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June 9, 2025

How to Use ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’

Expressing Wishes and Possibilities in Spanish

Have you ever wondered how to express hope, possibility, or uncertainty in Spanish with native-like fluency? Words like “ojalá,” “quizás,” and “tal vez” might seem small, but they are powerful tools for expressing what might, could, or hopefully will happen. These magical words can change the tone of a sentence, shift it from fact to feeling, and show your inner thoughts and wishes in Spanish—just like native speakers do.

In this blog, you’ll learn how to use “ojalá”, “quizás”, and “tal vez” in Spanish the right way. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to fine-tune your fluency, this guide will help you speak more naturally, understand native conversations, and express your hopes and possibilities in daily life. We’ll break everything down in a simple, friendly tone, filled with examples, grammar rules, tips, and exercises—all crafted with global learners like you in mind.

These expressions aren’t just important—they’re essential. Mastering them will help you:

Share what you hope will happen.
Talk about things that might be true.
Sound more fluent and natural in Spanish conversations.

Ready to dive in? Let’s start by understanding what these words really mean.

What Is ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ in Spanish? Explanation and Overview

When learning Spanish, it’s important to go beyond just vocabulary and verbs. Some words carry deep meaning and emotion. Three of the most commonly used words to express hope, possibility, and uncertainty are:

Ojalá
Quizás
Tal vez

These words are used every day by native speakers to express ideas like “I hope it rains,” or “Maybe she’s home,” or “Perhaps we’ll go tomorrow.” They don’t just add variety to your language—they make your Spanish feel alive and real.

Let’s take a closer look at what each of them means and how they work:

1. Ojalá – Expressing Wishes and Hopes

Ojalá comes from Arabic and means “I hope” or “Let’s hope.” It’s often used when you really wish for something to happen, but you’re not sure if it will. It’s full of emotion and desire.

Think of it as saying: “Hopefully,” “If only,” or “God willing.”
Often used with the subjunctive mood, especially when talking about the future or things that are uncertain.

📌 Example:
Ojalá llueva mañana. – I hope it rains tomorrow.

2. Quizás – Expressing Possibility or Uncertainty

Quizás means “maybe” or “perhaps.” It’s used when something might happen or could be true, but you’re unsure. It introduces doubt or possibility into a sentence.

Can be followed by either the indicative or subjunctive mood, depending on how certain or uncertain the speaker feels.

📌 Example:
Quizás ella está en casa. – Maybe she’s at home.
Quizás ella esté en casa. – Perhaps she’s at home. (less certain)

3. Tal vez – Another Way to Say “Maybe”

Tal vez is very similar to quizás and also means “maybe” or “perhaps.” It’s often used in the same way and in similar situations. In fact, in many sentences, you can swap quizás and tal vez without changing the meaning.

Like quizás, it can be followed by either the indicative or the subjunctive mood.

📌 Example:
Tal vez vamos al cine. – Maybe we’re going to the movies.
Tal vez vayamos al cine. – Maybe we’ll go to the movies. (less certain)

Quick Comparison

Word	English Meaning	Mood Usually Used	Function
Ojalá	I hope / Hopefully	Subjunctive	Strong wish or hope
Quizás	Maybe / Perhaps	Indicative or Subjunctive	Possibility or doubt
Tal vez	Maybe / Perhaps	Indicative or Subjunctive	Possibility or doubt

These three little words can open up a whole new way of expressing yourself in Spanish. They show that you’re not just translating from English—you’re thinking in Spanish.

Everyday Sentences Using ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’: 10 Common Examples

Let’s bring these words to life with real, everyday Spanish sentences. Seeing them in action will help you understand when and how to use ojalá, quizás, and tal vez naturally. These examples are simple, clear, and commonly heard in daily conversation.

Each example includes the Spanish sentence, English translation, and the verb mood used (subjunctive or indicative).

🟡 Using “Ojalá” – Expressing Hope

Ojalá no llueva mañana.
I hope it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
→ (Subjunctive – “llueva”)
Ojalá pueda visitarte pronto.
I hope I can visit you soon.
→ (Subjunctive – “pueda”)
Ojalá que ganemos el partido.
Hopefully, we win the game.
→ (Subjunctive – “ganemos”)
Ojalá hubiera estudiado más.
If only I had studied more.
→ (Past subjunctive – “hubiera estudiado”)

🟡 Using “Quizás” – Expressing Possibility

Quizás ellos tienen razón.
Maybe they are right.
→ (Indicative – “tienen”; speaker feels it’s likely)
Quizás no lleguemos a tiempo.
Maybe we won’t arrive on time.
→ (Subjunctive – “lleguemos”; speaker is unsure)
Quizás esté enfermo.
Maybe he is sick.
→ (Subjunctive – “esté”; possibility, not certainty)

🟡 Using “Tal vez” – Expressing Uncertainty

Tal vez vamos a la playa hoy.
Maybe we’re going to the beach today.
→ (Indicative – “vamos”; speaker sees it as likely)
Tal vez ella no sepa la verdad.
Maybe she doesn’t know the truth.
→ (Subjunctive – “sepa”; speaker is unsure)
Tal vez cambie de opinión.
Maybe he’ll change his mind.
→ (Subjunctive – “cambie”; hypothetical situation)

📝 Tip:

If the speaker believes something is likely or factual, use the indicative mood.
If it feels uncertain, doubtful, or hypothetical, use the subjunctive mood.

When to Use ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’: All the Key Situations

Understanding when to use ojalá, quizás, and tal vez is key to sounding fluent and natural in Spanish. These expressions are often used in different types of sentences based on intention, feeling, and uncertainty. Let’s break it down by situation.

🟡 When to Use “Ojalá”

Use ojalá when you want to:

Express a wish or hope about something in the future
👉 Ojalá venga mañana.
(I hope he comes tomorrow.)
Wish for something unlikely or impossible
👉 Ojalá pudiera volar.
(If only I could fly.)
Talk about something you regret or wish had happened differently
👉 Ojalá no hubiera dicho eso.
(I wish I hadn’t said that.)
Say you hope something continues or stays true
👉 Ojalá siempre estemos juntos.
(I hope we’re always together.)

📌 Note: “Ojalá” is always followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood.

🟡 When to Use “Quizás”

Use quizás when you want to:

Say something is possible but not certain
👉 Quizás ella sabe la respuesta.
(Maybe she knows the answer.)
Show doubt or hesitation
👉 Quizás no funcione ese plan.
(Maybe that plan won’t work.)
Express a guess or assumption
👉 Quizás está ocupado.
(Maybe he’s busy.)
Talk about future uncertainty
👉 Quizás lleguen tarde.
(Maybe they’ll arrive late.)

📌 Grammar Tip:

Use the indicative when the speaker believes the action is likely.
Use the subjunctive when there’s doubt or low certainty.

🟡 When to Use “Tal vez”

Use tal vez in similar ways to “quizás”:

Express uncertainty or a soft suggestion
👉 Tal vez deberías descansar.
(Maybe you should rest.)
Guess what someone might be doing or thinking
👉 Tal vez está en casa.
(Maybe she’s at home.)
Indicate possible future action
👉 Tal vez vayamos al parque.
(Maybe we’ll go to the park.)
Talk about possible past situations
👉 Tal vez se olvidó de llamar.
(Maybe he forgot to call.)

📌 Grammar Tip:

Like “quizás,” it works with either indicative or subjunctive depending on how sure or unsure you are.

🧠 Quick Recap: Key Usage Situations

Expression	Use it when you want to…	Mood Used
Ojalá	Express hope, wishes, or regrets	Always subjunctive
Quizás	Show doubt, possibility, or mild certainty	Indicative/Subjunctive
Tal vez	Express possibility, uncertainty, soft ideas	Indicative/Subjunctive

Conjugation Rules for ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’

When you use ojalá, quizás, or tal vez, the verb that follows is often in the subjunctive mood—but not always! Knowing which verb form to use depends on the level of certainty or wishfulness you’re expressing. This section will guide you through the most common conjugation patterns for these expressions.

🟡 Ojalá + Subjunctive (Always)

Whenever you use ojalá, the verb that follows must always be in the subjunctive mood, no matter the tense.

🔹 Present Subjunctive (for future hope)

Ojalá tú vengas temprano.
(I hope you come early.)

Conjugation pattern:
Present tense root + subjunctive ending

Hablar → hable, hables, hable…
Comer → coma, comas, coma…
Vivir → viva, vivas, viva…

🔹 Imperfect Subjunctive (for unreal or unlikely wishes)

Ojalá tuviera más tiempo.
(I wish I had more time.)

Conjugation pattern:
Third person plural preterite form → drop -ron → add -ra/-se endings

Tener → tuviera / tuviese
Ser → fuera / fuese

🔹 Past Perfect Subjunctive (for regrets about the past)

Ojalá no hubiera dicho eso.
(I wish I hadn’t said that.)

Conjugation pattern:
Ojalá + hubiera + past participle

Hacer → hubiera hecho
Ver → hubiera visto

🟡 Quizás and Tal vez + Indicative OR Subjunctive

These two expressions are more flexible. The verb form depends on how certain or uncertain the speaker is.

🔹 Use Indicative when the speaker is more certain or confident

Tal vez ella viene mañana.
(Maybe she’s coming tomorrow.)
Quizás tienen razón.
(Maybe they are right.)

Conjugation: Use regular present or past indicative forms.

🔹 Use Subjunctive when the speaker is uncertain or doubtful

Quizás llueva más tarde.
(Maybe it’ll rain later.)
Tal vez no sepa la respuesta.
(Maybe he doesn’t know the answer.)

Conjugation pattern:
Follow the present subjunctive form

Llover → llueva
Saber → sepa

🔁 Quick Conjugation Guide

Expression	Mood Required	Examples
Ojalá	Always subjunctive	Ojalá gane, Ojalá tuviera, Ojalá hubiera ido
Quizás	Indicative (likely) / Subjunctive (uncertain)	Quizás viene / Quizás venga
Tal vez	Indicative (likely) / Subjunctive (uncertain)	Tal vez está / Tal vez esté

✨ Helpful Tips

When in doubt, subjunctive is the safer choice with all three.
The tense of the subjunctive (present, imperfect, past perfect) reflects the time and degree of reality of the action.
“Ojalá que” and “ojalá” mean the same thing—“que” is optional and does not change the verb form.

‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Grammar Rules You Need to Know

These three expressions — ojalá, quizás, and tal vez — are all about expressing hope, doubt, and possibility in Spanish. But they follow very specific grammar rules. Learning these rules will help you avoid common mistakes and use each word naturally and confidently in real-life conversations.

Let’s break down the must-know grammar rules for each one.

🟡 Grammar Rules for “Ojalá”

✅ Always followed by the subjunctive mood
- Ojalá tenga suerte.
  (I hope I have good luck.)
✅ Can express present, future, or past feelings
- Ojalá gane el premio. (present/future)
- Ojalá hubiera estudiado más. (past regret)
✅ “Que” is optional
- Ojalá que llegues temprano. = Ojalá llegues temprano.
❌ Never followed by the indicative mood
- Incorrect: Ojalá vienes mañana.
- Correct: Ojalá vengas mañana.
✅ Can be used alone for emphasis
- ¡Ojalá! (as in “Let’s hope so!”)

🟡 Grammar Rules for “Quizás”

✅ Can be followed by either the indicative or subjunctive mood
- Use indicative when the speaker is confident
  ➤ Quizás ella viene pronto.
- Use subjunctive when there’s doubt
  ➤ Quizás ella venga pronto.
✅ No need for “que”
- Never say: Quizás que ella venga ❌
✅ Use with all tenses depending on the context
- Quizás fue un error. (past)
- Quizás esté enfermo. (present subjunctive)
✅ Comes before or after the subject/verb
- Quizás él tenga razón.
- Él quizás tenga razón.
  (Both are correct and natural)

🟡 Grammar Rules for “Tal vez”

✅ Also works with indicative or subjunctive
- Certainty → Indicative: Tal vez están en casa.
- Uncertainty → Subjunctive: Tal vez estén en casa.
✅ No “que” is needed
- Correct: Tal vez lleguen tarde.
- Incorrect: Tal vez que lleguen tarde.
✅ Can be used in the past, present, or future
- Tal vez dijo eso sin pensar.
- Tal vez diga eso otra vez.
✅ Same word order flexibility as “quizás”
- Tal vez lo sepa ella.
- Ella tal vez lo sepa.

📚 Grammar Summary Table

Expression	Subjunctive?	Indicative?	Can use “que”?	Mood Depends On…
Ojalá	✅ Always	❌ Never	Optional	Time & wish intensity
Quizás	✅ Sometimes	✅ Sometimes	❌ Never	Level of certainty
Tal vez	✅ Sometimes	✅ Sometimes	❌ Never	Speaker’s perception

🧠 Bonus Rule: Tone and Emotion Matter

The verb mood doesn’t just follow grammar—it follows your intention:

Are you hoping? Use ojalá + subjunctive.
Are you guessing but pretty sure? Use quizás/tal vez + indicative.
Are you unsure or expressing possibility? Use quizás/tal vez + subjunctive.

Important Tips for Using ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Correctly

Using ojalá, quizás, and tal vez in Spanish can feel simple at first, but small mistakes can make your sentence sound unnatural or confusing. This section gives you the top usage tips to help you sound fluent and clear, whether you’re speaking or writing in Spanish.

Let’s explore how to use these expressions like a native speaker!

✅ Tip 1: Choose the Right Verb Mood Based on Certainty

More certain? Use the indicative.
Less certain or hypothetical? Use the subjunctive.

Example:

Tal vez viene mañana. (You think it’s likely.)
Tal vez venga mañana. (You’re unsure.)

✅ Tip 2: “Ojalá” Always Needs the Subjunctive

Never use ojalá with the indicative. Whether it’s hope for the present, future, or past, the verb must be in some form of the subjunctive.

Example:

Ojalá me llame hoy.
Ojalá me hubiera llamado ayer.

✅ Tip 3: Avoid Adding “Que” to ‘Quizás’ or ‘Tal vez’

Unlike ojalá, the other two expressions never take que.

❌ Quizás que ella venga
✅ Quizás ella venga

❌ Tal vez que él estudie
✅ Tal vez él estudie

✅ Tip 4: Don’t Be Afraid of the Subjunctive

Many learners avoid the subjunctive because it feels complex. But these expressions are the perfect way to practice real-life subjunctive usage naturally. They’re short, flexible, and used all the time.

✅ Tip 5: Remember You Can Skip the Subject

In casual or poetic speech, Spanish often drops the subject after these words.

Example:

Quizás llueva más tarde. (Instead of quizás él llueva…)
Ojalá funcione esto. (Instead of ojalá esto funcione)

✅ Tip 6: These Words Work in Formal and Informal Settings

You can use these expressions:

In emails: Quizás podamos reunirnos mañana.
In conversation: Ojalá no llueva.
In stories: Tal vez el príncipe nunca llegó…

They’re versatile and natural in all registers.

✅ Tip 7: You Can Combine Them for Emphasis

Native speakers sometimes double up for effect:

Quizás, tal vez, nunca lo sabremos.
(Maybe, just maybe, we’ll never know.)

Use sparingly for style or drama, especially in storytelling or creative writing.

✅ Tip 8: Use These Expressions to Soften Your Opinions

If you want to be polite, these phrases help you sound less direct or harsh.

Example:

Tal vez no sea una buena idea.
(Maybe it’s not such a good idea.) – softer than directly saying No es buena idea.

Common Mistakes with ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ and How to Fix Them

Even advanced Spanish learners sometimes make mistakes with ojalá, quizás, and tal vez. These words might look easy, but they come with hidden grammar rules that are easy to overlook. Let’s go over the most common errors — and how to fix them so you sound natural and confident every time.

❌ Mistake 1: Using the Indicative Mood with “Ojalá”

Wrong:
Ojalá tengo suerte.
(This uses the indicative “tengo” instead of the required subjunctive.)

Right:
Ojalá tenga suerte.
(“Tenga” is the present subjunctive of “tener.”)

✅ Fix: Always use the subjunctive after “ojalá.”

