅใชใฎใงใใ
Kono hon wa taisetsu na no desu.
(This book is important.)
4. ๅฝผใฏๆจๆฅๅญฆๆ กใไผใใ ใฎใงใใ
Kare wa kinล gakkล o yasunda no desu.
(He was absent from school yesterday.)5. ใฉใใใฆใใใชใซ็ฒใใฆใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ
Dลshite sonna ni tsukarete iru no desu ka?
(Why are you so tired?)6.ใใฎๆ่จใฏ็ฅ็ถใใใใใฃใใฎใงใใ
Kono tokei wa sofu kara moratta no desu.
(I received this watch from my grandfather.)7. ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฅๆฌใซ่กใใฎใงใใ
Kanojo wa Nihon ni iku no desu.
(She is going to Japan.)8. ้ป่ปใ้ ใใใฎใงใใ
Densha ga okureta no desu.
(The train was delayed.)9.ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏใจใฆใๆๅ็ใ ใฃใใฎใงใใ
Sono eiga wa totemo kandล-teki datta no desu.
(That movie was very emotional.)10.้จใ้ใฃใฆใใใฎใงใใ
Ame ga futte ita no desu.
(It was raining.)
Things to Keep in Mind
- ใฎใงใ is often shortened to ใใงใ in spoken language.
- It is more polite and formal than a direct statement.
- Used in interrogative sentences to seek more information.
- Often used in written explanations and discussions.
Fill in the Blanks
- ใชใๅญฆๆ กใไผใใ ____๏ผ
- ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฅใชใ____ใ
- ็งใฏๅ ็ใซ่ณชๅใใ____ใ
- ใฉใใใฆๆณฃใใฆใใ____ใ๏ผ
- ๅฝผใฏไฝใ่จใใชใใฃใ____ใ
- ใใชใใๆใฃใฆใใใฎใฏ็ฅใฃใฆใใ____ใ
- ๆจๆฅใๅธฐใใ้ ใใชใฃใ____ใ
- ใใฎๆฌใ่ชญใใ ใใจใใใ____ใ๏ผ
- ไปๆฅใฏๆฉใๅฏใใปใใใใ____ใใ
- ๅฝผใใใใชใใจใใใใฏใใใชใ____ใ
Conclusion
The ใใฎใงใ form is an essential grammar structure that allows Japanese speakers to explain reasons, seek clarifications, and emphasize statements naturally. Mastering its usage will significantly improve your fluency in Japanese communication. Practice using ใฎใงใ in different situations, and youโll soon find yourself speaking more like a native!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Donโt forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! ๐
- Affirmative (Present/Future):
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How to Use ใใจใใ in Japanese | My Language Classes
Using ใใจใใ Form in Japanese
The ใใจใใ form is a crucial grammatical structure in Japanese that expresses different stages of an action. It helps indicate whether an action is about to happen, is in progress, or has just been completed. This blog post will cover the formation of ใใจใใ for all three verb groups, its various uses, and provide example sentences, things to keep in mind, exercises, and a conclusion.
Formation of ใใจใใ Form
Group 1 (Ichidan Verbs)
For ichidan (ไธๆฎต) verbs, remove ใ from the dictionary form and add the appropriate auxiliary:
- Before the action: ใใใจใใ
- During the action: ใใฆใใใจใใ
- After the action: ใใใจใใ
Example:
- ้ฃในใ (taberu – to eat)
- Before: ้ฃในใใจใใ (taberu tokoro)
- During: ้ฃในใฆใใใจใใ (tabete iru tokoro)
- After: ้ฃในใใจใใ (tabeta tokoro)
Group 2 (Godan Verbs)
For godan (ไบๆฎต) verbs, use the same rules as ichidan verbs but conjugate accordingly:
- Before the action: Dictionary form + ใจใใ
- During the action: ใฆ-form + ใใใจใใ
- After the action: ใ-form + ใจใใ
Example:
- ่ชญใ (yomu – to read)
- Before: ่ชญใใจใใ (yomu tokoro)
- During: ่ชญใใงใใใจใใ (yonde iru tokoro)
- After: ่ชญใใ ใจใใ (yonda tokoro)
Group 3 (Irregular Verbs)
For irregular verbs like ใใ and ใใ:
- ใใ (suru – to do)
- Before: ใใใจใใ (suru tokoro)
- During: ใใฆใใใจใใ (shite iru tokoro)
- After: ใใใจใใ (shita tokoro)
- ใใ (kuru – to come)
- Before: ใใใจใใ (kuru tokoro)
- During: ใใฆใใใจใใ (kite iru tokoro)
- After: ใใใจใใ (kita tokoro)
Usage of ใใจใใ
Situations where ใใจใใ is used:
Situation Form Used Example Right before an action ใใจใใ ไปใใๅฏใใจใใใงใใ (I’m just about to sleep.) In the middle of an action ใฆใใใจใใ ใกใใใฉๅฎฟ้กใใใฆใใใจใใใงใใ (I am in the middle of doing my homework.) Just after an action ใใจใใ ใกใใใฉใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใใจใใใงใใ (I just finished eating.) To indicate an important moment ใใปใฆใใใปใใจใใ ่ฉฆ้จใๅใใใจใใใ ใฃใใ(I was just about to take the exam.) When explaining a sequence of events ใใจใใ ๅ ็ใซ่ใใใจใใใใใใซ็ญใใใใใฃใใ(When I asked the teacher, I immediately understood the answer.)