❌ Mistake 2: Adding “Que” After “Quizás” or “Tal vez”

Wrong:
Quizás que él venga más tarde.
Tal vez que ella se vaya temprano.

Right:
Quizás él venga más tarde.
Tal vez ella se vaya temprano.

✅ Fix: Don’t ever use “que” after quizás or tal vez.

❌ Mistake 3: Not Matching the Mood with Certainty

Wrong:
Quizás él vendrá mañana.
(Using future indicative when the situation is doubtful.)

Right:
Quizás él venga mañana.
(Using present subjunctive shows uncertainty.)

✅ Fix: Use indicative for high certainty, subjunctive for doubt or speculation.

❌ Mistake 4: Confusing Past and Present Subjunctive Forms

Wrong:
Ojalá él vino.
(“Vino” is past indicative, which doesn’t work with “ojalá.”)

Right:
Ojalá él hubiera venido.
(This correctly uses the past perfect subjunctive.)

✅ Fix: Use past subjunctive or past perfect subjunctive for regrets or wishes about the past.

❌ Mistake 5: Overusing These Expressions

Wrong:
Ojalá venga.
Quizás venga.
Tal vez venga.
(All in one short conversation — sounds repetitive.)

Right:
Pick one expression based on the feeling:

Ojalá venga (hope)
Quizás venga (possibility)
Tal vez venga (possibility, slightly softer)

✅ Fix: Choose the one that best fits the emotion you want to show.

❌ Mistake 6: Using “Ojalá” with a Known Result

Wrong:
Ojalá ganamos el partido.
(If the game is over and you already know the result, “ojalá” doesn’t make sense.)

Right:
Qué bueno que ganamos el partido.
Or if you’re unsure about the outcome:
Ojalá hayamos ganado el partido.

✅ Fix: Only use ojalá when there’s still hope or doubt.

❌ Mistake 7: Forgetting That “Ojalá” Can Be Used Without “Que”

Wrong:
Ojalá que ella pase el examen.
(This isn’t wrong, but beginners often think “que” is required.)

Right:
Ojalá ella pase el examen.
Ojalá pase el examen.

✅ Fix: Remember “que” is optional with ojalá, but never allowed with quizás or tal vez.

✅ Quick Recap Table

Mistake	What’s Wrong	Correct Form
Ojalá + indicative	Ojalá tengo suerte	Ojalá tenga suerte
“Que” after quizás/tal vez	Quizás que él venga	Quizás él venga
Wrong mood with certainty	Quizás él vendrá	Quizás él venga
Wrong past form	Ojalá él vino	Ojalá él hubiera venido
Repeating all expressions	Ojalá, quizás, tal vez…	Use just one
Using “ojalá” after confirmed results	Ojalá ganamos	Qué bueno que ganamos
Thinking “que” is required with “ojalá”	Ojalá que ella pase	Ojalá pase

20 ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Example Sentences for Better Understanding

Understanding grammar is great — but seeing it in action is even better. Here are 20 real-life examples showing how to use ojalá, quizás, and tal vez in everyday Spanish. Each sentence comes with a clear English translation so you can feel confident using these expressions in your own conversations.

These examples include different verb tenses, moods, and situations — from daily chats to more emotional expressions.

🌟 Examples Using ‘Ojalá’

Ojalá me llame hoy.
👉 I hope he calls me today.
Ojalá tengas un buen día.
👉 I hope you have a good day.
Ojalá podamos ir al cine esta noche.
👉 Hopefully, we can go to the movies tonight.
Ojalá no llueva mañana.
👉 I hope it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
Ojalá hubieras estado allí.
👉 I wish you had been there.
Ojalá todo salga bien.
👉 I hope everything turns out well.
Ojalá gane mi equipo favorito.
👉 I hope my favorite team wins.

🌟 Examples Using ‘Quizás’

Quizás ella llegue tarde.
👉 Maybe she will arrive late.
Quizás no sepa la respuesta.
👉 Maybe he doesn’t know the answer.
Quizás hace calor porque el sol brilla mucho.
👉 Maybe it’s hot because the sun is shining a lot.
Quizás vayamos a la playa este fin de semana.
👉 Maybe we’ll go to the beach this weekend.
Quizás fue un malentendido.
👉 Maybe it was a misunderstanding.
Quizás él no quiera hablar ahora.
👉 Maybe he doesn’t want to talk now.

🌟 Examples Using ‘Tal vez’

Tal vez ella tenga razón.
👉 Maybe she’s right.
Tal vez llueva esta tarde.
👉 Maybe it will rain this afternoon.
Tal vez estén ocupados.
👉 Maybe they are busy.
Tal vez no entendieron la pregunta.
👉 Maybe they didn’t understand the question.
Tal vez puedas ayudarme más tarde.
👉 Maybe you can help me later.
Tal vez me equivoqué.
👉 Maybe I was wrong.
Tal vez mañana sea mejor.
👉 Maybe tomorrow will be better.

Each of these examples shows how mood and meaning shift depending on the verb tense and level of certainty. Practice repeating these out loud and changing the subjects or verbs to create your own sentences!

‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Fill-in-the-Blank Exercise: Test Your Knowledge

It’s time to put your skills to the test! Fill in the blanks with the correct form of ojalá, quizás, or tal vez, along with the right verb conjugation (subjunctive or indicative as needed). This exercise will help you master expressing wishes, hopes, and possibilities in Spanish.

Instructions:

Use ojalá, quizás, or tal vez to complete each sentence.
Choose the correct verb tense and mood.
Remember the tips you’ve learned about moods and grammar rules.

Fill in the blanks:

_______ (to rain) mañana, así no tenemos que regar las plantas.
_______ ella no venga a la fiesta esta noche.
_______ que tengas un buen viaje.
_______ (to be) difícil encontrar la respuesta correcta.
_______ ya están aquí, pero no lo sabemos.
_______ él _______ (to call) más tarde.
_______ no me _______ (to entender) bien.
_______ que nosotros _______ (to poder) ayudarte.
_______ ojalá _______ (haber) más tiempo para estudiar.
_______ no _______ (to llegar) a tiempo.
_______ ellos no quieran salir hoy.
_______ que María _______ (to estar) enferma.
_______ ojalá tú _______ (to venir) con nosotros.
_______ sea verdad lo que dicen.
_______ él _______ (to tener) razón.
_______ ojalá no _______ (haber) problemas en el examen.
_______ nosotros _______ (to encontrar) la solución pronto.
_______ ella _______ (to saber) la respuesta correcta.
_______ que mañana _______ (to hacer) buen tiempo.
_______ ojalá _______ (haber) paz en el mundo.

Check Your Answers for the ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Exercise

Tal vez llueva mañana, así no tenemos que regar las plantas.
Quizás ella no venga a la fiesta esta noche.
Ojalá que tengas un buen viaje.
Quizás sea difícil encontrar la respuesta correcta.
Tal vez ya están aquí, pero no lo sabemos.
Quizás él llame más tarde.
Tal vez no me entienden bien.
Quizás que nosotros podamos ayudarte. (Note: “que” is optional but often omitted)
Ojalá hubiera más tiempo para estudiar.
Quizás no lleguen a tiempo.
Tal vez ellos no quieran salir hoy.
Quizás María esté enferma.
Ojalá tú vengas con nosotros.
Tal vez sea verdad lo que dicen.
Quizás él tenga razón.
Ojalá no haya problemas en el examen.
Quizás nosotros encontremos la solución pronto.
Tal vez ella sepa la respuesta correcta.
Quizás que mañana haga buen tiempo.
Ojalá haya paz en el mundo.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’

1. What is the difference between ‘ojalá’, ‘quizás’, and ‘tal vez’?

Ojalá expresses a strong wish or hope, often with emotional intensity.
Quizás and tal vez both mean “maybe” or “perhaps,” used to express possibility or doubt.
Ojalá always triggers the subjunctive mood, while quizás and tal vez can use subjunctive or indicative depending on certainty.

2. Do I always have to use the subjunctive after these words?

For ojalá, yes, always use the subjunctive.
For quizás and tal vez, use subjunctive when expressing doubt or uncertainty; use indicative if the speaker feels sure or it’s a fact.

3. Can I use ‘que’ after ‘ojalá’, ‘quizás’, or ‘tal vez’?

You can use que after ojalá, but it’s optional.
You should not use que after quizás or tal vez.

4. Can ‘ojalá’ be used to talk about the past?

Yes! Use the past perfect subjunctive with ojalá to express wishes or regrets about the past.
Example: Ojalá hubiera estudiado más. (I wish I had studied more.)

5. Is there a difference between ‘quizás’ and ‘tal vez’?

They are mostly interchangeable in meaning.
Quizás is slightly more formal and common in writing, while tal vez is often heard in speech.

6. Can I use these words in questions?

Yes, especially quizás and tal vez, for example: ¿Quizás venga ella? (Maybe she will come?)
Ojalá is usually used in statements rather than questions.

7. Can ‘ojalá’ be used without a verb?

No, ojalá must be followed by a verb phrase in subjunctive.

8. Are there synonyms for these expressions?

Yes, alternatives include a lo mejor (maybe, probably) and puede ser (it could be). However, ojalá is unique as a wish expression.

9. How do I pronounce ‘ojalá’?

It’s pronounced: oh-ha-LÁ (stress on the last syllable).

10. Is ‘ojalá’ only used in Spain or all Spanish-speaking countries?

Ojalá is widely used throughout the Spanish-speaking world, from Spain to Latin America.

Key Takeaways: ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ Summary and Important Points

Ojalá expresses a strong hope or wish and always requires the subjunctive mood.
Use past perfect subjunctive with ojalá to talk about wishes or regrets in the past.
Quizás and Tal vez both mean “maybe” or “perhaps” and are used to express possibility or doubt.
Quizás and Tal vez can be followed by either subjunctive (for uncertainty) or indicative (for likelihood or fact).
The word ‘que’ is optional after ojalá, but not used after quizás or tal vez.
Quizás is slightly more formal and common in writing, while tal vez is more common in spoken Spanish.
All three expressions are versatile and widely used across all Spanish-speaking countries.
Practice these words with different tenses and moods to gain confidence in expressing hopes and possibilities.
Remember that these words help add emotion, doubt, and uncertainty to your sentences—key for sounding natural in Spanish!
Listening and repeating example sentences is the best way to master their use.

Conclusion: Mastering ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ to Express Wishes and Possibilities in Spanish

Mastering ojalá, quizás, and tal vez is a major step toward sounding like a confident Spanish speaker. These expressions allow you to communicate hopes, wishes, and possibilities with natural emotion and nuance—whether you’re talking about the present, future, or even the past.

By understanding their meanings, grammar rules, and differences, and practicing with plenty of examples and exercises, you’ll improve both your fluency and your ability to express yourself clearly in Spanish.

Keep practicing these phrases every day, listen for them in conversations, and try creating your own sentences. Soon enough, using ojalá, quizás, and tal vez will feel second nature!

Ready to take your Spanish skills even further?

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Stay curious, keep practicing, and ¡buena suerte! Your journey to mastering Spanish is just getting started.

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June 8, 2025

Understanding ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’

Verb Phrases in Spanish Explained

If you’ve ever wondered how to say things like “I stopped eating sugar,” “I started studying again,” or “I’m still learning Spanish” in Spanish—then you’re in exactly the right place.

Spanish verb phrases like “dejar de”, “volver a”, and “seguir” are simple but powerful expressions that help you talk about habits, changes, and ongoing actions in everyday conversations. These are called perífrasis verbales or verb phrase structures, and they’re essential grammar tools every Spanish learner needs to master—whether you’re just starting out or trying to sound more fluent.

In this guide, you’ll learn how to use these everyday phrases with real-life examples, clear rules, and helpful tips to avoid common mistakes. Whether you’re saying you’ve stopped doing something (dejar de), started again (volver a), or are still doing it (seguir), you’ll soon be able to express yourself naturally and confidently in Spanish.

Let’s dive into these high-frequency verbs and start using them like a native speaker!

What Is ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’? Explanation and Overview

When learning Spanish, it’s important not just to learn verbs, but also the common phrases that come with them. That’s where ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ come in. These are called verb phrases (or perífrasis verbales in Spanish), and they help describe how actions happen over time—whether they stop, start again, or continue.

Let’s break each one down simply:

✅ Dejar de + infinitive

Meaning: To stop doing something
English equivalent: to quit, to stop, to give up

Example: Dejé de fumar. – “I stopped smoking.”

✅ Volver a + infinitive

Meaning: To do something again
English equivalent: to go back to, to do again, to return to

Example: Volvimos a ver esa película. – “We watched that movie again.”

✅ Seguir + gerund (verb ending in -ando/-iendo)

Meaning: To continue doing something
English equivalent: to keep doing, to still be doing

Example: Sigo estudiando español. – “I’m still studying Spanish.”

Why These Phrases Matter

These verb structures are used every single day by native Spanish speakers to talk about actions that:

Have stopped (dejar de)
Have started again (volver a)
Are still happening (seguir)

They help you:

Express your routines and habits
Talk about personal goals or changes
Understand native conversations more easily
Sound more natural when speaking Spanish

Simple Pattern to Remember

Verb Phrase	Structure Example	English Meaning
dejar de	dejar de + [infinitive]	to stop doing something
volver a	volver a + [infinitive]	to do something again
seguir	seguir + [gerund]	to continue doing something

Everyday Sentences Using ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’: 10 Common Examples

The best way to learn how to use ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ is by seeing them in real sentences. These examples are taken straight from everyday conversations. You’ll hear phrases like these all the time from native Spanish speakers.

Each example includes the Spanish sentence and its English translation, so you can see exactly how the meaning works.

✅ Examples with “Dejar de” (To Stop Doing Something)

Dejé de comer carne hace dos años.
I stopped eating meat two years ago.
¿Vas a dejar de fumar algún día?
Are you going to stop smoking someday?
Mi hermana dejó de estudiar medicina.
My sister quit studying medicine.
Tenemos que dejar de gastar tanto dinero.
We have to stop spending so much money.

🔁 Examples with “Volver a” (To Do Again)

Volvimos a hablar después de muchos años.
We talked again after many years.
Voy a volver a intentar mañana.
I’m going to try again tomorrow.
¿Volverás a visitarnos este verano?
Will you visit us again this summer?

🔄 Examples with “Seguir” (To Keep Doing Something)

Sigo aprendiendo español todos los días.
I keep learning Spanish every day.
¿Todavía sigues trabajando en la misma empresa?
Are you still working at the same company?
El niño seguía llorando cuando llegamos.
The child was still crying when we arrived.

These simple examples show how these verbs help you talk about real actions, past or present. You can mix them with almost any activity—eating, working, learning, reading, or even relaxing!

When to Use ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’: All the Key Situations

Now that you’ve seen some real examples, it’s time to break down exactly when to use each of these Spanish verb phrases. These expressions are common, but each one has a unique purpose. Knowing when to use them is the key to speaking naturally and correctly.

Let’s explore the different situations for each phrase, with simple examples and explanations.

✅ When to Use “Dejar de” – To Stop Doing Something

Use “dejar de + infinitive” when you want to talk about:

Quitting a habit
Ejemplo: Dejé de fumar. – I quit smoking.
Ending an activity
Ejemplo: Dejamos de ver la serie. – We stopped watching the series.
Stopping a repeated behavior
Ejemplo: ¿Por qué no dejas de interrumpirme? – Why don’t you stop interrupting me?
Changing lifestyle choices
Ejemplo: Mi papá dejó de tomar alcohol. – My dad stopped drinking alcohol.

🔁 When to Use “Volver a” – To Do Something Again

Use “volver a + infinitive” when you’re talking about doing something again or returning to a past action.

Restarting something after stopping
Ejemplo: Volví a estudiar después de un año. – I started studying again after a year.
Revisiting old habits or routines
Ejemplo: Voy a volver a correr por las mañanas. – I’m going to start running again in the mornings.
Giving something another try
Ejemplo: Tenemos que volver a intentarlo. – We have to try again.
Resuming contact or communication
Ejemplo: Volví a hablar con mi ex. – I started talking to my ex again.

🔄 When to Use “Seguir” – To Continue Doing Something

Use “seguir + gerund (verb ending in -ando or -iendo)” to talk about actions that are still happening or that continue over time.

Ongoing actions in the present
Ejemplo: Sigo estudiando cada noche. – I still study every night.
Continued habits or routines
Ejemplo: ¿Sigues yendo al gimnasio? – Do you still go to the gym?
Actions that didn’t stop in the past
Ejemplo: Seguía hablando aunque nadie escuchaba. – He kept talking even though no one was listening.
To show persistence or determination
Ejemplo: Sigue luchando por sus sueños. – He keeps fighting for his dreams.

🔑 Quick Comparison Table

Situation	Use This Verb Phrase	Example
Quitting or stopping something	dejar de + infinitive	Dejé de usar redes sociales.
Doing something again	volver a + infinitive	Volvimos a salir juntos.
Continuing or still doing something	seguir + gerund	Sigo trabajando en mi proyecto.

Each of these verb phrases connects your ideas to time—past, present, or future—making your Spanish sound much more natural.

Conjugation Rules for ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’

To use ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ correctly, you need to know how to conjugate them in different tenses. These verbs work just like regular verbs (mostly), but since you’re combining them with another verb, it’s important to get the structure right.

Here’s how to conjugate each of them in the most common tenses: present, past, and future.

✅ 1. Dejar de + Infinitive

“Dejar” is a regular -ar verb, so it’s easy to conjugate.

📅 Present Tense – “I stop / am stopping”

Subject	Conjugation	Example
Yo	dejo de	Yo dejo de comer pan. (I stop eating bread.)
Tú	dejas de	Tú dejas de hablar. (You stop talking.)
Él/Ella	deja de	Él deja de correr. (He stops running.)
Nosotros	dejamos de	Nosotros dejamos de pelear. (We stop fighting.)
Ellos	dejan de	Ellos dejan de jugar videojuegos. (They stop playing video games.)

⏳ Past Tense (Preterite) – “I stopped”

🔮 Future Tense – “I will stop”

🔁 2. Volver a + Infinitive

“Volver” is an irregular -er verb. The stem changes from o → ue in the present tense.

📅 Present Tense – “I do again / I return to”

⏳ Past Tense (Preterite) – “I did again”

🔮 Future Tense – “I will do again”

🔄 3. Seguir + Gerund (-ando / -iendo)

“Seguir” is an e → i stem-changing verb in the present tense.

📅 Present Tense – “I keep doing / I am still doing”

⏳ Past Tense (Imperfect) – “I was still doing”

🔮 Future Tense – “I will still be doing”

🧠 Tip to Remember

Use infinitives after dejar de and volver a
(Ex: dejar de fumar, volver a leer)
Use the gerund (-ando/-iendo) after seguir
(Ex: seguir caminando, seguir aprendiendo)

‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ Grammar Rules You Need to Know

Understanding how these verb phrases work in Spanish is key to using them correctly. Even though they’re commonly used in casual conversation, they follow very specific grammar rules. Let’s break these rules down in a way that’s easy to remember and apply—whether you’re writing or speaking Spanish.

✅ Rule #1: Use the Right Verb Form + Verb Structure

Each of the three expressions follows a unique structure:

Verb Phrase	Structure You Must Follow	Example in Spanish	English Translation
dejar de	dejar de + infinitive	Dejé de comer azúcar.	I stopped eating sugar.
volver a	volver a + infinitive	Volvimos a bailar.	We danced again.
seguir	seguir + gerund	Sigo estudiando español.	I’m still studying Spanish.

✅ Rule #2: No Article or Preposition Before the Second Verb

Don’t use “el”, “la”, or “de” before the second verb. The structure should be clean and direct, like:

❌ Dejé de la fumar.
✅ Dejé de fumar.
❌ Volví a de correr.
✅ Volví a correr.
❌ Sigo de leer.
✅ Sigo leyendo.

✅ Rule #3: Follow Gender and Number Only for the Subject

These verb phrases do not change based on the gender of the action or object—only the subject needs to match the verb conjugation:

Ella deja de hablar. (She stops talking.)
Ellos vuelven a entrenar. (They train again.)
Nosotros seguimos trabajando. (We keep working.)

✅ Rule #4: You Can Use These in Any Tense

These verb phrases work with any verb tense—present, past, future, or even subjunctive. Here’s how:

Present: Sigo leyendo cada noche. – I keep reading every night.
Past (preterite): Dejaron de ir al parque. – They stopped going to the park.
Future: Volveré a llamarte mañana. – I will call you again tomorrow.
Subjunctive (advanced): Espero que no vuelvas a hacerlo. – I hope you don’t do it again.

✅ Rule #5: You Can Add Time Expressions for Clarity

Adding time words makes your sentences even more natural:

Dejé de correr hace un mes. – I stopped running a month ago.
Volvimos a salir el viernes pasado. – We went out again last Friday.
¿Sigues estudiando todos los días? – Are you still studying every day?

✅ Rule #6: Negative Sentences Use “No” Before the Conjugated Verb

To make a sentence negative, simply place “no” before the first verb (not the second one!):

No dejo de pensar en ti. – I can’t stop thinking about you.
No volvió a llamarme. – He didn’t call me again.
No seguimos hablando. – We’re no longer talking.

These grammar rules are the foundation of using ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ correctly. Practice them a few times, and they’ll soon become second nature.

Important Tips for Using ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ Correctly

If you want to speak Spanish with confidence and sound more like a native, mastering ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ is a must. These little phrases pack a big punch, but they can also be tricky. Here are some simple but powerful tips to help you use them smoothly in conversations, writing, and beyond.

💡 Tip #1: Don’t Translate Word-for-Word from English

These verb phrases don’t always have direct word-for-word equivalents in English. For example:

“Seguir comiendo” literally means “to follow eating,” but it actually means “to keep eating.”
“Volver a estudiar” literally means “to return to study,” but it means “to study again.”

✅ What to do instead: Learn the phrase as a full expression, not just as separate words.

💡 Tip #2: Always Double-Check the Verb Form That Follows

This is one of the most common errors! Make sure you’re using:

Infinitive with “dejar de” → Dejé de fumar.
Infinitive with “volver a” → Voy a volver a leer ese libro.
Gerund with “seguir” → Sigo aprendiendo español.

❌ Wrong: Volví a caminando
✅ Right: Volví a caminar

💡 Tip #3: Pay Attention to Stem Changes in Conjugation

Both “volver” and “seguir” are stem-changing verbs in the present tense.

Volver → yo vuelvo, tú vuelves
Seguir → yo sigo, tú sigues

Practice these forms a few times until they feel natural when you say them.

💡 Tip #4: Use with Emotional or Motivational Phrases

These expressions are great when talking about personal growth, change, or persistence:

Dejé de tener miedo. – I stopped being afraid.
Volveré a intentarlo. – I’ll try again.
Sigo creyendo en mí. – I still believe in myself.

They’re perfect for stories, life updates, and goals.

💡 Tip #5: Practice with Real-Life Routines

Use these phrases to talk about your daily habits or life changes. Try writing a few sentences like:

“I stopped drinking soda.”
“I’m still learning piano.”
“I want to start exercising again.”

Translate them into Spanish using the structures you’ve learned:

Dejé de tomar refrescos.
Sigo aprendiendo piano.
Quiero volver a hacer ejercicio.

💡 Tip #6: Combine with Other Verbs for Fluency

Once you’re confident with the basics, use them in longer sentences:

Después de dejar de trabajar, empecé a viajar.
(After I stopped working, I started traveling.)
Voy a seguir estudiando aunque esté cansado.
(I’m going to keep studying even if I’m tired.)

This will take your Spanish to the next level!

💡 Tip #7: Practice Speaking Out Loud

The more you say these phrases aloud, the easier they’ll feel. Try these quick drills:

“Yo dejo de…”
“Tú vuelves a…”
“Nosotros seguimos…”

Mix and match them with different verbs to create natural phrases in seconds.

Common Mistakes with ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ – and How to Fix Them

Even advanced Spanish learners sometimes slip up with ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’. The good news is, these mistakes are easy to fix once you understand why they happen. Here are the most common errors learners make—and exactly how to avoid them.

❌ Mistake 1: Using the Wrong Verb Form After the Phrase

This is the #1 error students make.

❌ Sigo a estudiar español.
✅ Sigo estudiando español. (I’m still studying Spanish.)
❌ Volvimos a jugando fútbol.
✅ Volvimos a jugar fútbol. (We played soccer again.)

Fix it:

Always use the infinitive after ‘dejar de’ and ‘volver a’
Always use the gerund (-ando/-iendo) after ‘seguir’

❌ Mistake 2: Translating Directly from English

Some learners try to translate word for word:

❌ I stop to smoke → Paro a fumar
✅ Dejo de fumar → (I stop smoking)
❌ We keep to talk → Seguimos a hablar
✅ Seguimos hablando → (We keep talking)

Fix it:
Learn these as fixed expressions, not just individual words.

❌ Mistake 3: Forgetting Stem Changes in the Present Tense

Verbs like seguir and volver change their stems in the present tense.

❌ Yo volvo a leer
✅ Yo vuelvo a leer (I read again)
❌ Yo seguo estudiando
✅ Yo sigo estudiando (I keep studying)

Fix it:

Volver → vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve…
Seguir → sigo, sigues, sigue…

❌ Mistake 4: Using “de” or “el” Between the Two Verbs

This one’s sneaky and common:

❌ Dejé de el fumar
✅ Dejé de fumar
❌ Volví de correr
✅ Volví a correr

Fix it:
Never add extra words between the two verbs unless absolutely necessary. Keep it direct.

❌ Mistake 5: Misplacing “no” in Negative Sentences

The word “no” must go before the conjugated verb, not in the middle of the phrase.

❌ Dejé no de hablar.
✅ No dejé de hablar. (I didn’t stop talking.)
❌ Seguimos no trabajando.
✅ No seguimos trabajando. (We didn’t keep working.)

Fix it:
Always put “no” before the main verb.

❌ Mistake 6: Forgetting the Verb Phrase Entirely

Sometimes students leave out one of the pieces:

❌ Volví estudiar
✅ Volví a estudiar

Fix it:
Always include the full phrase:

dejar de
volver a
seguir + gerund

🧠 Final Reminder

The more you practice, the more natural these phrases will feel. Don’t be afraid to make mistakes—but be sure to learn from them. Practice speaking, writing, and listening to these structures in real contexts.

20 Example Sentences Using ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ for Better Understanding

Now that you know how ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ work, it’s time to see them in real-life, everyday sentences. These examples are designed to help you understand how native speakers naturally use these verb phrases in casual and formal situations.

Let’s break them into groups for clarity:

📌 1–7: Sentences with ‘Dejar de’ (To stop doing something)

Dejé de comer carne hace dos años.
(I stopped eating meat two years ago.)
¿Cuándo vas a dejar de fumar?
(When are you going to stop smoking?)
Mi hermana dejó de estudiar medicina.
(My sister stopped studying medicine.)
No dejo de pensar en ti.
(I can’t stop thinking about you.)
Dejamos de ver esa serie porque era aburrida.
(We stopped watching that show because it was boring.)
¿Por qué dejaste de hablar con Ana?
(Why did you stop talking to Ana?)
Ellos dejaron de usar redes sociales.
(They stopped using social media.)

🔁 8–14: Sentences with ‘Volver a’ (To do something again)

Volví a ver esa película anoche.
(I watched that movie again last night.)
Vamos a volver a intentarlo.
(We’re going to try again.)
¿Volviste a llamar al doctor?
(Did you call the doctor again?)
Ella volvió a ganar el premio.
(She won the prize again.)
Volveremos a visitar España el próximo año.
(We’ll visit Spain again next year.)
No quiero volver a pasar por eso.
(I don’t want to go through that again.)
¿Puedes volver a explicarlo, por favor?
(Can you explain it again, please?)

🔄 15–20: Sentences with ‘Seguir’ (To continue or still be doing something)

Sigo aprendiendo español todos los días.
(I keep learning Spanish every day.)
¿Tú sigues trabajando en esa empresa?
(Are you still working at that company?)
Seguimos esperando la respuesta.
(We’re still waiting for the answer.)
Mi perro sigue durmiendo en mi cama.
(My dog still sleeps in my bed.)
Los niños siguen jugando afuera.
(The kids keep playing outside.)
Aunque fallé, sigo intentándolo.
(Even though I failed, I keep trying.)

Reading and repeating these example sentences out loud will help you remember the structure and usage of these powerful phrases. You can even write your own sentences using similar patterns!

‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ Fill-in-the-Blank Exercise: Test Your Knowledge

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of dejar de + infinitive, volver a + infinitive, or seguir + gerund.

Ella ________ (dejar) de fumar hace un año.
Nosotros ________ (volver) a estudiar para el examen.
Yo ________ (seguir) trabajando en el mismo proyecto.
¿Tú ________ (dejar) de jugar al fútbol?
Mis amigos ________ (volver) a viajar a México.
Él ________ (seguir) aprendiendo a tocar la guitarra.
Nosotros no ________ (dejar) de practicar español.
¿Por qué no ________ (volver) a llamar a tu mamá?
Vosotros ________ (seguir) viendo esa serie?
María ________ (dejar) de comer dulces.
Yo ________ (volver) a leer ese libro porque me gustó.
Ellos ________ (seguir) corriendo todas las mañanas.
Tú no ________ (dejar) de pensar en el problema.
Nosotros ________ (volver) a salir esta noche.
Ella ________ (seguir) trabajando en su proyecto final.
¿Usted ________ (dejar) de usar el teléfono tanto?
Ellos ________ (volver) a invitar a sus amigos a la fiesta.
Yo ________ (seguir) estudiando para mejorar mi español.
¿Vosotros ________ (dejar) de ir al gimnasio?
Él ________ (volver) a escribir cartas a sus abuelos.

Check Your Answers for the ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ Exercise

Ella dejó de fumar hace un año.
(She stopped smoking a year ago.)
Nosotros volvimos a estudiar para el examen.
(We studied again for the exam.)
Yo sigo trabajando en el mismo proyecto.
(I’m still working on the same project.)
¿Tú dejaste de jugar al fútbol?
(Did you stop playing soccer?)
Mis amigos volvieron a viajar a México.
(My friends traveled to Mexico again.)
Él sigue aprendiendo a tocar la guitarra.
(He keeps learning to play the guitar.)
Nosotros no dejamos de practicar español.
(We don’t stop practicing Spanish.)
¿Por qué no vuelves a llamar a tu mamá?
(Why don’t you call your mom again?)
¿Vosotros seguís viendo esa serie?
(Are you all still watching that series?)
María dejó de comer dulces.
(Maria stopped eating sweets.)
Yo volví a leer ese libro porque me gustó.
(I read that book again because I liked it.)
Ellos siguen corriendo todas las mañanas.
(They keep running every morning.)
Tú no dejas de pensar en el problema.
(You can’t stop thinking about the problem.)
Nosotros volvemos a salir esta noche.
(We’re going out again tonight.)
Ella sigue trabajando en su proyecto final.
(She’s still working on her final project.)
¿Usted deja de usar el teléfono tanto?
(Do you stop using the phone so much?)
Ellos vuelven a invitar a sus amigos a la fiesta.
(They invite their friends to the party again.)
Yo sigo estudiando para mejorar mi español.
(I keep studying to improve my Spanish.)
¿Vosotros dejasteis de ir al gimnasio?
(Did you all stop going to the gym?)
Él volvió a escribir cartas a sus abuelos.
(He wrote letters to his grandparents again.)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’

Here are some of the most common questions learners ask about these tricky but essential Spanish verb phrases:

❓ 1. Can I use ‘seguir’ with an infinitive instead of a gerund?

No. ‘Seguir’ is always followed by a gerund (the -ando or -iendo form). For example:

Correct: Sigo estudiando. (I keep studying.)
Incorrect: Sigo estudiar.

❓ 2. Is ‘volver a’ the same as ‘otra vez’?