Example Sentences
- ้ป่ปใๅบ็บใใใจใใใงใใ
Densha ga shuppatsu suru tokoro desu.
(The train is about to depart.) - ๅฝผใฏไปใ้ป่ฉฑใใฆใใใจใใใงใใ
Kare wa ima, denwa shite iru tokoro desu.
(He is on the phone right now.) - ใกใใใฉๆผใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใใจใใใงใใ
Choudo hirugohan o tabeta tokoro desu.
(I just finished eating lunch.) - ้ฃ่กๆฉใไปใซใ้ฃใถใจใใใงใใ
Hikouki ga ima ni mo tobu tokoro desu.
(The airplane is just about to take off.) - ๅ้ใจ่ฉฑใใฆใใใจใใใงใใใ
Tomodachi to hanashite iru tokoro deshita.
(I was in the middle of talking with my friend.) - ๅฝผใซ่ใใใจใใใใใใซ็ญใใฆใใใพใใใ
Kare ni kiita tokoro, sugu ni kotaete kuremashita.
(When I asked him, he answered immediately.) - ใกใใใฉไปใๅฎถใๅบใใจใใใงใใ
Choudo ima, ie o deru tokoro desu.
(I am just about to leave home.) - ๆ ็ปใ่ฆใฆใใใจใใใงใใ
Eiga o mite iru tokoro desu.
(I am in the middle of watching a movie.) - ่ฒทใ็ฉใ็ตใใฃใใจใใใงใใ
Kaimono ga owatta tokoro desu.
(I just finished shopping.) - ๅๅผทใใใจใใใ ใฃใใฎใซใๅ้ใๆฅใพใใใ
Benkyou suru tokoro datta noni, tomodachi ga kimashita.
(I was about to study, but my friend came.)
Things to Keep in Mind
- ใใจใใ emphasizes timing rather than the state of an action.
- Be careful not to confuse ใใจใใ with ใใฐใใ; ใใจใใ emphasizes immediate completion.
- ใฆใใใจใใ is often used to explain ongoing actions.
- This form is frequently used with words like ใกใใใฉ (exactly, just), ไป (now), ใพใใซ (precisely).
Fill in the Blanks
- ใกใใใฉไปใๆ ็ปใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใงใใ
- ้ฃ่กๆฉใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใงใใใ
- ๅฝผใฏ้ป่ฉฑใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใงใใ
- ไปใๅฎถใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใงใใ
- ็งใฏๅฎฟ้กใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใ ใฃใใ
- ๅ้ใๆฅใใฎใงใใกใใใฉๅบใใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใ ใฃใใ
- ๅ ็ใซ่ใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใใใซ็่งฃใใพใใใ
- ๅฝผใฏใพใ ๅฏใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใงใฏใใใพใใใ
- ใกใใใฉใฌใใผใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใจใใใงใใใ
- ไปไบใ็ตใใฃใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใงใใ
Answers
- ่ฆใฆใใ
- ้ฃใถ
- ใใฆใใ
- ๅบใ
- ใใ
- ใจใใ
- ใจใใ
- ใจใใ
- ๆธใ
- ใจใใ
Conclusion
The ใใจใใ form is an essential grammar point that helps clarify the timing of an action. Whether something is about to happen, currently happening, or has just happened, understanding how to use ใใจใใ correctly will significantly improve your Japanese fluency. Keep practicing, and soon this structure will become second nature in your conversations!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Donโt forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! ๐
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Using ใ้(ใใใ )ใซ in Japanese | My Language Classes
How to Use ใ้(ใใใ )ใซ in Japanese
The phrase “ใ้(ใใใ )ใซ” is an important grammatical structure in Japanese that signifies an action that occurs within a specific time frame or during another ongoing action. In this blog post, we will explore all the possible usages of “ใ้ใซ,” provide example sentences, practice exercises, and conclude with essential points to remember.
Situations Where ใ้(ใใใ )ใซ is Used
- An event occurring within a specified time frame:
- This indicates that something happens while another action or state continues for a limited duration.
- An event occurring before another event finishes:
- The action expressed in “ใ้ใซ” must be completed within the time frame of the main action.
- Unexpected occurrences:
- Sometimes, something unplanned or sudden happens within the given time span.
- Used with verbs in their progressive (ใใฆใใ) or non-progressive forms:
- The verb preceding “้ใซ” can be in its progressive (e.g., ๅๅผทใใฆใใ้ใซ) or simple form (e.g., ๅๅผทใใ้ใซ), but the nuance changes slightly.
Example Sentences with Romaji and English Translation
- ๆฏใฏ่ฒทใ็ฉใใใฆใใ้ใซใ็งใฏๅฎถใฎๆ้คใใใพใใใ
Haha wa kaimono o shite iru aida ni, watashi wa ie no souji o shimashita.
(While my mother was shopping, I cleaned the house.) - ็งใใทใฃใฏใผใๆดใฃใฆใใ้ใซใๅฆปใฏๆผใใฏใไฝใฃใฆใใพใใใ
Watashi ga shawaa o aratte iru aida ni, tsuma wa hirugohan o tsukutte imashita.
(While I was taking a shower, my wife was making lunch.) - ไผๆฉใใฆใใ้ใซใใกใผใซใ็ขบ่ชใใใ
Kyuukei shite iru aida ni, meeru o kakunin shita.
(While I was taking a break, I checked my email.) - ๅ
็ใใ่ฉฑใใฆใใ้ใซใๅญฆ็ใใกใฏใกใขใใจใฃใใ
Sensei ga ohanashi shite iru aida ni, gakusei-tachi wa memo o totta.
(While the teacher was talking, the students took notes.)
Fill in the Blanks Exercise
- ็งใใใฌใใ่ฆใฆใใ____, ๅฆนใฏๅผใๅบใใๆด็ใใฆใใใ
- ็ถใ้ป่ฉฑใใใฆใใ____, ๅญไพใใกใฏ้ใใงใใใ
Answers:
- ้ใซ
- ้ใซ
Things to Keep in Mind
- The phrase “ใ้ใซ” always denotes an action that happens within the specified period.
- The action occurring within “ใ้ใซ” must be completed before the main event ends.
- It is different from “ใ้” without “ใซ” which focuses on continuity rather than completion.
- “ใ้ใซ” is often used for brief actions rather than prolonged ones.
- Some verbs are naturally suited for this structure, like ่ฆใ (miru, to see), ่ชญใ (yomu, to read), etc.
Conclusion
Mastering “ใ้ใซ” is crucial for understanding Japanese time expressions. This structure allows speakers to describe events occurring within a specific time frame accurately. By practicing with examples and exercises, learners can improve their fluency and comprehension. Keep practicing, and soon, using “ใ้ใซ” will become second nature!
If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Donโt forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have about nouns.
Happy learning! ๐
- An event occurring within a specified time frame:
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Using ใใชใใ Form in Japanese | My Language Classes
ใใชใใ Form in Japanese
The ใใชใใ (nagara) form is an essential Japanese grammar structure used to describe two actions happening simultaneously. It is widely used in both casual and formal conversations to indicate multitasking or actions occurring at the same time.
In this blog, we will explore the formation of ใใชใใ for all three verb groups, its various usages, and a comprehensive list of verbs with example sentences. Additionally, we will provide a section with more example sentences, fill-in-the-blank exercises, key points to remember, and a conclusion.
Formation of ใใชใใ for Different Verb Groups
Japanese verbs are categorized into three groups: Group 1 (Godan verbs), Group 2 (Ichidan verbs), and Group 3 (Irregular verbs). Each group follows a specific rule for forming ใใชใใ.
1. Group 1 (Godan Verbs)
For Godan verbs, take the ใพใ-stem of the verb and add ใชใใ.
- Example Formation
- ่ฉฑใ (hanasu โ to speak) โ ่ฉฑใใชใใ (hanashinagara โ while speaking)
- ๆธใ (kaku โ to write) โ ๆธใใชใใ (kakinagara โ while writing)
2. Group 2 (Ichidan Verbs)
For Ichidan verbs, remove ใ from the dictionary form and add ใชใใ.
- Example Formation
- ้ฃในใ (taberu โ to eat) โ ้ฃในใชใใ (tabenagara โ while eating)
- ่ฆใ (miru โ to see) โ ่ฆใชใใ (minagara โ while watching)
3. Group 3 (Irregular Verbs)
There are only two irregular verbs in Japanese: ใใ and ใใ.
- Example Formation
- ใใ (suru โ to do) โ ใใชใใ (shiinagara โ while doing)
- ใใ (kuru โ to come) โ ใใชใใ (kinagara โ while coming)
Situations Where ใใชใใ Form is Used
- Describing Two Simultaneous Actions
- ้ณๆฅฝใ่ใใชใใๅๅผทใใ (Ongaku o kikinagara benkyou suru) โ Study while listening to music.