They both mean “again,” but ‘volver a’ is used specifically with verbs to indicate repeating an action, while ‘otra vez’ is an adverb and can be placed elsewhere in the sentence.

Volví a estudiar. (I studied again.)
Estudié otra vez. (I studied again.)

Both are correct, but volver a links directly with the verb.

❓ 3. Can I use ‘dejar de’ to mean “to leave something behind”?

No. ‘Dejar de’ means “to stop doing something,” not “to leave something behind.” For example:

Dejé de fumar = I stopped smoking.
Dejé mi libro en casa = I left my book at home.

They’re different verbs and meanings.

❓ 4. Can I use ‘seguir’ in the past tense?

Yes! You can conjugate ‘seguir’ in the past, but remember to keep the gerund form after it.

Seguí estudiando. (I kept studying.)
Seguimos hablando. (We kept talking.)

❓ 5. How do I make negative sentences with these phrases?

Place “no” before the conjugated verb:

No dejo de pensar. (I don’t stop thinking.)
No vuelvo a llamar. (I don’t call again.)
No sigo trabajando. (I don’t keep working.)

❓ 6. Can I use these phrases with reflexive verbs?

Yes! Just follow the same rules and place the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb:

Dejé de quejarme. (I stopped complaining.)
Volvió a levantarse temprano. (He got up early again.)
Sigo sintiéndome bien. (I still feel good.)

Key Takeaways: ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ Summary and Important Points

‘Dejar de + infinitive’ means to stop doing something.
Example: Dejé de fumar. (I stopped smoking.)
‘Volver a + infinitive’ means to do something again or repeat an action.
Example: Volví a estudiar. (I studied again.)
‘Seguir + gerund (-ando/-iendo)’ means to keep doing something or continue an action.
Example: Sigo aprendiendo español. (I keep learning Spanish.)
Always use the infinitive after ‘dejar de’ and ‘volver a’.
Incorrect: Dejé de fumando.
Correct: Dejé de fumar.
Always use the gerund after ‘seguir’.
Incorrect: Sigo estudiar.
Correct: Sigo estudiando.
Remember the stem changes in present tense:
- Volver → vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve…
- Seguir → sigo, sigues, sigue…
Place “no” before the conjugated verb to make negatives:
No dejo de pensar. (I don’t stop thinking.)
These phrases are used a lot in everyday conversation to talk about habits, repeated actions, or ongoing processes.
Practice speaking, writing, and listening with these phrases to build natural fluency.

Conclusion: Mastering ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ to Boost Your Spanish Skills

Understanding how to use ‘dejar de’, ‘volver a’, and ‘seguir’ is a game-changer for anyone learning Spanish. These versatile verb phrases help you express stopping actions, repeating activities, and continuing habits — essential skills for sounding natural and fluent.

With practice, you’ll find these phrases popping up everywhere: in conversations, books, music, and daily life. Keep practicing with real examples, and soon you’ll use them effortlessly.

Ready to take your Spanish to the next level?

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How to Use ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ in Spanish

Learn to Speak Naturally with Spanish Concessions

Are you trying to sound more fluent in Spanish? Want to speak like a native speaker even when expressing contrast, doubt, or unexpected results? If you’ve ever wondered how to say “even though,” “despite,” or “no matter how” in Spanish, then you’re in the right place! In this guide, we’ll break down three powerful phrases: ‘aunque,’ ‘a pesar de que,’ and ‘por más que’—essential tools for adding depth and emotion to your Spanish conversations.

Whether you’re a beginner learning your first grammar rules or an advanced learner refining your fluency, mastering Spanish concessive phrases like these will take your skills to the next level. These expressions help you show contrast, disagreement, or surprise—things that come up in daily life all the time.

Here’s the good news: they’re easier to use than you think. In fact, by the end of this blog post, you’ll be confident using them in sentences, conversations, and even writing. We’ll look at real-life examples, simple grammar explanations, common mistakes to avoid, and a fun practice quiz to test yourself.

Let’s dive in!

What Are ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’? Explanation and Overview

In Spanish, the expressions ‘aunque,’ ‘a pesar de que,’ and ‘por más que’ are used to show concession. That means we use them to express contrast between two ideas—something that happens despite something else. In English, they often translate as:

Aunque – even though / although / though
A pesar de que – despite the fact that / although
Por más que – no matter how much / even though / however much

These are extremely useful phrases in everyday Spanish conversations because they let you express things like:

“Even though it was raining, we went outside.”
“Despite studying hard, I failed the test.”
“No matter how much I try, I can’t understand him.”

These phrases help you show determination, frustration, or surprise, and they make your Spanish sound more natural and expressive. You’ll hear them in music, movies, casual speech, and formal writing.

Let’s take a quick look at each one:

1. Aunque

It’s the most common concessive connector in Spanish.
It can be followed by the indicative or subjunctive mood, depending on the situation.

Examples:

Aunque hace frío, vamos a la playa.
(Even though it’s cold, we’re going to the beach.)
Aunque llueva, saldré a correr.
(Even if it rains, I’ll go running.)

2. A pesar de que

Slightly more formal than “aunque.”
Also expresses contrast or unexpected outcomes.
Always followed by a verb (not just a noun).

Examples:

A pesar de que no tenía dinero, viajó a Europa.
(Despite not having money, he traveled to Europe.)
A pesar de que está cansada, sigue trabajando.
(Even though she’s tired, she keeps working.)

3. Por más que

Expresses frustration or emphasis.
Usually followed by a subjunctive verb form.
Shows effort or desire that doesn’t match the result.

Examples:

Por más que estudio, no apruebo el examen.
(No matter how much I study, I don’t pass the exam.)
Por más que lo intentes, no cambiarás mi opinión.
(Even if you try hard, you won’t change my mind.)

Why These Phrases Matter

These expressions are not just about grammar—they’re about attitude, feeling, and connection. Using them correctly lets you:

Sound more natural and expressive
Build more advanced Spanish sentences
Show you understand how Spanish really works

Ready to see how they show up in everyday life? Let’s explore some real-life sentences next.

Everyday Sentences Using ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’: 10 Common Examples

Want to know how native speakers actually use ‘aunque,’ ‘a pesar de que,’ and ‘por más que’ in real life? You’ll hear these phrases in daily conversations, TV shows, songs, and even in arguments. Below are 10 practical, everyday Spanish sentences using these powerful connectors. Each example includes an English translation to help you understand how the meaning fits naturally into different situations.

✅ Examples with ‘Aunque’ (Even though / Although)

Aunque estoy cansado, voy a terminar el trabajo.
(Even though I’m tired, I’m going to finish the work.)
Aunque no me gusta el pescado, lo comí por cortesía.
(Even though I don’t like fish, I ate it out of politeness.)
Aunque ella tiene mucho dinero, vive humildemente.
(Although she has a lot of money, she lives humbly.)
Aunque llueva mañana, iremos al parque.
(Even if it rains tomorrow, we’ll go to the park.)

✅ Examples with ‘A pesar de que’ (Despite the fact that / Although)

A pesar de que no entendía todo, disfruté la película.
(Despite not understanding everything, I enjoyed the movie.)
A pesar de que está enfermo, fue al trabajo.
(Even though he is sick, he went to work.)
A pesar de que no me apoyaron, logré mi objetivo.
(Despite not being supported, I achieved my goal.)

✅ Examples with ‘Por más que’ (No matter how much / However much)

Por más que grites, no te voy a escuchar.
(No matter how much you shout, I’m not going to listen.)
Por más que lo intento, no puedo hablar como un nativo.
(No matter how much I try, I can’t speak like a native.)
Por más que estudies, si no practicas, no aprenderás.
(Even if you study a lot, if you don’t practice, you won’t learn.)

These examples show how easy and flexible these phrases are once you get used to them. The best part? You can mix them into any type of sentence—formal or informal.

When to Use ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’: All the Key Situations

Understanding when to use ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’ is just as important as knowing what they mean. Each one is used to show contrast, contradiction, or an unexpected twist—but they have their own special feel and formality.

Here are the key situations where each of these concessive phrases is used:

🔹 Use ‘Aunque’ When…

You want to say “even though” or “although”:
- Used for facts, known information, or hypothetical situations.
- Followed by either the indicative or the subjunctive, depending on context.
Aunque hace calor, llevo chaqueta.
(Although it’s hot, I’m wearing a jacket.)
(Fact – indicative) Aunque haga calor, llevaré chaqueta.
(Even if it’s hot, I’ll wear a jacket.)
(Possibility – subjunctive)
You’re making a polite contradiction:
- Use it to soften disagreement or show contrast kindly.
Aunque entiendo tu punto, no estoy de acuerdo.
(Even though I understand your point, I don’t agree.)

🔹 Use ‘A pesar de que’ When…

You’re expressing contrast in a more formal way:
- Translates to “despite the fact that…”
- Used more in writing, speeches, or serious conversations.
A pesar de que estudió, suspendió el examen.
(Despite studying, he failed the exam.)
You need to introduce a full clause with a verb:
- ‘A pesar de’ (without “que”) can only be followed by a noun or infinitive.
- But ‘A pesar de que’ must be followed by a conjugated verb.
A pesar de que me dolía la cabeza, fui a clase.
(Even though I had a headache, I went to class.)

🔹 Use ‘Por más que’ When…

You want to express frustration or limitation:
- Shows that effort doesn’t lead to the desired result.
- Often followed by a verb in the subjunctive.
Por más que lo intento, no me sale bien.
(No matter how hard I try, it doesn’t go well.)
You’re talking about things that won’t change regardless of effort: Por más que expliques, no lo van a entender.
(No matter how much you explain, they won’t get it.)
You want to sound poetic or dramatic:
- Common in songs, poetry, or emotional speech.
Por más que la ames, ella no volverá.
(No matter how much you love her, she won’t come back.)

Summary Table: When to Use Each Phrase

Phrase	Use When You Want To…	Mood
Aunque	Express contrast (real or hypothetical); polite contradiction	Indicative/Subjunctive
A pesar de que	Add a formal or written tone to a contrasting idea	Indicative/Subjunctive
Por más que	Show frustration, effort vs. failure, poetic/emotional tone	Usually Subjunctive

Conjugation Rules for ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’

Understanding how to correctly conjugate verbs after these phrases is key to using them naturally in Spanish. The good news is, once you know a few simple patterns, everything starts to make sense. Below, we’ll go over the verb moods (indicative or subjunctive), how to choose the right one, and give you examples to show the difference clearly.

🔹 Conjugation with ‘Aunque’

‘Aunque’ is unique because it can be followed by the indicative OR the subjunctive, depending on what you mean.

Mood	Use It When…	Example
Indicative	You’re talking about a known fact or something that is real	Aunque está lloviendo, salimos. (Although it’s raining, we’re going out.)
Subjunctive	You’re talking about something hypothetical, unknown, or doubtful	Aunque llueva, saldremos. (Even if it rains, we’ll go out.)

💡 Tip: Use indicative for reality and subjunctive for uncertainty.

🔹 Conjugation with ‘A pesar de que’

This one is more straightforward. Like ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’ can also use indicative or subjunctive, but is usually found with the indicative because it often refers to something real.

Mood	Use It When…	Example
Indicative	You’re stating something factual that happened despite another fact	A pesar de que estaba enferma, fue a la escuela. (Even though she was sick, she went to school.)
Subjunctive	You’re referring to a possible or uncertain action	A pesar de que llegues tarde, te esperaré. (Even if you arrive late, I’ll wait for you.)

🔹 Conjugation with ‘Por más que’

With ‘por más que’, the subjunctive is used most of the time, especially when expressing unfulfilled effort, frustration, or doubt.

Mood	Use It When…	Example
Subjunctive	Talking about effort that may or may not lead to success	Por más que estudies, no lo entiendes. (No matter how much you study, you don’t understand it.)
Indicative (rare)	Only used when referring to a completed action or certainty (less common)	Por más que trabajó, no ganó suficiente. (No matter how much he worked, he didn’t earn enough.)

🎯 How to Recognize the Right Mood Quickly

Ask yourself:

Is this something real and known? → Use indicative
Is this something possible, future, or doubtful? → Use subjunctive

Quick Verb Mood Cheat Sheet:

Connector	Verb Mood	Trigger Word Types
Aunque	Indicative / Subjunctive	Depends on reality vs. doubt
A pesar de que	Indicative / Subjunctive	Often indicative; subjunctive for hypothetical
Por más que	Mostly Subjunctive	Expresses frustration or limits

‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Grammar Rules You Need to Know

Once you’ve learned the meaning and conjugation rules, it’s time to lock in the key grammar structures for using ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’ correctly in Spanish. These phrases follow very specific grammatical patterns, and learning them will help you speak and write Spanish with confidence.

Below, we’ll break down each connector with its sentence structure and key rules—made simple for fast understanding.

🔹 Grammar Rules for ‘Aunque’

Sentence Structure:

Aunque + [verb in indicative or subjunctive] + [rest of sentence]

✅ Use indicative when:

The action or fact is real, known, or confirmed.

Example:

Aunque estoy enfermo, iré a clase.
(Although I’m sick, I will go to class.)

✅ Use subjunctive when:

The action is uncertain, hypothetical, or future-related.

Example:

Aunque esté enfermo mañana, iré a clase.
(Even if I’m sick tomorrow, I will go to class.)

🔹 Grammar Rules for ‘A pesar de que’

Sentence Structure:

A pesar de que + [verb in indicative or subjunctive] + [rest of sentence]

✅ Use indicative when:

The action is a fact or real situation.

Example:

A pesar de que llueve, vamos a salir.
(Despite the rain, we’re going out.)

✅ Use subjunctive when:

The action is not confirmed or is hypothetical.

Example:

A pesar de que llueva, iremos al picnic.
(Even if it rains, we’ll go on the picnic.)

🔹 Grammar Rules for ‘Por más que’

Sentence Structure:

Por más que + [verb in subjunctive or indicative] + [rest of sentence]

✅ Use subjunctive when:

The outcome is uncertain, or you’re showing effort without success.

Example:

Por más que estudies, no sacarás un diez.
(No matter how much you study, you won’t get a 10.)

✅ Use indicative (rare) when:

You’re referring to a completed or known action (often past tense).

Example:

Por más que intentó, no logró convencerlos.
(No matter how much he tried, he couldn’t convince them.)

🔁 Quick Rule Recap:

Phrase	Use With	Structure	Use When…
Aunque	Indicative / Subjunctive	Aunque + [verb] + result	To show contrast between reality or possibility
A pesar de que	Indicative / Subjunctive	A pesar de que + [verb] + result	To express contrast with formal tone
Por más que	Subjunctive (mostly)	Por más que + [verb] + result	To express frustration or strong contrast

Important Tips for Using ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Correctly

Using these Spanish connectors correctly isn’t just about grammar. It’s also about tone, context, and clarity. These tips will help you sound more natural, confident, and even fluent when expressing contrast or contradiction in Spanish.

Whether you’re writing an essay or chatting with a friend, the tips below will guide you every time.

🔹 1. Think About Reality vs. Possibility

The most important rule is to ask yourself:

🧠 “Is the situation real or just a possibility?”

Use the indicative for real facts or known truths.
Use the subjunctive for things that are uncertain, doubtful, future, or imaginary.

📌 Example:

Aunque está cansado, va al gimnasio. (He is tired, but still goes — real)
Aunque esté cansado, irá al gimnasio. (He might be tired, but will go — possible)

🔹 2. Use ‘A pesar de’ vs. ‘A pesar de que’ Correctly

✅ A pesar de is followed by a noun or an infinitive verb.
✅ A pesar de que is followed by a full conjugated clause.

📌 Examples:

A pesar de la lluvia, salimos. (Despite the rain…)
A pesar de llover, salimos. (Despite raining…)
A pesar de que llovía, salimos. (Although it was raining…)

🔹 3. ‘Por más que’ Needs Drama or Effort

This phrase adds emotion or a sense of struggle. It’s perfect for:

Expressing effort that didn’t work out.
Showing frustration or emotional tension.
Adding poetic or dramatic flair.

📌 Examples:

Por más que estudié, no entendí nada.
(No matter how much I studied, I understood nothing.)