- Multitasking in Daily Life
- ใใฌใใ่ฆใชใใใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใ (Terebi o minagara gohan o taberu) โ Eat while watching TV.
- Speaking While Performing Another Action
- ็ฌใใชใใ่ฉฑใ (Warainagara hanasu) โ Talk while laughing.
- Contrasting Two Simultaneous Actions
- ๆฒใใฟใชใใ็ฌใ (Kanashiminagara warau) โ Laugh while feeling sad.
- Working or Performing a Task While Doing Something Else
- ไปไบใใใชใใใณใผใใผใ้ฃฒใ (Shigoto o shinagara koohii o nomu) โ Drink coffee while working.
Verb List with ใใชใใ Form and Example Sentences
Verb (Dictionary Form) ใใชใใ Form Example Sentence (Japanese) Romaji English Translation ่ฉฑใ (hanasu) ่ฉฑใใชใใ (hanashinagara) ๅฝผใฏ็ฌใใชใใ่ฉฑใใพใใใ Kare wa warainagara hanashimashita. He spoke while laughing. ๆธใ (kaku) ๆธใใชใใ (kakinagara) ๅ ็ใฏ้ปๆฟใซๆธใใชใใ่ชฌๆใใใ Sensei wa kokuban ni kakinagara setsumei shita. The teacher explained while writing on the board. ่ชญใ (yomu) ่ชญใฟใชใใ (yominagara) ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฌใ่ชญใฟใชใใๅฏใฆใใพใฃใใ Kanojo wa hon o yominagara nete shimatta. She fell asleep while reading a book. ่ฆใ (miru) ่ฆใชใใ (minagara) ๅญไพใใกใฏใขใใกใ่ฆใชใใ็ฌใฃใใ Kodomotachi wa anime o minagara waratta. The children laughed while watching anime. ๆญฉใ (aruku) ๆญฉใใชใใ (arukinagara) ๅฝผใฏ้ณๆฅฝใ่ใใชใใๆญฉใใใ Kare wa ongaku o kikinagara aruita. He walked while listening to music. ้ฃในใ (taberu) ้ฃในใชใใ (tabenagara) ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใฌใใ่ฆใชใใ้ฃในใใ Kanojo wa terebi o minagara taberu. She eats while watching TV. ๆณณใ (oyogu) ๆณณใใชใใ (oyoginagara) ๅฝผใฏๆตทใงๆณณใใชใใๆญใฃใใ Kare wa umi de oyoginagara utatta. He sang while swimming in the sea.
More Example Sentences
- ้ณๆฅฝใ่ใใชใใๅๅผทใใใ
Ongaku o kikinagara benkyou suru.
Study while listening to music. - ใณใผใใผใ้ฃฒใฟใชใใใใฅใผในใ่ฆใใ
Koohii o nominagara nyuusu o miru.
Watch the news while drinking coffee. - ๆ็ใใใชใใใฉใธใชใ่ใใ
Ryouri o shinagara rajio o kiku.
Listen to the radio while cooking. - ่ปใ้่ปขใใชใใๆญใใ
Kuruma o unten shinagara utau.
Sing while driving. - ๅฎฟ้กใใใชใใ้ป่ฉฑใใใใ
Shukudai o shinagara denwa o suru.
Talk on the phone while doing homework.
Fill in the Blanks Questions
- ๆฌใ______ใชใใใใชใฉใใฏในใใพใใ(่ชญใ)
- ้ณๆฅฝใ______ใชใใใ้่ปขใใใ(่ใ)
- ไปไบใ______ใชใใใใใฌใใ่ฆใใ(ใใ)
- ใ้ฃฏใ______ใชใใใๅ้ใจ่ฉฑใใ(้ฃในใ)
- ๆฅๆฌ่ชใ______ใชใใใใกใขใๅใใ(ๅๅผทใใ)
Answers
- ่ชญใฟใชใใ (yominagara)
- ่ใใชใใ (kikinagara)
- ใใชใใ (shiinagara)
- ้ฃในใชใใ (tabenagara)
- ๅๅผทใใชใใ (benkyou shinagara)
Things to Keep in Mind
- The subject of both actions must be the same.
- The ใชใใ clause comes before the main action.
- ใชใใ is used only for actions, not states.
Conclusion
The ใใชใใ form is an important grammar structure in Japanese that allows smooth expression of simultaneous actions. By practicing with various verbs and sentences, you will become more fluent in using it naturally in conversations.
Keep practicing and incorporating ใใชใใ into your daily Japanese studies!
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Happy learning! ๐
- Example Formation