Por más que la ame, ella no va a volver.
(No matter how much I love her, she’s not coming back.)

🔹 4. Avoid Mixing Moods by Mistake

One common issue is starting with an indicative structure and switching mid-sentence to subjunctive. Stick with one tone and mood throughout your sentence unless the situation clearly changes.

❌ Incorrect: Aunque llueve, saldré si esté seco afuera.
✅ Correct: Aunque llueva, saldré si está seco afuera.

🔹 5. Don’t Translate Directly from English

Literal translations like “even if” or “no matter what” may confuse you. Spanish has specific structures that must be respected. Focus on how Spanish speakers express the idea, not just on translating words.

Instead of:
❌ “Even if he has money” → “Incluso si él tiene dinero”
✅ Say: “Aunque tenga dinero”

🔹 6. Start Listening for These Phrases in Songs and TV

Once you’re aware of these connectors, you’ll hear them everywhere in Spanish media. Listening will help you internalize the right tone and context.

🎧 Try listening to:

Telenovelas
Spanish ballads
Podcasts with casual conversation

🔹 7. Practice Speaking Out Loud

Even if you’re studying alone, saying full sentences out loud with these phrases builds muscle memory and confidence.

Try:

Speaking into a mirror
Making up situations: “Aunque mañana tenga mucho trabajo…”
Recording yourself for playback

Common Mistakes with ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ — and How to Fix Them

Even advanced Spanish learners make mistakes when using ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’. These little errors can lead to confusing sentences, or make your Spanish sound less natural. The good news? Most mistakes are easy to fix once you know what to watch for.

Below are the most frequent issues—and the simple solutions that will help you get it right every time.

❌ Mistake 1: Using the Wrong Verb Mood

Problem: Mixing up indicative and subjunctive.

Learners often use indicative when the subjunctive is needed (or the other way around).
This changes the meaning or creates confusion.

Fix:
✅ Ask: Is the situation real or imagined?
Use indicative for real facts.
Use subjunctive for doubts, wishes, or imagined possibilities.

📌 Examples:

❌ Aunque tiene tiempo, no va. (Incorrect if you’re unsure if he has time)
✅ Aunque tenga tiempo, no va. (Even if he has time…)

❌ Mistake 2: Mixing Up ‘A pesar de’ and ‘A pesar de que’

Problem: Using ‘a pesar de’ before a full sentence with a conjugated verb.

Fix:
✅ Use ‘a pesar de’ + noun or infinitive
✅ Use ‘a pesar de que’ + full sentence with conjugated verb

📌 Examples:

❌ A pesar de fue tarde, salió.
✅ A pesar de que fue tarde, salió.
✅ A pesar de ser tarde, salió.

❌ Mistake 3: Overusing ‘Aunque’ for Everything

Problem: Saying ‘aunque’ in every contrast sentence, even when it’s too informal or not quite right.

Fix:
✅ Use ‘a pesar de que’ for more formal or written language.
✅ Use ‘por más que’ when there’s struggle or emotional contrast.

📌 Examples:

❌ Aunque hizo su tarea, sacó mala nota. (Sounds casual)
✅ A pesar de que hizo su tarea, sacó mala nota. (More natural in writing)

❌ Mistake 4: Forgetting the Emotional Tone of ‘Por más que’

Problem: Using ‘por más que’ in dry or factual situations where it’s not needed.

Fix:
✅ Use it for emotional contrast, frustration, or effort that fails.

📌 Examples:

❌ Por más que está lloviendo, voy a correr. (Too factual)
✅ Aunque está lloviendo, voy a correr. (Better choice)
✅ Por más que entreno, no mejoro. (Shows frustration)

❌ Mistake 5: Translating Directly from English

Problem: Saying things like “Even if I am hungry” as “Incluso si tengo hambre.”

Fix:
✅ Use aunque or a pesar de que for correct Spanish phrasing.

📌 Examples:

❌ Incluso si tengo hambre, no como.
✅ Aunque tenga hambre, no como. (Even if I’m hungry, I don’t eat.)

❌ Mistake 6: Not Matching Tenses Correctly

Problem: Using the wrong verb tense after a connector.

Fix:
✅ Keep the verb tense consistent with the time you’re referring to: past, present, or future.

📌 Examples:

❌ A pesar de que llueve ayer…
✅ A pesar de que llovió ayer…

✔️ Bonus Tip: Slow Down and Think First

Before writing or speaking, ask:

What mood should I use—indicative or subjunctive?
What is the correct phrase—aunque, a pesar de que, or por más que?
Does my verb tense match the timeline?

Just 3 seconds of thinking will make your Spanish sharper and more natural.

20 ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Example Sentences for Better Understanding

One of the fastest ways to learn Spanish is by seeing grammar in action. These 20 example sentences will show you how native speakers naturally use ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’ in daily life.

Each example includes an English translation to help you follow along, and we’ve included different tenses and verb moods so you can really grasp the variety of ways these expressions work.

🔹 Examples Using ‘Aunque’

Aunque hace frío, vamos a la playa.
Although it’s cold, we’re going to the beach.
Aunque esté cansado, tengo que estudiar.
Even if I’m tired, I have to study.
Aunque no me gusta el brócoli, lo como.
Even though I don’t like broccoli, I eat it.
Aunque llueva, iremos al parque.
Even if it rains, we’ll go to the park.
Aunque ganó el partido, no jugó bien.
Although he won the game, he didn’t play well.

🔹 Examples Using ‘A pesar de que’

A pesar de que estaba enfermo, fue al trabajo.
Despite being sick, he went to work.
A pesar de que es tarde, siguen hablando.
Even though it’s late, they’re still talking.
A pesar de que no entiendo todo, me gusta la película.
Even though I don’t understand everything, I like the movie.
A pesar de que llueva, haremos la caminata.
Even if it rains, we’ll do the hike.
A pesar de que no estudió, pasó el examen.
Despite not studying, he passed the test.

🔹 Examples Using ‘Por más que’

Por más que lo intento, no lo logro.
No matter how much I try, I can’t do it.
Por más que estudies, no vas a entender sin práctica.
No matter how much you study, you won’t understand without practice.
Por más que grites, no te escuchará.
No matter how much you scream, she won’t hear you.
Por más que te esfuerces, no es suficiente para ellos.
No matter how hard you try, it’s not enough for them.
Por más que trabajó, no pudo ahorrar dinero.
No matter how much he worked, he couldn’t save money.

🔄 Mixed Examples (Bonus!)

Aunque tengas miedo, debes intentarlo.
Even if you’re afraid, you must try.
A pesar de que llovía, salimos a caminar.
Even though it was raining, we went for a walk.
Por más que lo expliques, no lo entienden.
No matter how much you explain it, they don’t understand.
A pesar de que lo sabía, no dijo nada.
Even though he knew it, he said nothing.
Aunque no sea perfecto, es suficiente.
Even if it’s not perfect, it’s enough.

These real-life examples will make it easier for you to recognize, use, and respond to these phrases in Spanish conversations, writing, and exams.

‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Fill-in-the-Blank Exercise: Test Your Knowledge

Fill in the blanks with ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, or ‘por más que’ and conjugate the verb correctly (indicative or subjunctive as needed).

_________ (llover) mucho, iremos a la fiesta.
No me rindo _________ (ser) difícil el problema.
_________ (tener) sueño, terminé mi tarea.
Ella salió a correr _________ (hacer) frío.
_________ (saber) la verdad, no dijo nada.
_________ (llover), no cancelaron el evento.
_________ (estudiar) mucho, no pasó el examen.
Vamos a la playa _________ (hacer) mal tiempo.
_________ (ser) caro, compré el libro.
_________ (tener) miedo, entró al edificio.
No me rendiré _________ (ser) complicado.
_________ (estar) cansados, seguimos trabajando.
_________ (querer) ayudar, no pude.
_________ (nevar), saldré a caminar.
_________ (tener) hambre, no comí.
No puedo entender _________ (explicar) varias veces.
_________ (hacer) frío, no me puse abrigo.
_________ (trabajar) mucho, no logro ahorrar.
_________ (llegar) temprano, no me dejaron entrar.
_________ (estar) enfermo, fue al trabajo.

Check Your Answers for the ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Exercise

Aunque llueva mucho, iremos a la fiesta.
(Even if it rains a lot, we will go to the party.)
No me rindo por más que sea difícil el problema.
(I don’t give up no matter how difficult the problem is.)
Aunque tenía sueño, terminé mi tarea.
(Although I was sleepy, I finished my homework.)
Ella salió a correr a pesar de que hacía frío.
(She went out running despite it being cold.)
Aunque sabía la verdad, no dijo nada.
(Even though he knew the truth, he said nothing.)
Aunque llovía, no cancelaron el evento.
(Although it was raining, they didn’t cancel the event.)
Por más que estudié, no pasó el examen.
(No matter how much I studied, I didn’t pass the exam.)
Vamos a la playa a pesar de que hace mal tiempo.
(We’re going to the beach despite the bad weather.)
Aunque es caro, compré el libro.
(Although it’s expensive, I bought the book.)
Aunque tenía miedo, entró al edificio.
(Even though he was scared, he entered the building.)
No me rendiré por más que sea complicado.
(I won’t give up no matter how complicated it is.)
Aunque estábamos cansados, seguimos trabajando.
(Although we were tired, we kept working.)
Aunque quería ayudar, no pude.
(Even though I wanted to help, I couldn’t.)
Aunque nieve, saldré a caminar.
(Even if it snows, I will go for a walk.)
Aunque tenía hambre, no comí.
(Even though I was hungry, I didn’t eat.)
No puedo entender por más que expliques varias veces.
(I can’t understand no matter how many times you explain.)
Aunque hacía frío, no me puse abrigo.
(Although it was cold, I didn’t wear a coat.)
Por más que trabajo, no logro ahorrar.
(No matter how much I work, I can’t save money.)
Aunque llegué temprano, no me dejaron entrar.
(Although I arrived early, they didn’t let me in.)
Aunque estaba enfermo, fue al trabajo.
(Even though he was sick, he went to work.)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’

1. What is the main difference between ‘aunque’ and ‘a pesar de que’?

‘Aunque’ can introduce real facts or hypothetical situations, often implying contrast.
‘A pesar de que’ always introduces a fact or reality and emphasizes despite or in spite of something. It sounds a bit more formal or written.

2. When should I use the subjunctive with ‘aunque’?

Use the subjunctive when the information is uncertain, hypothetical, or future.
Example: Aunque llueva mañana, iremos. (Even if it rains tomorrow, we will go.)

3. Can ‘por más que’ be used in formal writing?

Yes, but it is more common in spoken language or informal writing. It often expresses emotional emphasis or frustration.

4. Is ‘a pesar de’ the same as ‘a pesar de que’?

Not exactly.

‘A pesar de’ is followed by a noun or infinitive: A pesar de la lluvia (Despite the rain)
‘A pesar de que’ is followed by a conjugated verb: A pesar de que llueve (Although it rains)

5. Can I use ‘aunque’ at the beginning or middle of a sentence?

Yes, ‘aunque’ can be used at the start or middle to introduce a contrasting idea.
Example: Aunque estaba cansado, fui a la fiesta. / Fui a la fiesta, aunque estaba cansado.

6. How do I know when to use indicative or subjunctive with these phrases?

If the clause refers to a known fact or reality, use the indicative. If it expresses doubt, possibility, or non-reality, use the subjunctive.

7. Are there any other phrases similar to these in Spanish?

Yes! Others include:

Sin embargo (however)
No obstante (nevertheless)
Aun así (even so)
But ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’ are very common for concessions.

8. Can ‘por más que’ be replaced by ‘aunque’?

Sometimes yes, but ‘por más que’ often adds stronger emotional or effort emphasis. ‘Aunque’ is more neutral.

9. Is it correct to use ‘aunque’ with the future tense?

Yes, but often the subjunctive present is used to talk about future uncertainty.
Example: Aunque venga mañana, no estaré. (Even if he comes tomorrow…)

10. How do I practice using these phrases naturally?

Listen to Spanish songs, movies, and podcasts.
Read books and articles paying attention to these phrases.
Write your own sentences or short stories using them.
Speak with native speakers or language partners.

Key Takeaways: ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ Summary and Important Points

‘Aunque’ introduces contrasts and can use indicative (for facts) or subjunctive (for uncertainty or hypothetical situations).
‘A pesar de que’ means despite or in spite of and always introduces a fact or reality using the indicative mood.
‘Por más que’ expresses no matter how much or even though with strong emotional or effort emphasis and usually requires the subjunctive for hypothetical or future scenarios.
Use ‘a pesar de’ without que when followed by a noun or infinitive (e.g., a pesar del frío).
Remember to match verb moods and tenses correctly after these expressions for clarity and natural sound.
These phrases help express concessions — showing something happens despite obstacles, doubts, or difficulties.
Common mistakes include mixing moods, incorrect phrase choice, and direct English translations.
Practice with real-life examples and exercises to internalize usage.
Listening, reading, and speaking in context greatly improve your comfort with these expressions.

Conclusion: Mastering ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ | Your Path to Confident Spanish

Understanding how to use ‘aunque’, ‘a pesar de que’, and ‘por más que’ is a powerful step toward expressing complex ideas and contrasts naturally in Spanish. Whether you are a beginner or advanced learner, mastering these expressions opens doors to richer conversations and clearer writing.

Remember, the key is to practice regularly, pay attention to verb moods, and recognize the subtle differences that make each phrase unique. With patience and real-life practice, you’ll soon find yourself confidently using these connectors in everyday speech and formal writing alike.

Keep exploring Spanish through reading, listening, and speaking — and don’t hesitate to revisit this guide whenever you need a refresher!

Ready to take your Spanish even further?

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June 6, 2025

How to Use “Lo” in Spanish

If you’ve been learning Spanish and stumbled upon the little word “lo”, you’re not alone in wondering what it really means. This tiny but mighty word shows up in so many different places—lo importante, lo mejor, lo que dijiste—that it can leave even advanced learners scratching their heads. So, what exactly is “lo” in Spanish, and why is it used so often?

Understanding the Spanish article “lo” is like unlocking a secret level in a video game—it gives you access to deeper, more natural expressions that native speakers use every day. Whether you’re just starting your Spanish learning journey or you’re brushing up on grammar, knowing how to use “lo” properly will make your conversations sound more fluent, more natural, and much more confident.

In this complete guide, we’ll explore:

What “lo” really means and why it’s different from el or la
Everyday phrases where “lo” is essential
When and how to use “lo” with adjectives, verbs, and clauses
The grammar rules and exceptions that make “lo” unique
Real-life examples and practice exercises to help you learn by doing

This is your one-stop explanation of everything you need to know about “lo” in Spanish grammar, written in a way that’s easy to understand and packed with practical examples. Let’s dive into the world of neutral articles, abstract ideas, and essential expressions with “lo”—and learn how to use it like a pro.

What Is the Spanish Article “Lo”?

The word “lo” in Spanish might look small, but it plays a big role in how native speakers express thoughts, ideas, and descriptions. Unlike “el” and “la”, which are masculine and feminine definite articles for nouns, “lo” is a neutral article. That means it’s not used to describe a specific object or person, but rather abstract ideas, qualities, or unknown things.

Think of “lo” as a tool for turning adjectives, clauses, or verbs into general concepts or neutral ideas. You’ll see it used in phrases like:

Lo bueno – The good thing
Lo que dices – What you’re saying
Lo importante es estudiar – The important thing is to study

Here’s a breakdown to understand it better:

🧠 Quick Facts About “Lo”

“Lo” is not masculine or feminine—it’s neutral
It is not used before a regular noun (like lo gato ❌)
It is used before adjectives, past participles, or clauses to express abstract ideas
It helps you talk about “the thing that is…”, “what is…”, or “how something is…”

📘 Examples to Understand Its Function:

Lo mejor de la película fue el final.
The best thing about the movie was the ending.
No entiendo lo que dijiste.
I don’t understand what you said.
Lo difícil no es empezar, es continuar.
The hard part isn’t starting, it’s continuing.

So, when you want to describe something that isn’t a physical object, but rather an idea, a quality, or a situation, “lo” is your go-to word.

Common Expressions Using “Lo” in Spanish

When you listen to native Spanish speakers, you’ll hear “lo” used all the time in everyday phrases. These expressions are super useful because they help you sound more natural and fluent, especially when talking about opinions, situations, or abstract ideas.

Here are 10 real-life example sentences using “lo” that you can start practicing today:

🔟 Real-Life Spanish Sentences with “Lo”

Lo bueno de vivir aquí es la tranquilidad.
The good thing about living here is the peace.
Lo importante es nunca rendirse.
The important thing is to never give up.
Lo que quiero es ayudarte.
What I want is to help you.
Lo malo de esta película es el final.
The bad thing about this movie is the ending.
Lo que dijiste me hizo pensar.
What you said made me think.
No me gusta lo que está pasando.
I don’t like what’s happening.
Lo mejor fue cuando ganamos el partido.
The best part was when we won the game.
Lo raro es que no contestó el mensaje.
The strange thing is that he didn’t reply to the message.
Siempre valoro lo que haces por mí.
I always value what you do for me.
Lo difícil no es aprender, es practicar todos los días.
The hard part isn’t learning, it’s practicing every day.

📌 Why These Expressions Matter:

These expressions don’t just teach you grammar—they help you express feelings, thoughts, and reactions in a natural way. By using “lo,” you talk about “the thing that…”, “what…”, or “how something is…”, which adds depth to your Spanish.

You’ll often hear these patterns in conversations, books, and even music, so start listening for them!

How “Lo” Works: Structure and Pairing Rules

Although “lo” doesn’t conjugate, understanding how it works with different parts of a sentence is key to using it correctly. This includes what words “lo” can go with, how it forms abstract nouns, and how it functions in complex clauses.

🔧 1. “Lo” + Adjective → Abstract Idea

When “lo” is followed by an adjective, it turns that adjective into an abstract idea, often meaning “the [adjective] thing”.

✅ Structure:

Lo + [adjective (masculine singular form)]

📘 Examples:

Lo bueno = The good thing
Lo bueno de este trabajo es el horario flexible.
The good thing about this job is the flexible schedule.
Lo interesante = The interesting thing
Lo interesante es que nadie lo sabía.
The interesting thing is that no one knew.
Lo difícil = The hard part
Lo difícil es mantener la motivación.
The hard part is staying motivated.

🔧 2. “Lo” + Past Participle → Result or Quality

“Lo” can be used with past participles to describe the result of an action or an observed quality.

✅ Structure:

Lo + [past participle]

📘 Examples:

Lo dicho = What was said
Lo dicho por el profesor fue muy importante.
What the teacher said was very important.
Lo hecho = What was done / The done thing
Ya no podemos cambiar lo hecho.
We can’t change what’s done.

🔧 3. “Lo” + “Que” + Clause → What / That Which

This is one of the most common ways “lo” is used in conversation. It introduces a subordinate clause and is often translated as “what” or “that which”.

✅ Structure:

Lo que + [clause]

📘 Examples:

Lo que me gusta es la comida.
What I like is the food.
No entiendo lo que dices.
I don’t understand what you’re saying.
Haz lo que quieras.
Do what you want.

🔧 4. “Lo” as a Direct Object Pronoun

In some cases, “lo” also acts as a direct object pronoun meaning “him”, “it”, or “you” (formal, masculine). However, this usage is different from the neutral article and belongs to pronoun grammar. We’ll keep our focus here mainly on the neutral article usage.

🧠 Pro Tip:

The adjective or participle after “lo” must be in masculine singular form, even if you’re talking about something feminine or plural in meaning. Why? Because “lo” is neutral, and the grammar after it follows that structure.

Usage of “Lo” in Spanish: When and How to Use It

In Spanish, “lo” is a powerful word that lets you talk about ideas, qualities, actions, or unknown things without referring to a specific person or object. Below are the main situations where “lo” is used, with easy explanations and examples.

✅ 1. To Express Abstract Qualities or Ideas

Use “lo” with adjectives to refer to general ideas or qualities like “the good,” “the bad,” “the strange,” etc.

🔹 Structure:

Lo + [masculine singular adjective]

📘 Examples:

Lo bueno de estudiar es aprender.
The good thing about studying is learning.
Lo malo es que llueve mucho.
The bad thing is that it rains a lot.

✅ 2. To Refer to Something Previously Mentioned (Lo + Past Participle)

Use “lo” with past participles to refer to actions or events already done or mentioned.

📘 Examples:

Lo dicho por el director fue claro.
What the director said was clear.
Lo escrito en el libro es interesante.
What’s written in the book is interesting.

✅ 3. To Introduce Clauses with “Lo que” (What / That Which)

This is one of the most common uses of “lo.” Use “lo que” to mean “what” or “the thing that”.

📘 Examples:

Lo que quiero es ayudarte.
What I want is to help you.
No entiendo lo que está pasando.
I don’t understand what is happening.
Haz lo que puedas.
Do what you can.

✅ 4. To Emphasize or Generalize a Characteristic

Use “lo” to highlight how something is or how someone behaves. This is often used in literary or poetic contexts.

📘 Examples:

Lo fuerte que es este niño me sorprende.
How strong this boy is surprises me.
Lo rápido que terminó el examen fue increíble.
How quickly he finished the exam was incredible.

✅ 5. To Talk About How Things Happen (Lo + Adjective + Que)

Use this structure to emphasize the intensity or degree of something.

📘 Examples:

No sabes lo cansado que estoy.
You don’t know how tired I am.
Lo feliz que estaba no se puede explicar.
How happy she was can’t be explained.

✅ 6. To Express Something in a General, Gender-Neutral Way

“Lo” is perfect when you want to keep your sentence neutral, especially when talking about non-countable or non-specific things.

📘 Examples:

Lo que necesitas es paciencia.
What you need is patience.
Lo que importa es la intención.
What matters is the intention.

✅ 7. To Form Emphatic or Comparative Structures

In advanced usage, “lo” helps create comparative or superlative statements.

📘 Examples:

Lo más importante es la familia.
The most important thing is family.
Lo mejor de todo fue el viaje.
The best part of all was the trip.

✅ 8. To Replace an Idea, Action, or Situation as a Neutral Pronoun

Sometimes, “lo” acts like a neutral pronoun replacing an idea or situation.

📘 Examples:

¿Estás cansado? Lo entiendo.
Are you tired? I understand it.
No lo sabía.
I didn’t know that.

✅ 9. In Set Phrases and Idioms

Some phrases with “lo” are commonly used and should be memorized.

📘 Examples:

A lo mejor – Maybe
Por lo general – Generally
Por lo tanto – Therefore

✅ 10. As a Formal, Masculine Object Pronoun (Extra Use)

Though this blog focuses on “lo” as a neutral article, remember that “lo” can also mean “him” or “it” when used as a direct object pronoun.

📘 Example:

Lo vi ayer.
I saw him yesterday. or I saw it yesterday.

🎯 Quick Recap of Situations to Use “Lo”:

To describe qualities (Lo bueno, lo malo)
To introduce ideas or clauses (Lo que…)
With past participles (Lo dicho)
For generalization or emphasis (Lo rápido que…)
In idiomatic expressions (A lo mejor)
To refer back to entire ideas or actions (Lo entiendo)

Grammar Rules for Using “Lo” in Spanish

Understanding how “lo” works grammatically will boost your Spanish fluency. Although it seems simple, it has specific rules that guide how and when to use it correctly — especially since it’s gender-neutral, abstract, and sometimes used as a pronoun.

Let’s break it down step by step with simple explanations and real-life examples.

🧠 Rule 1: “Lo” is Neutral and Only Used with Masculine Singular Adjectives or Participles

“Lo” doesn’t agree with gender or number like other articles (el, la, los, las). It stays the same — always neutral and singular.

🔹 Use:

Lo + [masculine adjective]
Lo + [past participle]

📘 Examples:

Lo bonito = the beautiful thing
Lo dicho = what was said

✨ You don’t say “la bonita” or “las dichas” with this structure. Always keep it neutral: lo + masculine singular.

🧠 Rule 2: “Lo” Can’t Stand Alone — It Must Be Paired

“Lo” doesn’t function alone. It must be followed by:

An adjective
A past participle
A relative clause (with “que”)

📘 Examples:

❌ Incorrect: Lo es importante.
✅ Correct: Lo importante es estudiar.
(The important thing is to study.)

🧠 Rule 3: “Lo que” Introduces Clauses — Meaning “What” or “That Which”

Use “lo que” to refer to ideas, actions, or concepts.

📘 Examples:

Lo que necesito es tiempo.
What I need is time.
No comprendo lo que haces.
I don’t understand what you’re doing.

✅ “Lo que” is one of the most flexible ways to express abstract or unknown things in Spanish.

🧠 Rule 4: “Lo” with Comparatives or Emphasis

“Lo” can be used to express degree or intensity, especially with the word “que”.

📘 Examples:

Lo mucho que trabajas es admirable.
How much you work is admirable.
No sabes lo feliz que me hace.
You don’t know how happy that makes me.

🧠 Rule 5: “Lo” as a Neutral Pronoun (Referencing Ideas, Not People)

In this case, “lo” works like “it” in English but refers to a situation, idea, or statement — not a person.

📘 Examples:

Lo entiendo.
I understand it (the situation).
No lo sabía.
I didn’t know it.

⚠️ Don’t confuse this with “lo” as a masculine direct object pronoun (him/it). This rule focuses on the neutral, idea-based use of “lo”.

🧠 Rule 6: Use “Lo” with Superlative and Generalizing Expressions

You can use “lo” to emphasize what’s best, worst, or most important.

📘 Examples:

Lo mejor de la película fue el final.
The best part of the movie was the ending.
Lo más difícil es empezar.
The most difficult thing is to begin.

🧠 Rule 7: “Lo” in Set Phrases Should Be Memorized

Many common expressions in Spanish include “lo.” These don’t follow strict grammar patterns — they’re idiomatic.

📘 Common Examples:

A lo mejor = maybe
Por lo tanto = therefore
Por lo visto = apparently

⚠️ What NOT to Do:

Don’t use “lo” with feminine or plural adjectives (e.g., lo bonita, lo buenos ❌)
Don’t use “lo” to refer to people by gender (use el/la/los/las or proper pronouns)
Don’t confuse neutral “lo” with masculine object “lo” (used as a direct object pronoun)

🎯 Golden Rule:

If you’re talking about an idea, concept, action, or general characteristic — especially in an abstract, genderless way — use “lo.”

With these grammar rules, you’re well-equipped to use “lo” like a pro!

🧐 Things to Keep in Mind When Using “Lo” in Spanish

Although “lo” may seem simple, it’s one of those small words in Spanish that can get tricky fast if you’re not paying close attention. It behaves differently from other articles, has abstract uses, and can often be confused with pronouns or prepositions.

Let’s break down the most important points, exceptions, and tips to avoid confusion.

⚠️ 1. “Lo” Is Not Masculine – It’s Neutral

This is a common beginner mistake. Unlike el (masculine) or la (feminine), “lo” doesn’t refer to people or objects with gender. Instead, it talks about ideas, actions, or qualities in a neutral way.

Wrong: Lo chico está aquí.
Right: El chico está aquí.
(Use “el” for masculine nouns like “chico.”)

Correct usage of “lo”:

Lo bueno de viajar es conocer culturas nuevas.
(The good thing about traveling is learning about new cultures.)

⚠️ 2. Don’t Use “Lo” Before Feminine or Plural Adjectives

Since “lo” is neutral and singular, it cannot be used with feminine or plural forms.

Incorrect: Lo buenas son las galletas.
Correct: Las galletas son buenas.
Or: Lo bueno de las galletas es su sabor.
(The good thing about cookies is their taste.)

⚠️ 3. Don’t Confuse “Lo” with the Masculine Direct Object Pronoun “Lo”

Spanish uses “lo” in two very different ways:

As a neutral article (Lo importante es estudiar.)
As a masculine object pronoun (Lo vi ayer. – I saw him/it yesterday.)

Even though they look the same, their functions are totally different. Focus on what “lo” is replacing or introducing in the sentence to understand its role.

⚠️ 4. “Lo que” Is Different from “Lo cual” and “Lo mismo”

These similar-looking phrases have different meanings and uses:

Lo que = what / that which
Lo que dijiste fue cierto.
(What you said was true.)
Lo cual = which (used after a whole clause)
Estudió mucho, lo cual fue útil.
(He studied a lot, which was useful.)
Lo mismo = the same thing
Dijo lo mismo otra vez.
(He said the same thing again.)

🧠 Pro Tip: “Lo que” is much more common in daily conversation than “lo cual.”

⚠️ 5. “Lo” Can Show Degree or Quantity — Be Careful With These Structures

When expressing degree or emphasis, “lo” is followed by adjectives or adverbs plus “que.” These expressions sound dramatic or emotional, so use them to add flavor to your Spanish!

Examples:

No sabes lo cansado que estoy.
(You don’t know how tired I am.)
¡Lo bien que canta esa niña!
(How well that girl sings!)

These structures are tricky at first, but incredibly useful once you get the hang of them.

⚠️ 6. Set Phrases with “Lo” Can’t Be Translated Word for Word

Some expressions using “lo” don’t translate directly into English. It’s better to memorize them as set phrases.

Common expressions:

A lo mejor = maybe/perhaps
Por lo tanto = therefore
Por lo menos = at least
Por lo visto = apparently

📝 Learn these as they are — they’re used all the time in spoken and written Spanish!

⚠️ 7. You Can’t Say “Lo es” Alone to Mean “It is”

This is a classic learner error.

Incorrect: Lo es importante.
Correct: Lo importante es…
(The important thing is…)

Use “lo” + adjective + “es” to express general ideas or abstract subjects.

✅ Quick Recap of Tricky Points to Watch Out For

“Lo” is neutral and singular — no gender or plural forms.
Never use “lo” before feminine or plural adjectives.
Don’t confuse the neutral article “lo” with the direct object pronoun “lo.”
“Lo que,” “lo cual,” and “lo mismo” have different meanings — memorize their uses.
Use “lo que + verb” to refer to abstract actions or ideas.
Watch out for degree/emphasis structures: lo + adjective/adverb + que.
Learn common set phrases with “lo” by heart — they’re not literal.

Now that we’ve cleared up all the tricky spots and common errors, let’s put your knowledge to work with 20 powerful example sentences using “lo” naturally and correctly in Spanish.

20 Example Sentences Using “Lo” in Spanish

Lo bueno de viajar es conocer nuevas culturas. (The good thing about traveling is meeting new cultures.)
Lo que quiero es descansar. (What I want is to rest.)
Lo peor de todo es que no lo sabía. (The worst part is that I didn’t know.)
Lo que más me gusta es leer libros. (What I like most is reading books.)
Lo fácil que fue el examen me sorprendió. (How easy the exam was surprised me.)
Lo interesante de la historia es el final. (The interesting part of the story is the ending.)
Lo importante es estudiar cada día. (The important thing is to study every day.)
No sabes lo feliz que me haces. (You don’t know how happy you make me.)
Lo bueno de este lugar es que está cerca de todo. (The good thing about this place is that it’s close to everything.)
Lo que me preocupa es el futuro. (What worries me is the future.)
Lo mejor de las vacaciones fue la playa. (The best part of the vacation was the beach.)
Lo más difícil es empezar. (The most difficult part is starting.)
Por lo visto, él no va a venir. (Apparently, he is not coming.)
Lo que dijiste no tiene sentido. (What you said doesn’t make sense.)
Lo que pasa es que no entiendo. (What’s happening is that I don’t understand.)
A lo mejor nos vemos mañana. (Maybe we’ll see each other tomorrow.)
Lo importante es disfrutar el momento. (The important thing is to enjoy the moment.)
Lo que más me gusta de este libro es el personaje principal. (What I like most about this book is the main character.)
Lo bueno de estudiar en casa es que no pierdes tiempo en el transporte. (The good thing about studying at home is that you don’t waste time on transport.)
Lo que me molesta es el ruido. (What bothers me is the noise.)

20 Fill-in-the-Blank Exercises

____ bueno de estudiar es que puedes aprender cosas nuevas.
____ que más me gusta de este libro es el final.
____ fácil que fue el examen me sorprendió.
____ importante es mantener una actitud positiva.
____ que dije no fue tan claro.
____ peor de la situación es que no podemos hacer nada al respecto.
No sabes ____ feliz que me haces.
____ que me molesta es el ruido constante.
____ bueno de viajar es que te permite conocer otras culturas.
____ más difícil de aprender un idioma es la pronunciación.
____ que más me impactó fue la noticia.
____ que me gusta hacer en mi tiempo libre es leer.
____ mejor de este restaurante es la comida.
____ que ocurrió fue inesperado.
____ bueno de este día es que no ha llovido.
____ interesante de la película es el giro final.
____ que quiero hacer es descansar.
____ que pasó no lo esperaba.
____ malo de esta ciudad es el tráfico.
____ bueno de la fiesta fue ver a todos mis amigos.

Answers with the Correct Usage of “Lo”

Lo bueno de estudiar es que puedes aprender cosas nuevas.
(The good thing about studying is that you can learn new things.)
Lo que más me gusta de este libro es el final.
(What I like most about this book is the ending.)
Lo fácil que fue el examen me sorprendió.
(How easy the exam was surprised me.)
Lo importante es mantener una actitud positiva.
(The important thing is to maintain a positive attitude.)
Lo que dije no fue tan claro.
(What I said wasn’t very clear.)
Lo peor de la situación es que no podemos hacer nada al respecto.
(The worst part of the situation is that we can’t do anything about it.)
No sabes lo feliz que me haces.
(You don’t know how happy you make me.)
Lo que me molesta es el ruido constante.
(What bothers me is the constant noise.)
Lo bueno de viajar es que te permite conocer otras culturas.
(The good thing about traveling is that it allows you to experience other cultures.)
Lo más difícil de aprender un idioma es la pronunciación.
(The most difficult part of learning a language is the pronunciation.)
Lo que más me impactó fue la noticia.
(What impacted me the most was the news.)
Lo que me gusta hacer en mi tiempo libre es leer.
(What I like to do in my free time is read.)
Lo mejor de este restaurante es la comida.
(The best thing about this restaurant is the food.)
Lo que ocurrió fue inesperado.
(What happened was unexpected.)
Lo bueno de este día es que no ha llovido.
(The good thing about today is that it hasn’t rained.)
Lo interesante de la película es el giro final.
(The interesting thing about the movie is the final twist.)
Lo que quiero hacer es descansar.
(What I want to do is rest.)
Lo que pasó no lo esperaba.
(What happened, I didn’t expect it.)
Lo malo de esta ciudad es el tráfico.
(The bad thing about this city is the traffic.)
Lo bueno de la fiesta fue ver a todos mis amigos.
(The best thing about the party was seeing all my friends.)

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About “Lo” in Spanish

1. What does the article “lo” mean in Spanish?

The article “lo” in Spanish is a neutral definite article. It is used to refer to abstract ideas, concepts, or things that do not have a specific gender. It is often translated as “the” in English when referring to things like feelings, situations, or characteristics, but it doesn’t correspond to a specific masculine or feminine noun.

Example:

Lo importante es estudiar.
(The important thing is to study.)

2. When do I use “lo” in Spanish?

“Lo” is used in the following situations:

To refer to abstract concepts or ideas (e.g., “lo bueno” = “the good thing”).
To emphasize an adjective or an adverb (e.g., “lo fácil” = “how easy”).
In fixed expressions like “a lo mejor” (maybe) or “por lo tanto” (therefore).

3. Can “lo” refer to people or objects?

No, “lo” cannot be used to refer to people or specific objects that have gender. If you’re referring to a person or a specific object, you will use gendered articles like “el” (masculine) or “la” (feminine). “Lo” is only for neutral concepts or situations.

4. What’s the difference between “lo” and “el”?

“Lo” is a neutral article, while “el” is a masculine article. “El” is used with masculine nouns, while “lo” is used with abstract concepts or when you want to emphasize an adjective or adverb.

Example:

El libro (the book – masculine)
Lo importante (the important thing – abstract concept)

5. Is there a difference between “lo” and “la”?

Yes, there is. “Lo” is used for neutral and masculine singular abstract nouns or when emphasizing adjectives/adverbs. “La” is the feminine article used with feminine singular nouns.

Example:

Lo difícil (the difficult thing)
La difícil situación (the difficult situation)

6. How do you use “lo que” and “lo cual”?

Both “lo que” and “lo cual” can be translated as “what” or “which,” but they are used differently:

Lo que is used to refer to something undefined or previously mentioned.
- Example: Lo que me gusta es leer. (What I like is reading.)
Lo cual is used when referring to a previous statement or idea in the sentence.
- Example: No me gustó, lo cual fue una sorpresa. (I didn’t like it, which was a surprise.)

7. Can “lo” be used with verbs?

Yes, “lo” can be used in constructions with verbs to emphasize or specify an action. For example, “lo de” is often used to refer to an event or situation that has been mentioned.

Example:

Lo de ayer fue increíble. (What happened yesterday was incredible.)

8. Is “lo” used the same way in all Spanish-speaking countries?

Yes, “lo” is used consistently in all Spanish-speaking countries in the same way. However, the specific expressions or contexts where “lo” is used might vary depending on regional idioms or slang.

9. Why do we use “lo” to mean “the thing” or “what”?

In Spanish, the article “lo” is used when referring to a non-specific idea, fact, or concept. It’s an easy way to talk about something that doesn’t have a direct, tangible object but still needs to be discussed.

Example:

Lo que pasó no lo esperaba. (What happened, I didn’t expect it.)

10. Can “lo” be used in the plural form?

No, “lo” is always singular. If you want to talk about something plural, you would use “los” or “las” depending on the gender of the noun.

Summary of Key Points:

“Lo” is a neutral definite article used with abstract concepts, ideas, or when emphasizing an adjective or adverb.
It is not used with feminine nouns or specific masculine/feminine objects.
Common expressions like “a lo mejor” (maybe), “lo que” (what), and “por lo tanto” (therefore) use “lo.”
It cannot be used with people or specific objects.
Use “lo” to refer to an abstract or generalized concept (e.g., lo bueno = the good thing).

Conclusion

The article “lo” is an important and versatile part of the Spanish language. It allows you to express abstract ideas, generalizations, and emphasized qualities in a clear and concise way. By mastering its use, you can speak and write more naturally and effectively in Spanish.

If you want to continue improving your Spanish skills, explore more lessons on my blog, My Language Classes.

Don’t forget to follow me on Instagram and Subscribe My language Classes YouTube channel to receive more tips and tricks for learning Spanish, English, and Japanese!

This wraps up our deep dive into the article “lo” in Spanish!

I hope the explanations and examples were helpful.

Let me know if you have more questions in the comments below!

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May 1, 2025

Correct Use of Accent Marks in Written Spanish

Spanish is a phonetic language, meaning words are pronounced as they are written. However, the correct use of accent marks (tildes) is crucial to ensuring clarity and avoiding misunderstandings. Accent marks in Spanish are not just decorative; they indicate stress and, in some cases, distinguish words that are otherwise spelled the same but have different meanings. Let’s explore how to use accent marks correctly and why they are so important.

The Importance of Accent Marks in Written Spanish

Accent marks can completely change the meaning of a word. For example:

tú (you) vs. tu (your)
- Tú tienes un coche nuevo. (You have a new car.)
- Tu coche es nuevo. (Your car is new.)
sí (yes) vs. si (if)
- Sí, quiero ir al cine. (Yes, I want to go to the movies.)
- Si quieres, podemos ir al cine. (If you want, we can go to the movies.)
más (more) vs. mas (but)
- Quiero más azúcar en mi café. (I want more sugar in my coffee.)
- Quería ir, mas no pude. (I wanted to go, but I couldn’t.)

As you can see, missing an accent mark or placing one where it doesn’t belong can lead to confusion and change the meaning of a sentence entirely.

Rules for Using Accent Marks in Spanish

1. Words That Follow Natural Stress Rules (No Accent Mark Needed)

Spanish words naturally follow two stress rules:

If a word ends in a vowel, ‘n’, or ‘s’, the stress falls on the second-to-last syllable.
- Example: casa (house), lápices (pencils), comen (they eat)
If a word ends in any other consonant (except ‘n’ or ‘s’), the stress falls on the last syllable.
- Example: hotel (hotel), reloj (watch)

When words do not follow these natural stress rules, an accent mark is needed.

2. Words That Break the Natural Stress Rules (Require an Accent Mark)

Example: canción (song), teléfono (telephone), inglés (English)

3. Differentiating Homonyms (Diacritical Marks)

Certain words have the same spelling but different meanings, distinguished by an accent mark:

tú (you) vs. tu (your)
sí (yes) vs. si (if)
éste (this one) vs. este (this)
qué (what) vs. que (that)

Example Sentences:

¿Qué quieres hacer? (What do you want to do?)
Dijo que vendría. (He said that he would come.)

4. Interrogative and Exclamatory Words Need an Accent

Question words always have an accent mark:

¿Cómo te llamas? (What’s your name?)
¡Qué sorpresa! (What a surprise!)

5. Monosyllabic Words Usually Do Not Carry an Accent

Single-syllable words generally do not take an accent, except when distinguishing homonyms:

tú (you) vs. tu (your)
mí (me) vs. mi (my)

6. Accent Marks in Verb Forms

Verbs in the preterite and commands often require accents:

está (he/she/it is) vs. esta (this)
dé (give) vs. de (of, from)

Things to Keep in Mind

Accent marks are essential and can change the meaning of a word completely.
Follow natural stress rules and apply accents when needed.
Learn and memorize common homonyms with accents.
Question words always require an accent.
Verb forms often require accents to maintain clarity.

Fill in the Blanks

___ (Tu/Tú) eres muy amable.
No sé ___ (si/sí) puedo ir mañana.
Me gusta este libro, pero prefiero ___ (aquel/aquél).
No entiendo qué quiere decir ___ (mas/más).
Voy a comprar ___ (mi/mí) coche nuevo.
¿___ (Que/Qué) hora es?
Espero que Juan me ___ (dé/de) un consejo.
No sé si ella está aquí ___ (aun/aún).
¿Te gusta el ___ (café/cafe)?
Mi hermano siempre ___ (está/esta) ocupado.

Answers

Tú eres muy amable.
No sé si puedo ir mañana.
Me gusta este libro, pero prefiero aquel.
No entiendo qué quiere decir más.
Voy a comprar mi coche nuevo.
¿Qué hora es?
Espero que Juan me dé un consejo.
No sé si ella está aquí aún.
¿Te gusta el café?
Mi hermano siempre está ocupado.

Conclusion

Mastering accent marks in Spanish is essential for clear communication. A missing or misplaced accent can change the meaning of a word completely and lead to confusion. By understanding the rules and practicing regularly, you can improve your written Spanish and avoid common mistakes. Always double-check accent marks, especially in homonyms and verbs, to ensure your writing is accurate and professional. ¡Buena suerte!

If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to check out more posts like this on my blog at My Language Classes. Don’t forget to subscribe my YouTube channel and follow me on Instagram for the latest language learning tips and lessons. Leave a comment below to share your thoughts, or ask any questions you have.

Happy learning! 😊

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February 11, 2025

Relative Pronouns in Spanish

When learning Spanish, relative pronouns are essential for connecting sentences smoothly and making speech more fluid. These pronouns allow us to refer to people, places, or things without unnecessary repetition. In this blog post, we will explore the different relative pronouns in Spanish, their meanings, and how to use them correctly.

List of Relative Pronouns in Spanish

Relative pronouns in Spanish are used to introduce subordinate clauses and refer to a previously mentioned noun (antecedent). Below is a list of the most common relative pronouns, their meanings, and example sentences:

Relative Pronoun	Meaning	Example Sentence 1	Example Sentence 2
Que	That, which, who	La casa que compré es muy grande.	La película que vimos fue interesante.
Quien / Quienes	Who, whom	Mi amiga, quien vive en Madrid, me visitó ayer.	Los estudiantes, quienes aprobaron, celebraron.
Cuyo / Cuya / Cuyos / Cuyas	Whose	El hombre cuyo coche es rojo está aquí.	La chica cuya madre es doctora es mi amiga.
Donde	Where	La ciudad donde nací es hermosa.	Este es el restaurante donde cenamos anoche.
El que / La que / Los que / Las que	The one(s) who/that	El libro, el que compraste, es interesante.	Las chicas, las que llegaron tarde, son mis amigas.
El cual / La cual / Los cuales / Las cuales	The one(s) who/that (formal)	La casa en la cual crecí está en ruinas.	Los estudiantes, los cuales fueron premiados, estaban felices.
Lo que	What, which	No entiendo lo que dijiste.	Lo que más me gusta es viajar.
Lo cual	Which (referring to a whole idea)	Perdimos el tren, lo cual fue un problema.	Llegó tarde, lo cual nos molestó mucho.
Cuanto / Cuanta / Cuantos / Cuantas	As much/many as	Toma cuanto quieras.	Cuantas veces lo intentó, falló.

More Example Sentences

La mujer que trabaja en la tienda es muy amable.
Mi amigo, quien es muy inteligente, siempre me ayuda.
El perro cuyo dueño es mi vecino es muy juguetón.
No entiendo lo que está pasando.
El país donde nací es hermoso.
Los estudiantes, los cuales estudian mucho, sacaron buenas notas.
La casa en la que crecí tiene muchos recuerdos.
No sé lo que quieres decir.
Las flores que compraste son muy bonitas.
La ciudad donde vivo tiene muchas atracciones turísticas.

Things to Keep in Mind

Agreement in Gender and Number:
- “Cuyo” agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies: El hombre cuyos hijos estudian aquí…
- “El que, la que, los que, las que” also change according to the noun they refer to.
Use of Articles:
- “El cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales” often appear with a preposition and are more formal.
- “Lo que” and “lo cual” refer to entire ideas or situations.
Que vs. Quien:
- “Que” is used for both people and objects.
- “Quien” is used mainly for people and must match singular or plural (quien/quienes).
Where to Use Relative Pronouns:
- “Donde” is for places.
- “Lo que” and “lo cual” refer to abstract concepts.
- “Cuyo” means “whose” and agrees with the possessed noun.

Fill in the Blanks

La chica _______ vive al lado es muy simpática.
El perro _______ dueño es mi vecino ladra mucho.
No entiendo _______ dices.
La ciudad _______ naciste es hermosa.
Mi amigo, _______ es doctor, trabaja en el hospital.
Las flores, _______ compraste ayer, están muy bonitas.
Juan, _______ hermano es mi compañero, me ayudó con la tarea.
La razón por _______ llegamos tarde fue el tráfico.
No sabía _______ querías decir.
El edificio _______ ventanas son grandes es nuevo.

Answers

que
cuyo
lo que
donde
quien
las que
cuyo
la cual
lo que
cuyas

Conclusion

Mastering relative pronouns in Spanish is essential for improving fluency and making speech more natural. Understanding the gender, number agreement, and context in which each pronoun is used will help you construct sentences more accurately. Keep practicing with different sentence structures, and soon, using these pronouns will become second nature.

Happy learning! 😊

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February 10, 2025

Use of Infinitive After Prepositions in Spanish

In Spanish, when a verb follows a preposition, it must always be in its infinitive form. Unlike English, where the gerund (-ing form) is often used after prepositions, Spanish strictly requires the infinitive. Understanding this grammatical rule is essential for forming correct sentences and sounding natural in Spanish.

This blog post will cover the different situations in which the infinitive is used after prepositions, common expressions with their meanings and examples, and essential points to keep in mind while using them.

Situations Where the Infinitive is Used After Prepositions

Purpose or Goal (para + infinitive)
- Used to indicate the purpose or objective of an action.
- Example: Estudio para aprender. (I study to learn.)
Means or Manner (con + infinitive)
- Expresses the way in which something is done.
- Example: Mejorarás con practicar. (You will improve by practicing.)
Cause or Reason (por + infinitive)
- Indicates the reason for an action.
- Example: Me castigaron por llegar tarde. (They punished me for arriving late.)
Condition (de + infinitive)
- Expresses conditions in certain phrases.
- Example: De saberlo, te lo habría dicho. (Had I known, I would have told you.)
After Prepositions of Time (antes de/después de + infinitive)
- Used when referring to actions occurring before or after another action.
- Example: Voy a ducharme después de correr. (I am going to shower after running.)
Prepositions Indicating a Point of Reference (sin, hasta, en, etc.)
- Used in fixed expressions and idiomatic phrases.
- Example: No puedes salir sin avisar. (You can’t leave without letting us know.)

Common Expressions with Infinitives After Prepositions

Expression	Meaning	Example 1	Example 2
Para estudiar	To study	Voy a la biblioteca para estudiar.	Uso aplicaciones para estudiar español.
Por llegar tarde	For arriving late	Me regañaron por llegar tarde.	Perdí el tren por salir tarde.
Con practicar	By practicing	Mejoras con practicar cada día.	Con practicar, hablas mejor.
Antes de dormir	Before sleeping	Leo antes de dormir.	Me lavo la cara antes de dormir.
Después de comer	After eating	Me cepillo los dientes después de comer.	Llamó después de almorzar.
Sin avisar	Without warning	No puedes irte sin avisar.	Entró sin avisar.
Hasta terminar	Until finishing	No salgo hasta terminar la tarea.	No puedo descansar hasta terminar.
De saberlo	Had I known	De saberlo, no lo habría hecho.	De saberlo antes, te habría avisado.
En aprender	In learning	Invierto tiempo en aprender español.	Me esfuerzo en aprender bien.
A pesar de fallar	Despite failing	Sigo intentándolo a pesar de fallar.	Aprobó a pesar de fallar el primer intento.

More Example Sentences

Fui al mercado para comprar frutas.
No puedes entrar sin pagar la entrada.
Me llamó después de haber terminado el trabajo.
Logró su meta con dedicarse al estudio.
Antes de salir, revisa tu mochila.
Me fui temprano por evitar el tráfico.
No puedes dormir sin apagar la luz.
No podré jugar hasta mejorar mi salud.
De haber sabido la verdad, habría reaccionado diferente.
A pesar de tener miedo, enfrentó la situación.

Fill in the Blanks

Voy al gimnasio ________ estar en forma. (para)
Me castigaron ________ decir una mentira. (por)
No puedes viajar ________ tu pasaporte. (sin)
Voy a descansar ________ trabajar todo el día. (después de)
No saldré ________ terminar el proyecto. (hasta)
Aprendí español ________ estudiar mucho. (con)
De ________ que vendrías, habría preparado algo especial. (saber)
Siempre leo un libro ________ dormir. (antes de)
Se esforzó mucho ________ ganar el premio. (para)
Consiguió su objetivo ________ muchos intentos fallidos. (a pesar de)

Answers

para
por
sin
después de
hasta
con
saber
antes de
para
a pesar de

Things to Keep in Mind

The verb after the preposition always remains in its infinitive form.
Prepositions like para, por, sin, antes de, and después de commonly appear before infinitives.
In cases where an article (el, la, los, las) is used, ensure agreement in gender and number.
Some phrases change meaning slightly depending on the preposition used (e.g., por estudiar vs. para estudiar).

Conclusion

Using the infinitive after prepositions is a fundamental rule in Spanish. Unlike English, which often uses gerunds, Spanish requires the verb to stay in its base form. Mastering this concept will improve fluency and accuracy in constructing sentences. Practice with the expressions provided, and soon, this rule will become second nature in your Spanish conversations!

Happy learning! 😊

📚 Continue Learning Spanish

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Spanish Conditional Tense (Condicional Simple) | My Language Classes

Present Perfect Tense (Pretérito Perfecto de Indicativo) in Spanish | My Language Classes

Present Subjunctive (Presente de Subjuntivo) in Spanish | My Language Classes

Expressions and Idioms with the Verb “Tener” in Spanish | My Language Classes

Expressions, Idioms, and Proverbs with the Verb Hacer | My Language Classes

Expressions, Idioms, and Proverbs with the Verb ‘Haber’ in Spanish | My Language Classes

Ir a + Infinitive: Expressing Near Future in Spanish | My Language Classes

Mastering Deber, Poder and Querer in Spanish | My Language Classes

Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives in Spanish | My Language Classes

Possessive Adjectives in Spanish | My Language Classes

Adverbs of Quantity in Spanish | My Language Classes

How to Use Spanish Prepositions | My Language Classes

Everything You Need to Know About POR in Spanish | My Language Classes

Everything You Need to Know About PARA in Spanish | My Language Classes

Coordinating Conjunctions in Spanish: y, o, pero, sino, and Others | My Language Classes

Subordinating Conjunctions in Spanish: porque, que, cuando, aunque, and Others | My Language Classes

Questions with Interrogative Words in Spanish | My Language Classes

Time Expressions in Spanish: Hace + Time + Que, Desde, Desde Hace, and More | My Language Classes

Idiomatic Phrases Using Tener, Estar, and Hacer in Spanish | My Language Classes

Use of Infinitive After Prepositions in Spanish | My Language Classes

Correct Use of Accent Marks in Written Spanish | My Language Classes

How to Use ‘Aunque’, ‘A pesar de que’, and ‘Por más que’ in Spanish | My Language Classes

Understanding ‘Dejar de’, ‘Volver a’, and ‘Seguir’ | My Language Classes

How to Use ‘Ojalá’, ‘Quizás’, and ‘Tal vez’ | My Language Classes

Understanding the Passive Voice in Spanish | My Language Classes

February 9, 2025

Idiomatic Phrases Using Tener, Estar, and Hacer in Spanish

Mastering idiomatic expressions is essential for achieving fluency in Spanish. Many common expressions in Spanish use the verbs tener (to have), estar (to be), and hacer (to do/make), which often don’t translate literally into English. In this blog, we will explore frequently used phrases such as tener razón, tener ganas de, estar de acuerdo, and many others, along with their meanings, uses, and examples.

Understanding Tener, Estar, and Hacer in Idiomatic Expressions

In Spanish, some expressions that involve states, desires, or idiomatic ideas use tener, estar, or hacer, instead of ser or other verbs we might expect in English.

Tener is often used for conditions, feelings, or necessity.
Estar is used for temporary states, emotions, and agreements.
Hacer is commonly used for weather expressions and actions.

To form these idiomatic phrases, we follow these patterns:

✅ Tener + noun → (e.g., tener razón – “to be right”)
✅ Estar + prepositional phrase/adjective → (e.g., estar de acuerdo – “to agree”)
✅ Hacer + noun → (e.g., hacer frío – “to be cold (weather-wise)”)

Common Expressions Using Tener, Estar, and Hacer

Here is a list of beginner and intermediate-level expressions along with their meanings and example sentences.

Expression	Meaning	Example 1	Example 2
Tener hambre	To be hungry	Tengo hambre, ¿puedo comer algo? (I am hungry, can I eat something?)	Los niños tienen hambre después de jugar. (The children are hungry after playing.)
Tener sed	To be thirsty	Después de correr, siempre tengo mucha sed. (After running, I am always very thirsty.)	¿Tienes sed? Hay agua en la nevera. (Are you thirsty? There is water in the fridge.)
Tener razón	To be right	Tienes razón, era una mala idea. (You are right, it was a bad idea.)	El profesor tenía razón sobre la respuesta. (The teacher was right about the answer.)
Tener ganas de + infinitive	To feel like (doing something)	Tengo ganas de viajar a España. (I feel like traveling to Spain.)	No tengo ganas de salir hoy. (I don’t feel like going out today.)
Tener cuidado	To be careful	¡Ten cuidado con el perro! (Be careful with the dog!)	Debes tener cuidado al cruzar la calle. (You must be careful when crossing the street.)
Tener sueño	To be sleepy	Después de estudiar, tengo mucho sueño. (After studying, I am very sleepy.)	Ella siempre tiene sueño por la mañana. (She is always sleepy in the morning.)
Estar de acuerdo	To agree	Estoy de acuerdo contigo. (I agree with you.)	Mis padres no están de acuerdo con mi decisión. (My parents do not agree with my decision.)
Estar de buen/mal humor	To be in a good/bad mood	Hoy estoy de buen humor. (Today I am in a good mood.)	Después del examen, estaba de mal humor. (After the exam, I was in a bad mood.)
Hacer frío/calor	To be cold/hot (weather)	Hace mucho frío en invierno. (It is very cold in winter.)	En la playa, hace calor. (At the beach, it is hot.)
Hacer falta	To be necessary/to need	Hace falta estudiar para el examen. (It is necessary to study for the exam.)	Nos hace falta más información. (We need more information.)

More Example Sentences

Hace mucho viento hoy. (It is very windy today.)
Tienes razón, esto no es fácil. (You are right, this is not easy.)
No estoy de acuerdo con esa idea. (I do not agree with that idea.)
Hace falta paciencia para aprender un idioma. (Patience is necessary to learn a language.)
Ten cuidado, la carretera está resbaladiza. (Be careful, the road is slippery.)
Siempre tengo ganas de comer pizza los viernes. (I always feel like eating pizza on Fridays.)
Mi hermana tiene sueño porque estudió hasta tarde. (My sister is sleepy because she studied late.)
En verano hace mucho calor en mi ciudad. (In summer, it is very hot in my city.)
Después del trabajo, mi madre siempre está de buen humor. (After work, my mom is always in a good mood.)
Los estudiantes no están de acuerdo con las nuevas reglas. (The students do not agree with the new rules.)

Fill in the Blanks

______ cuidado cuando cruzas la calle.
Después de correr, ______ sed.
¿Tú ______ de acuerdo con esa decisión?
Esta sopa está caliente, ______ falta más agua fría.
En invierno ______ frío, así que uso un abrigo.
Hoy no ______ ganas de salir.
Mi hermana siempre ______ sueño por la mañana.
Tú siempre ______ razón en las discusiones.
Mis amigos y yo ______ de buen humor porque es viernes.
¡______ falta estudiar más para el examen!

Answers:

Ten
Tengo
Estás
Hace
Hace
Tengo
Tiene
Tienes
Estamos
Hace

Things to Keep in Mind

Tener expressions use a noun, meaning they follow gender and number rules. Example: Tener hambre (hunger, feminine noun) vs. Tener ganas de (desires, plural noun).
Estar expressions often use prepositional phrases such as de acuerdo or de buen humor.
Hacer expressions are commonly used for weather, e.g., Hace frío instead of Es frío.
Some phrases change based on the subject. Example: Tengo ganas de comer (I feel like eating) vs. Tenemos ganas de viajar (We feel like traveling).

Conclusion

Using idiomatic expressions with tener, estar, and hacer correctly will make your Spanish sound more natural and fluent. These phrases often don’t translate directly into English, so understanding their structure and use in different contexts is essential. Keep practicing these expressions in daily conversations to improve your fluency and confidence in Spanish!

Happy learning! 😊

📚 Continue Learning Spanish

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Expressions, Idioms, and Proverbs with the Verb Hacer | My Language Classes

Expressions, Idioms, and Proverbs with the Verb ‘Haber’ in Spanish | My Language Classes

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February 8, 2025

Time Expressions in Spanish: Hace + Time + Que, Desde, Desde Hace, and More

When learning Spanish, mastering time expressions is crucial for effective communication. Expressions like hace + time + que, desde, and desde hace help describe durations, points in time, and ongoing actions. In this blog post, we’ll explore these expressions in detail, provide examples, and offer practice exercises.

Common Spanish Time Expressions

Below is a list of commonly used time expressions in Spanish, their meanings, and example sentences:

Time Expression	Meaning	Example 1	Example 2
Hace + time + que	“It has been (time) since…”	Hace dos horas que estudio. (I have been studying for two hours.)	Hace un mes que vivo en Madrid. (I have been living in Madrid for a month.)
Desde	“Since (a point in time)”	Vivo en Madrid desde 2020. (I have lived in Madrid since 2020.)	No como carne desde enero. (I haven’t eaten meat since January.)
Desde hace	“For (a duration of time)”	Trabajo aquí desde hace cinco años. (I have been working here for five years.)	No veo a Juan desde hace meses. (I haven’t seen Juan for months.)
Hace + time	“(Time) ago”	Fui a España hace tres años. (I went to Spain three years ago.)	Terminó la tarea hace una hora. (He finished the homework an hour ago.)
Llevar + time + gerundio	“To have been (doing something) for (time)”	Llevo dos años aprendiendo español. (I have been learning Spanish for two years.)	Lleva tres horas esperando. (He has been waiting for three hours.)
Hace tiempo que	“It’s been a long time since…”	Hace tiempo que no te veo. (I haven’t seen you in a long time.)	Hace tiempo que no viajo. (I haven’t traveled in a long time.)
Desde que	“Since (something happened)”	Desde que me mudé, estoy feliz. (Since I moved, I am happy.)	Desde que empezó el curso, estudio más. (Since the course started, I study more.)
Al cabo de	“After (time period)”	Al cabo de dos años, me fui. (After two years, I left.)	Al cabo de un mes, nos casamos. (After a month, we got married.)
En cuanto	“As soon as”	En cuanto llegué, comimos. (As soon as I arrived, we ate.)	En cuanto lo vi, supe la verdad. (As soon as I saw him, I knew the truth.)

More Example Sentences

Hace cinco minutos que llegué. (I arrived five minutes ago.)
No veo a mi primo desde hace tres semanas. (I haven’t seen my cousin for three weeks.)
Estudio español desde el año pasado. (I have been studying Spanish since last year.)
Desde que cambié de trabajo, soy más feliz. (Since I changed jobs, I am happier.)
Llevo un mes sin fumar. (I haven’t smoked for a month.)
Hace dos años que conozco a Marta. (I have known Marta for two years.)
Al cabo de unos meses, aprendí a nadar. (After a few months, I learned to swim.)
En cuanto terminó la reunión, salimos. (As soon as the meeting ended, we left.)
Hace tiempo que no voy al cine. (I haven’t been to the cinema in a long time.)
Desde que empezó la pandemia, trabajo desde casa. (Since the pandemic started, I have been working from home.)

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with the correct time expression.

_______ dos horas que espero tu llamada.
No veo a mi amigo _______ un año.
Trabajo en esta empresa _______ hace cinco años.
_______ empezó el curso, estudio mucho más.
Mi hermano llegó _______ tres días.
_______ un mes que no salimos a cenar.
Llevo dos meses _______ practicar yoga.
_______ compré este coche, no he tenido problemas mecánicos.
_______ lo vi, me di cuenta de su felicidad.
Al cabo _______ un año, decidimos mudarnos.

Answers

Hace
Desde hace
Desde hace
Desde que
Hace
Hace
Sin
Desde que
En cuanto
de

Things to Keep in Mind

Gender and Number: Some time expressions require agreement in gender and number. For example, Hace un mes (one month) but Hace dos meses (two months).
Articles: Desde hace is often followed by a duration (e.g., Desde hace tres años). However, desde alone is used with specific dates or points in time (e.g., Desde 2020).
Different Uses: Hace + time is used for the past (e.g., Hace un año que fui a España), while Desde hace emphasizes duration.
Llevar + gerund: This expression is similar to hace + que but emphasizes ongoing action (e.g., Llevo dos años estudiando español).

Conclusion

Time expressions in Spanish are essential for discussing events, durations, and actions. Understanding the differences between hace + time + que, desde, and desde hace will help you communicate fluently. Practice using these expressions in different contexts to improve your Spanish skills!

Happy learning! 😊

📚 Continue Learning Spanish

Preterite Tense (Pretérito Indefinido) in Spanish | My Language Classes

Imperfect Tense (Pretérito Imperfecto) in Spanish | My Language Classes

Future Simple Tense in Spanish | My Language Classes

Spanish Conditional Tense (Condicional Simple) | My Language Classes

Present Perfect Tense (Pretérito Perfecto de Indicativo) in Spanish | My Language Classes

Present Subjunctive (Presente de Subjuntivo) in Spanish | My Language Classes